《语法专题训练》PPT课件.ppt

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1、倒装结构倒装结构知识的殿堂知识的殿堂This is because we feel pain 咱们出去走走，好吗咱们出去走走，好吗? ?请让我核对一下帐单。请让我核对一下帐单。充足的睡眠有益于健康。充足的睡眠有益于健康。太阳从东方升起。太阳从东方升起。这是因为我们能感到疼痛。这是因为我们能感到疼痛。 Lets go for a walk,shall we?Please let me check the bill. Plenty of sleep is healthfulThe sun comes up in the east 倒装语序分为倒装语序分为“全部倒装全部倒装”和和“部分倒部分倒装装”

2、。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词动词bebe等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下：主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下： 1 1、倒装句之全部倒装、倒装句之全部倒装 全全部部倒倒装装是是只只将将句句子子中中的的谓谓语语动动词词全全部部置置于于主主语语之之前前。此此结结构构通常只用与通常只用与现在时和一般过去时一般现在时和一般过去时一般。常

3、见的结构有：。常见的结构有：1) 1) here, here, there, there, now, now, then, then, thusthus等等副副词词置置于于句句首首, , 谓谓语语动动词词常常用用be, come, go, lie, runbe, come, go, lie, run等，例如：等，例如： There goes the bell.There goes the bell./ Then came the chairman./ Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. Here is your letter.2) 2) 表

4、表示示运运动动方方向向的的副副词词或或地地点点状状语语置置于于句句首首，谓谓语语表表示示运运动动的的动动词词，例如：例如： Out rushed a group of students from the classroom.Out rushed a group of students from the classroom. Ahead sat an old woman. Ahead sat an old woman.注意：注意：注意：注意： 上上述述全全部部倒倒装装的的句句型型结结构构的的主主语语必必须须是是名名词词，如如果果主主语语是是人人称称代词代词则不能完全倒装。例如：则不能完全倒装。例

5、如： Here he comes.Here he comes./ Away they went./ Away they went.2 2、倒装句之部分倒装、倒装句之部分倒装 部部分分倒倒装装是是指指将将谓谓语语的的一一部部分分如如助助动动词词或或情情态态倒倒装装至至主主语语之之前前。如如果果句句中中的的谓谓语语没没有有助助动动词词或或情情态态动动词词，则则需需添添加加助助动动词词do, do, doesdoes或或diddid，并将其置于主语之前。并将其置于主语之前。1) 1) 句句首首为为否否定定或或半半否否定定的的词词语语，如如 no, no, not, not, never, never

6、, seldom, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。等。 Never have I seen such a performance.Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. No

7、t Not until until the the child child fell fell asleep asleep did did the the mother mother leave leave the the room.room. 当当Not until Not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：注意：注意：注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如：如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如： I have never seen such a performance.I have never seen such a performance

8、. The The mother mother didndidnt t leave leave the the room room until until the the child child fell fell asleep.asleep.典型例题典型例题典型例题典型例题 Why cant I smoke here? Why cant I smoke here? At no time _ in the meeting-room. At no time _ in the meeting-room. A. is smoking permitted A. is smoking permitted

9、 B. smoking is permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit D. does smoking permit答答案案A A. . 这这是是一一个个倒倒装装问问题题。当当否否定定词词语语置置于于句句首首以以表表示示强强调调时时，其其句句中中的的主主谓谓须须用用倒倒装装结结构构。这这些些否否定定词词包包括括no, no, little, little, hardly, hardly, seldom, seldom

10、, never, never, not not only, only, not not untiluntil等等。本本题题的的正正常常语语序序是是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.Not Not until until the the early early years years of of the the 19th 19th century century _ _ what what heat is.heat is.

11、A. man did knowA. man did know B. man know B. man know C. C. didndidnt man knowt man know D. did man knowD. did man know答答案案D D. . 看看到到Not Not untiluntil的的句句型型，我我们们知知道道为为一一倒倒装装句句，答答案案在在C C，D D 中中选选一一个个。改改写写为为正正常常语语序序为为，Man Man did did not not know know what what heat heat is is until until the the e

12、arly early years years of of the the 19th. 19th. 现现在在将将notnot提提前前，后后面面就就不不能再用否定了能再用否定了, ,否则意思就变了。否则意思就变了。 3 3 3 3、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装如如: Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly h

13、ad she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.典型例题典型例题典型例题典型例题 No sooner _ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun答答案案D. 以以具具有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词放放在在句句首首时时，一一般般采采用用倒

14、倒装装句句(谓谓语语前前置置)。这这类类表表示示否否定定意意义义的的词词有有never, never, seldom, seldom, scarcely, scarcely, little, little, few, few, not, not, hardly, hardly, 以以以以及及及及not not onlybut onlybut (also), (also), no no soonerthan, soonerthan, hardly hardly when scarcely whenwhen scarcely when等等。等等。注注注注意意意意：只只有有当当Not only bu

15、t also连连接接两两个个分分句句时时，才才在在第第一一个个分分句句用用倒倒装装结结构构。如如果果置置于于句句首首的的Not only but also仅仅连连接接两两个个并并列列词词语，不可用倒装结构。语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.4 4 4 4、so, neither, norso, neither, norso, neither, norso, neither, nor 作部分倒装作部分倒装作部分倒装作部分倒装 表示表示“ “也也” ”、“ “也不也不” ” 的句子要部分倒装，例如：的句子要部分倒装，例如： To

16、m can speak French. So can Jack. Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I. If you wont go, neither will I.典型例题典型例题 - - Do you know Jim Do you know Jim quarrelledquarrelled with his brother? with his brother? - I dont know, _. - I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care A. nor dont

17、I careB. nor do I careB. nor do I care C. I dont care neither C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care alsoD. I dont care also答答案案B B B B。nornor为为增增补补意意思思 也也不不关关心心 ，因因此此句句子子应应倒倒装装。A.A.错错在在用用 dont dont 再次否定，再次否定，C. neither C. neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。用法不对且缺乏连词。D. D. 缺乏连词。缺乏连词。注注意意：当当soso引引出出的的句句子子用用以以对对上上文文内内容容

18、加加以以证证实实或或肯肯定定时时，不不可可用倒装结构。意为用倒装结构。意为 的确如此的确如此 。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. “Its raining hard.” “So it is.” “Its raining hard.” “So it is.”5 5 5 5、as, thoughas, thoughas, thoughas, though 引导的倒装句引导的倒装句引导的倒装句引导的倒装句 as / though引引导导

19、的的让让步步从从句句必必须须将将表表语语或或状状语语提提前前（形形容容词词, 副词副词, 分词分词, 实义动词提前），例如：实义动词提前），例如： Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study. Child as he is, he knows something of electricity. Tired as he was, he continued to work. Young as she was, she was already director of a factory. Try hard as he will, h

20、e never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意：注意：注意：注意： 1) 句句首首名名词词不不能能带带任任何何冠冠词词。句句首首是是实实义义动动词词, 其其他他助助动动词词放放在在主主语语后后。如如果果实实义义动动词词有有宾宾语语和和状状语语,随随实实义义动动词词一一起起放放在在主主语之前。语之前。 2) 让让步步状状语语从从句句中中，有有though，although时时，后后面面的的主主句句不不能能有有 but，但是但是 though 和和yet可连用。可连用。 6 6 6 6、onlyonlyonlyonly在句首要倒装的情况在句首

21、要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况 Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only Only after after being being asked asked three three times times did did he he come come to to the the meeting.meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如：如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如： Only w

22、hen he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.7 7 7 7、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装1) 1) so that so that 句型中的句型中的so so 位于句首时，需倒装。位于句首时，需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. So frightened was he that he did not dare

23、to move an inch.2) 2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：在某些表示祝愿的句型中： May you all be happy. May you all be happy.3) 3) 在在虚虚拟拟语语气气条条件件句句中中从从句句谓谓语语动动词词有有were, were, had, had, shouldshould等等词词，可可将将if if 省省略略，把把 were, were, had, had, should should 移移到到主主语语之之前前，采采取取部部分分倒倒装。装。 Were I you, I would try it again. Were I you, I wou

24、ld try it again.典型例题：典型例题：典型例题：典型例题：1. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know2. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize3. Do you kn

25、ow Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also答案为答案为D。 Not until 引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。答案为答案为B。 Not until 引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。答答案案为为B。句句中中的的nor引引出出部部分分倒倒装装结结构构，表表示示也也不不。由由 so, neither, nor引引导导的的倒

26、倒装装句句，表表示示前前一一情情况况的的重重复复出出现现。其其中中, so用用于肯定句于肯定句, 而而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。用在否定句中。 倒装句考查热点归纳倒装句考查热点归纳一、与一、与only有关的倒装句有关的倒装句1. (2004重重庆庆)I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.A. I realized B. I had realizedC. had I realized D. did I realize2. (2001北京北京) _

27、can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard3. (2005福建福建)Only after my friend came _.A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired4. (2001上上海海春春季季)Only when th

28、e war was over _ to his hometown.A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returnedC. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did returnCDCA5. (2003上海上海)Only when your identity has been checked _.A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed inC. will you allow in D. will you be al

29、lowed in解解题题要要领领：only引引导导的的倒倒装装句句的的结结构构是是：only+副副词词介词短语状语从句介词短语状语从句+助动词助动词+句子剩余部分。句子剩余部分。技巧点拨：技巧点拨：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装；修饰主语时，不需要倒装；倒倒装装是是把把助助动动词词提提前前，而而不不是是把把谓谓语语动动词词提提前前。同同时还需考虑题目的时态及语态；时还需考虑题目的时态及语态；倒倒装装是是指指主主句句的的语语序序倒倒装装，only修修饰饰的的状状语语从从句句或或句子中的其它附属从句语序不变。句子中的其它附属从句语序不变。D二、与二、与not onlybut also有关的倒装句有

30、关的倒装句1. (1991上海卷上海卷)Not only _ polluted, but _ crowded.A. was the city; were the streets B. the city was; the streets wereC. was the city; the streets were D. the city was; were the streets2. (2002上上海海春春季季卷卷)Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest.A. the teacher himself

31、 is; all hisB. the teacher himself is; are allC. is the teacher himself; are allD. is the teacher himself; all his3. (2004上上海海卷卷) _ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they boughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only broug

32、ht theyD. Not only they did bringCDB解解题题要要领领：not only引引导导的的倒倒装装句句结结构构为为：not only+助助动动词词+句子剩余部分。句子剩余部分。not onlybut also在在连连接接两两个个句句子子时时，前前面面的的句句子子要要倒倒装，后面的句子不倒装。装，后面的句子不倒装。技巧点拨：识别此类题目干扰项的特点：技巧点拨：识别此类题目干扰项的特点：两个句子都倒装；或者两个句子都不倒装；两个句子都倒装；或者两个句子都不倒装；前面的句子不倒装，后面的句子倒装；前面的句子不倒装，后面的句子倒装；缺少助动词。缺少助动词。三、与三、与nei

33、ther有关的倒装句有关的倒装句1. (2004广广东东卷卷)Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives.A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there2. (2004全全国国卷卷)I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible._.A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same wi

34、th me D. So do ICB解解题题要要领领：neithernor放放在在句句首首，表表示示前前面面的的否否定定内内容容也也适适用于另一个人或物。用于另一个人或物。技巧点拨：技巧点拨：neithernor引导的倒装结构为：引导的倒装结构为：neithernor+助助动词动词+主语主语(there be句型应为句型应为there)。 四四、与否定副词有关的倒装句与否定副词有关的倒装句1. (1995全全国国卷卷)Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villa

35、gers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizeD. didnt the villagers realize2. (2000上海上海)Not a single song _ at yesterdays party.A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing3. (2000北北京京卷卷) I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my 1ife _ so happy.A.did I fe

36、el B. I felt B.C. I had felt D. had I fellACD4. (2003全全国国卷卷) The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _ with each other.A. they had quarreledB. they have quarreledC. have they quarreledD. had they quarreled5. (2005上上海海)Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport tha

37、n it is today.A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was6. (2005天天津津)They have a good knowledge of English but little _ they know about German.A. have B. did C. had D. doCAD解解题题要要领领：否否定定词词引引导导的的倒倒装装句句的的结结构构是是：否否定定词词+句句子子名名词词+助动词助动词+句子剩余部分。句子剩余部分。考考点点延延伸伸：类类似似的的考考点点结结构

38、构有有：littleseldomhardlyoftenmany a timerarelyin no wayscarcelyat no timenowhere . +助助动动词词+句句子子剩剩余余部部分分；no sooner hadthan(一一就就)；hardly had when (一一就就)等结构。等结构。五、与五、与as有关的倒装句有关的倒装句1. (2001上上海海)_ _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled

39、 so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much2. (2005重重庆庆) _, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a 0uiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student3. (2005广东广东) _, Carolina couldnt get the d

40、oor open.A. Try as she mightB. As she might tryC. She might as try D. Might she as tryCBA解解题题要要领领：as引引导导的的倒倒装装句句的的结结构构是是：形形容容词词副副词词名名词词动动词词+as+主谓。主谓。技巧点拨：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词技巧点拨：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词 .六、与虚拟条件句有关的倒装句六、与虚拟条件句有关的倒装句1. (1994全全国国卷卷)_ it rain tomorrow，we would have t0 put 0ff the visit to Yan

41、gpu Bridge.A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will2. (1995上上海海卷卷)_for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.A. If it is not B. Were it notC. Had it not been D. If they were notBC解题要领解题要领：在：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若省略了引导的虚拟条件句中，若省略了if，则直接把则直接把were, had或或should等助动词放在句首。其余的句子成分顺序等助动词放在句首。其余的句子成

42、分顺序不改变。不改变。七、与七、与so有关的倒装句有关的倒装句1. (2005全全国国卷卷III)Mary never does any reading in the evening, _.A. so does John B. John does tooC. John doesnt too D. nor does John2. (2005湖北湖北)Father, you promised!Well, _. But it was you who didnt keep your word first.A. so was I B. so did I C. so 1 was D. so I did3.

43、 (2005江江苏苏) _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A. So curions the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple wereD. The couple was such curiousDDB4. (2005辽辽宁宁)Well I do think the rabbit is a beautiful，gentle animal which can r

44、un very flast._.A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it doesA八、与八、与however有关的倒装句有关的倒装句1. (1997全全国国卷卷)_, mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is he B. However he is lateB. However is he late D. However late he is2. (2004上上海海春春季季)_, I have to put it away and focus my

45、 attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing3. (2004湖湖北北卷卷)You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do.A. however B. no matter C. although D. whateverDCA4. (

46、2005天天津津)He tried his best to solve the problem, _difficult it was.A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. althoughA解解题题要要领领：however倒倒装装的的结结构构为为：however+形形容容词词(名名词词)副词副词+从句主谓。其余的句子成分顺序不改变从句主谓。其余的句子成分顺序不改变。考点延伸考点延伸：类似的考点结构有：类似的考点结构有：no matter how+形容词副词形容词副词+从句主谓。例如：从句主谓。例如：No matter how difficult the

47、problem is, we must manage to solve it. 无论问题有多么困难，我们都必须设法无论问题有多么困难，我们都必须设法解决。解决。 5. (2005安安徽徽)Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. _, and so did I.A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she6. (2001上上海海)So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to le

48、arn English well.A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feelCD解解题题要要领领：1. sothat引引导导的的倒倒装装句句的的结结构构为为：so+形形容容词词副副词词+主主句句助助动动词词+句句子子剩剩余余部部分分。注注意意：从从句句不不倒倒装装。2. 若若so放放在在句句首首，表表示示前前面面的的肯肯定定内内容容也也适适用用于于另另一一个个人人或或物物。其其结结构构为为：so+助助动动词词+主主语语(there be句句型型应应为为there)。注注意意：“so+主主语语+助动词助动词”这一结构的意思是：这一结构的意思是：确实这样。确实这样。考点延伸考点延伸：类似的考点结构有：类似的考点结构有：suchthat引导的倒装句。其引导的倒装句。其结构为：结构为：such+aan+形容词形容词+名词名词+主句助动词主句助动词+句子剩余部分。句子剩余部分。例如：例如：Such a difficult problem is it that no one can work it out。这道题如此之难，没有一个人能算出来。这道题如此之难，没有一个人能算出来。 Good-bye!