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1、Welcome to our English class 七选五七选五任务型阅读解题技巧 （Gap-filling） 基于主旨大意的任务基于主旨大意的任务型阅读解题指导型阅读解题指导题型解读题型解读1.选材特点：300词左右的说明文或议论文，正文240词左右，选项60词左右2.设空类型：标题类、段落主题句类、过渡句类、细节类3.选项特点：完整句子，按长度排列。考察重点考察重点 主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。(考试说明)Main idea of the textLogic of the context （Gap-filling） Part I Experienc
2、ingPart II SharingPart III Applying (应用应用)Part IV Summarizing (总结总结)Part V Enhancing (提高提高)1.How to get the main idea of the a text?The titleThe first paragraphThe last paragraph2.How to get the main idea of each paragraph?The first sentence (topic sentence)The last sentence (topic sentence)Main ide
3、a of the text:Five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesightTopic sentence of each paragraph: Schedule yearly exams Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight.P.1: P.4:P.2:P.3:P.5:Protect against UV rays._.Give your eyes a break.P.6:Practice safe wear and care of contact lense
4、s.Schedule yearly exams. 36 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6-12 months of age to the doctor for careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses. A. Eat your greens. B. Eye care should begin early in life. G
5、. Parents usually dont care about their own eyesight.Sharing and discussing干扰项干扰项Top sentence 人生的早期人生的早期=6到到12个月的婴儿（同范畴）个月的婴儿（同范畴） From my experience, there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money is a topic Ill save for another day. So today I want
6、 to give, you some wisdom about how to make the most of them time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: （14年课标全国年课标全国2）A.Try new things.B.Ability is easily improved.G. A little time planning ahead can same a lot of work later on.干扰项干扰项同词复现同词复现top senten
7、ceSummary: 七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧1：词汇复现词汇复现1）复现：作者在文章上下文不同的位置对）复现：作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同同一个概念一个概念进行进行重复重复描述。描述。复现关系：复现关系：原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现等现、反义词复现、派生词复现等。2）同范畴词：）同范畴词：是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇的词汇在文章中共同出现。你可以在文章中共同出现。你可以在选项中找在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。从而达到快而准。Protect against UV
8、 rays(紫紫外外线线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. 37 B. Eye care should begin early in life.C. They can properly protect your eyes.top sentence代词线索代词线索Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up
9、to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 37 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.F. Always follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.G. This frequent eye activity increase the
10、 risk for eye tiredness top sentence代词线索代词线索干扰项干扰项Summary: 七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧2：代词提示代词提示 代词是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概代词是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的词的单复数差异单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。可以准确而快速地解题。it:单数名词或整个句子；单数名词或整个句子；they/them:复数名词；复数名词；one:单数可数名词；单数可数名词；that:不可数名词或句子；不可数名词或句子；this:单数名词或句子；单数名词或句子；these/t
11、hose:前句的复数名词。前句的复数名词。 39 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维维生生素素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote dye health.A. Eat your greens.D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins. top sentence篇章结构篇章结构干扰项干扰项小标题，简明小标题，简明P.5:_39_. Schedule yearly examsP
12、.4:P.2:P.3:Protect against UV rays.Give your eyes a break. From my experience, there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money is a topic Ill save for another day. So today I want to give, you some wisdom about how to make the most of them time you sp
13、end in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: （14年课标全国年课标全国2）A.Try new things.B.Ability is easily improved.G. A little time planning ahead can same a lot of work later on.干扰项干扰项同词复现同词复现top sentenceSummary: 七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧3：1）考察空为小标题，则根据所在小段落的内容进行考察空为小标题，则根据所在小段落的内容进行总
14、结归纳。总结归纳。注意标题的简洁性注意标题的简洁性！2）若考察空非小标题，则根据试题所在位置确定不同）若考察空非小标题，则根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略的解题策略 如果如果问题在段首问题在段首 通常是段落主题句通常是段落主题句。根据段落一致性原则根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。如果问题在段尾如果问题在段尾 通常是通常是结论、概括性语句结论、概括性语句。注意在。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词总结等的信号词，如，如the
15、refore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语等词语，选项中也可选项中也可发现前文的同义词句发现前文的同义词句。Practice safe wear and care of cantact lenses (隐隐形形眼眼镜镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, m
16、any are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 40 otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.F. Always follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.G. This frequent eye activity increase the risk for eye tiredness.top sentence代词
17、线索代词线索转折关系转折关系 Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. _40_（15年北京）年北京）E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, whi
18、ch may be hard to understand.G. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.因果关系因果关系 过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：A, 并列关系并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),.；First, then/next,.；In the first place， in the second place.;for one thing,for anoth
19、er thing ,.；then /next ,finally/last 等。等。B, 递进递进关系关系：besidefurther ,furthermore ,moreover ,whats more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not .but. ,not only .but also等。等。C, 解解释释例例证证关系关系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等等Su
20、mmary: 七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧4（逻辑关系）（逻辑关系）：D, 因果关系因果关系： so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(结结果）果） ,as a result (of), so/ such .that .,so that .等等E, 转转折折对对比关系比关系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / compari
21、son 等等F, 概况概况归纳归纳关系关系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。等。Enhancing the skills by Practicing纯空格试题纯空格试题考点考点: 连词连词 两个句子间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格填两个句子间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格填 _。分析句子结构。分析句子结构, 由句子之间的逻辑关系来决定由句子之间的逻辑关系来决定
22、是是_还是还是_；分清主句与从句；分清主句与从句,弄清弄清从句在整个句子中作何种成分，确定是从句在整个句子中作何种成分，确定是_、_ 还是还是_. 连词连词并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词定语从句定语从句名词性从句名词性从句状语从句状语从句Practice Makes Perfect!fill in the blankfill in the blank七选五高考题型七选五高考题型 给出一篇缺少给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，个句子的文章，对应有对应有7个选项，要求同学们根个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。句子，填入相应的空白处。考试
23、题型考试题型 考察重点考察重点n主要考察考生对主要考察考生对文章的整体内容文章的整体内容和和结结构构以及以及上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。的理解和掌握。（考试说明）（考试说明）七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧方法方法n 看文章结构看文章结构n 找关键词找关键词n 找逻辑关系找逻辑关系n 排除法排除法Step 1 Structure 文章结构文章结构Be an inventor The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but its true. May
24、be you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the truth.What to expect at high school Are you super worried about what to expect at high school? Well, guess what? Everyone is! The following tips will help guide you safely through your first day!Spring picnic With spring in full
25、swing, theres no better way to celebrate the season than with a picnic.大标题大标题大标题大标题大标题大标题短小精悍，大写短小精悍，大写1小标题小标题短小精悍，结构一致短小精悍，结构一致 Be on time When meeting someone for . Introduce yourself and ask for names Make sure you properly. Smile! Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice! Be fun!
26、Listen! 小标题小标题小标题小标题2 Smile! Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice! Be fun! Listen! _ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today.A. Change!B. Ask a question!C. Class work is a great icebreaker.D. Say “hello” and see what happens.E. And dont just tal
27、k about yourself all the time.F. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.G. We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.B 2 Be fun! _ Think about the people you most enjoy being withusually they are always on the up and up. Being fun makes people happy and brightens the w
28、ay they think of you. It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face. A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Classwork is a great icebreaker.D.Say “hello” and see what happens.E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can mana
29、ge a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.G段首段首段首段首概括文段，与概括文段，与概括文段，与概括文段，与小标题相呼应。小标题相呼应。小标题相呼应。小标题相呼应。3 How fast can a home remodeling(改造改造) project be completed? _ At least, thats the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces.A.About 48
30、hours.B.Wow! Thats great!C.But you didnt see that on the show.D.They loved redecorating their neighbors place.E.It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home.F.But one couple in Portland, Oregon, hated their new room.G.The people who appear on the show are actors and they enjoy the experience.
31、4A段中段中承上启下承上启下 They work a lot more. Almost every extremely successful person works more hours than the average persona lot more. They have long lists of things they want to get done. _A.They avoid the crowds.B.They are never too proud.C.Decide where you want to end up.D.So they have to put in lots
32、of time.E.Keep in mind selling isnt controlling.F.Successful people dont try to win just one race.G.But youll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.5D段尾段尾段尾段尾总结，总结，总结，总结，承上启下承上启下承上启下承上启下小结一小结一 Structure 文章结文章结 构构 n 大标题大标题n 小标题小标题n 段首段首n 段中段中n 段尾段尾15432Step 2 Key words关键词关键词1nBefore you shake
33、 hands with somebody, make sure that your hands are clean. The handshake should not be too strong or weak. Most people use their right hands, unless they have a reason to use the left._A.It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby.B.Youll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a b
34、ad impression.C.However, dont have your left hand in your pockets because this appears impolite.C同词重复同词重复2A birthday surprise Nathan woke up early and raced into the kitchen. He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._ Where was his birthday cake? Did his family forget hi
35、s special day?A.And there was nobody.B.Where were his birthday presents?C.All he saw was a not no the ground.B同构复现同构复现34Dont forget to wear a helmet(头盔头盔) Whether youre a beginner or an expert, youre going to fall, and sometimes youre going to fall hard. “I went down to one run that was pretty hard,
36、” Nate, a skiing learner, says, “_3 ”You dont have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(装备装备) Some skiers who owned nice winter jackets couldnt go on the trip. 4 “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear. That was very helpful,” says 13-year-old Matt Rizer.A.Dont worry about falling.B.
37、I felt like I was learning pretty quickly.C.I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet.D.Dont think that you ski well enough not to wear a helmet. E.So they lent their clothes to other skiers. CE同畴词同畴词同构词同构词同构词同构词n fall fell （不同时态）（不同时态）n beauty beautifuln act action （不同词性）（不同词性）n n mate room
38、mate n police policeman （相同词根）（相同词根）同畴词同畴词 （畴：范畴）n jacket(夹克) clothes (衣服)夹克是衣服中的一种。如：fruit： apple, orange, banana furniture(家具)： bed, table, armchair sports: running, swimming, jumping类别类别具体具体5nSometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents._A.There are two types of parents love.B.It see
39、ms a happy feeling to get out of parents control.近义词近义词B When we change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. _ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.A.Making new friends comes easy for some people.B.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch
40、.6A反义词反义词小结三小结三 Key words 关键词关键词n同词重复同词重复n同构复现（相同句型结构，相同词不同同构复现（相同句型结构，相同词不同结构）结构）n同畴词同畴词n近义词近义词n反义词反义词n Tip: 就近原则就近原则Step 3 Logical relationship 逻辑关系逻辑关系n1. _ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市), in India.nA. Sometimes they even write the script by hand.nB. Most people think the capital
41、of the movie is Hollywood, in the USA.B转折转折n2. _ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not.nA. Some people succeed, while others may not.nB. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”A因果因果n3._ In the other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse t
42、o see anything bad about that person.nA. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”nB. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.A解释解释n4. Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second, your notes are excellent materials to
43、 refer to when you are studying for a test.nA. You must write your notes on separate paper.nB. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.B并列并列（顺序）（顺序）小结三小结三 Logical Relationship 逻辑关系逻辑关系n转折转折n因果因果n解释解释n并列（顺序）并列（顺序）常见的逻辑关系词常见的逻辑关系词并列并列： also, t
44、oo, then, and, as well as, not onlybut also, first, second, firstly, next, for one thing, for another thing, eitheror, neithernor因果因果： for, because, because of, such, since, as, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, as a result, consequently, so转折转折： however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though,
45、 yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise, but, while.解释解释： in fact, actually, for example, in other words, as a matter of fact, that is to say.递进递进： further, furthermore, more over, whats more, besides
46、, in addition, not onlybut alsoStep 4 排除法排除法(市一模) Focus on what you love to do together. The gift you choose should tell a story Think about their interests and hobbies. The gift you choose should be something that is close to his or her heart _38_ You will want to strike the right balance between a
47、 gift that is popular but also unique to themA.Check out what is hot.B.Stay within your budget.C.So, can you find them as a gift that is memorable and yet practical enough to be used daily?排除法与其排除法与其他方法相结合他方法相结合Lets review 回顾回顾nMethods 方法方法nSteps 步骤步骤Lets try!nTips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule （1
48、4年全国年全国卷）卷）n From my experience, there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability, money and time, _36_Money is a topic Ill save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for grea
49、t cooking on a tight schedule:n Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think about of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials ready?_37_n Make your time worth it. When you do f
50、ind time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? _38_ it takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.n _39_ This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making coo
51、king worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.n Hopefully that gives you a good s
52、tart. _40_ and dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!nA. Try new things. nB. Ability is easily improved.nC. Make three or four instead.nD. Understand your food better.nE. Cooking is a burden for many people.nF. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.nG. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.Keys: BGCAFThe end!
