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1、Module5Unit4Module5Unit4 GrammarGrammarInversion语法精解语法精解1.倒装倒装 Inversions 英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语谓语在后。把谓语放在主语之前叫倒装结在后。把谓语放在主语之前叫倒装结构。全部谓语放在主语之前叫构。全部谓语放在主语之前叫全部倒全部倒装装; 只把助动词或只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之动词放在主语之前就叫前就叫部分倒装部分倒装。 基本语序基本语序natural ordersubject 主主+ predicate 谓谓+object 宾宾 I love English.predicate
2、 + subject助动词助动词auxiliary/情态动词情态动词modal verb + subject + v +完全倒装完全倒装full inversion部分倒装部分倒装partial inversionHere came the headmaster.Nerve will I forgive you.全部倒装全部倒装1. 用于用于 there be 句型。句型。 2. There are many students in the classroom.主语位于谓语主语位于谓语are there之后之后原句自然顺序是：原句自然顺序是：Many students are there in
3、 the classroom.1There_attheentrancetothevalley.A.didanoldpinetreestandB.stoodanoldpinetreeC.didstoodanoldpinetreeD.standanoldpinetree其中其中be可换为可换为appear，enter，come，exist，happen，lie，live，remain，seem，stand等动等动词。词。There exist some serious problems in the management of the company.公司的管理上存在一些严重的公司的管理上存在一些
4、严重的问题。问题。(2)由副词由副词here，there，now，thus，then或或in，out，away，up，off，down，back，over等开头的句等开头的句子，谓语动词是子，谓语动词是be，come，follow，go，begin等，且主语是名词时。等，且主语是名词时。表表示强调示强调There comes the bell. Our teacher comes in with a book in his hand.铃声响了，我们的老师手里拿着铃声响了，我们的老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。一本书走了进来。 Here comes the bus. There goes the b
5、ell.Now comes our turn. Out went the children. 注意：注意：代词作主语时代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。主谓语序不变。Here it is. In he comes.Here you are.2.Acrosstheriver_.A.liesanewbuiltbridgeB.liesanewlybuiltbridgeC.anewbuiltbridgeliesD.anewlybuiltbridgelies3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。也常引起全部倒装。South of the city lies
6、a big steel factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.Under the tree stands a little boy.划线的均是表示地点划线的均是表示地点状语的介词词组状语的介词词组,并并且是位于句首。且是位于句首。4. 表语置于句首时表语置于句首时, 倒装结构采用倒装结构采用“表语连系动词主语表语连系动词主语”的结构的结构1)形容词连系动词主语形容词连系动词主语2) Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other g
7、uests.2) 过去分词连系动词主语过去分词连系动词主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.3) 介词连系动词主语介词连系动词主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.漫山遍野长满了野花。漫山遍野长满了野花。5. 为了保持句子结构平衡为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表或为了强调表语或状语语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。或为了使上下文结构紧
8、凑。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.强调状语强调状语保持句子结构平衡保持句子结构平衡3._fromthetenthfloorwhenthepolicemanpointedhispistolathim.A.JumpeddowntheburglarB.DowntheburglarjumpedC.Thebur
9、glarjumpeddownD.Downjumpedtheburglar4Seeingthepolicemancoming,away_A.theboysranB.rantheboysC.didtheboysrunD.theboysrun5“WhereisKate?”“Look,_.Sheisattheschoolgate.”A.theresheisB.thereissheC.hereyouareD.hereitis6_arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB.GoC.TogoD.Going1. 用于疑问句用于疑问句 Do you spea
10、k English?2. 用于省略用于省略if 的虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.由由 If you had reviewed your lessons 这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。部分倒装部分倒装7_computersnotbeenused，itwouldhavetakenthemalongtimetosolvetheproblem。AIfhaveB。HaveC。IfhadD。HadIftheboywereolder,hecould
11、gotoschool.Weretheboyolder,hecouldgotoschool.8.yourletter,Iwouldhavestartedofftwodaysago.A.IfIreceivedB.ShouldIreceiveC.IfIcouldhavereceivedD.HadIreceivedIfIhadreceivedyourletter,9.Ifitrainnextweek,thefarmerscouldstillhaveagoodharvest.A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.mightShoulditrainnextweek,10Ifthesun_tomo
12、rrow，whatwouldwedo？AwouldnotriseB。shouldnotriseC。hadnotrisenD。doesnotrise11Ifmylawyer_herelastSaturday,he_mefromgoingA.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented3. 用于用于“形容词形容词(或名词、动词或名词、动词) as (though)” 引导的让步状语从句。引导的让步状语从句。 Pretty as she is, she is n
13、ot clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they dont know how to spend it.Child as sheis,sheknowsalot.Thoughsheisachild,sheknowsalot.Busy asheis,heinsistsonstudying.Thoughheisbusy,he.Tryashemight,Tomcouldnotgetoutofthedifficulties.Thoughhemighttry,Tomcouldnotgetoutofthediffi
14、culties.MuchasIlikethehouse,Icantaffordtobuyit.12Late_,shestillcontinuedherexperimentinthelab.A.AlthoughitwasB.asitwasC.aswasitD.itthoughwas4. 用于用于no sooner than, hardly when 和和 not until的句型中。的句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework
15、.13Hardly_thestation_thebusarrived.A.Ihadreached;whenB.hadIreached;thenC.Ihadreached;then D.hadIreached;when14.Notuntil_thework_tobed.A.didhefinish;hewentB.hefinished;hewentC.hefinished;didhegoD.hefinished;hadhegone5. 用于用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely
16、, little, not a bit 等否定词开头的等否定词开头的句子里。句子里。 Never shall I do this again. At no time can you say “no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.notonly.butalso.连接两个连接两个并列分句时，前一个分句采用部并列分句时，前一个分句采用部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。Notonlyarethestudentsplantingtrees，but(also)theteacheris.不仅学生们在植树，不仅学
17、生们在植树，老师也是。老师也是。not until.句型中前面的从句不句型中前面的从句不倒装，后面的主句用部分倒装。倒装，后面的主句用部分倒装。Not until I reached home did I find that I had lost the wallet.直到回直到回到家我才发现钱包丢了。到家我才发现钱包丢了。no sooner.than.，hardly.when.句型后面的从句不倒句型后面的从句不倒装，前面的主句采用部分倒装。装，前面的主句采用部分倒装。Hardly had Tom got home when the phone rang.汤姆刚到家，电话就响了。汤姆刚到家，电
18、话就响了。15.Bynomeans_lookdownuponthepoor.A.weshouldB.shouldweC.oughtweD.weshall16.Atnotime,neithertodaynorinthefuture,_lookdownuponeducation.A.willweneverB.wewillC.weshouldD.willwe17_seenhimbefore,_tellyouhisname?A.NeverhaveI;howIcanB.Ihavenever;howIcanC.NeverhaveI;howcanID.Ineverhave;howcanI6. 用于用于onl
19、y开头的句子开头的句子(only位于句首位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句) Only in this way can you learn English well. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.【温馨提示温馨提示】only修饰的状语修饰的状语如果不是句子，或者修饰状语但不如果不是句子，或者修饰状语但不位于句首时，主谓也不倒装。位于句首时，主谓也不倒装。Only his brother is right.只有他只有他哥哥是对的。哥哥是对的。18_succeedindoinga
20、nything.A.OnlybyworkinghardwecanB.ByonlyworkinghardwecanC.OnlywecanbyworkinghardD.Onlybyworkinghardcanwe19.Onlyyesterday_howhappyalifeshehadbeenlivingwithTom.A.sherealizedB.didsherealizeC.shehadrealizedD.hadsherealized7. 用于用于 so, nor, neither 开头的句子开头的句子,表示表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。时
21、态形式一致。 He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing. So have I. So he has我也去过。我也去过。是的，他确实去过。是的，他确实去过。I dont want to know him，neither (nor) do I want to learn anything about him.我不想认识他，也不想了解他的任何情况。我不想认识他，也不想了解他的任何情况。【温馨提示温馨提示】当当so表示表示“是的，确
22、实是的，确实如此如此”，其引出的句子用以对上文内容加以，其引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，主谓不倒装。证实或肯定时，主谓不倒装。Betty is a good girl.贝蒂是个好姑贝蒂是个好姑娘。娘。Yes，so she is.是的，的确如此。是的，的确如此。20.Nancyworksinashopand_.A.sodoesAlanB.soAlantoodoesC.thatdoesAlantooD.thatAlantoodoes21.Sheneverlaughed,_losehertemper.A.orsheeverdidB.nordidsheeverC.ordidsheeverD
23、.norsheeverdid8. 在在 so / such that 的结构中的结构中,若若so 置于句首置于句首,则句子部分倒装则句子部分倒装 So difficult a problem is it that I cant work it out. Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.such作表语，置于句首，意为作表语，置于句首，意为“就是如此就是如此”。Suchwerehiswords.Suchwaswhathesaid.他就是这样说的。他就是这样说的。9.如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人所如果直接引语后注明引语是什
24、么人所说的说的, 主语是名词时主语是名词时, 用倒装结构。主用倒装结构。主语是代词时语是代词时, 一般不用倒装结构。一般不用倒装结构。 “ Let go,” said the man / he said.10.用于用于 某些祝愿的句子。某些祝愿的句子。 May you succeed. 1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also配套练习配套练习. Mul
25、tiple choices.2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realized 3. Only in this way _ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 4. Hardly _ whe
26、n it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive 5. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made b
27、y him C. he made D. he had made 7. No sooner _ his talk than he _ by the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded near 8. Little _ know about verbs, Franz _ his head. A. did he; dare not lift B. he;
28、 dare not lift C. did he; dare not to lift D. doesnt; doesnt dare lift 9. Not only _ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes10. I finally got the job. Never in all life_ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt 11. In no country _ Br
29、itain, it has been said, _ experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A. other than; one can B. other than; can one C. rather than; one can D. rather than; can one12. _ a mobile phone can you ring _ you want to talk with anywhere. A. Using; whoever B. Only on; whoever C. With; whoever D. Using; whomever
