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1、Robert-LowellRobert-LowellprocedureslifewritingPoetry collectionOther informationinfluenceBornBornRobert Traill Spence Lowell IV Robert Traill Spence Lowell IV 1 March 1917(1917-03-01) 1 March 1917(1917-03-01)Boston, Massachusetts, USABoston, Massachusetts, USADiedDied12 September 1977(1977-09-12) (
2、aged12 September 1977(1977-09-12) (aged 60)60)New York City, New York, USANew York City, New York, USAPeriodPeriod1944-19771944-1977Spouse(s)Spouse(s)Jean Stafford (1940-1948)Jean Stafford (1940-1948)Elizabeth Hardwick (1949-1972)Elizabeth Hardwick (1949-1972)Caroline Blackwood (1972-1977)Caroline B
3、lackwood (1972-1977)ChildrenChildrenHarriet Lowell, Sheridan LowellHarriet Lowell, Sheridan LowellRelative(s)Relative(s)Amy Lowell, James Russell Lowell, Amy Lowell, James Russell Lowell, A. Lawrence LowellA. Lawrence LowellBasic InformationSt. Marks high school: Richard Eberhart St. Marks high scho
4、ol: Richard Eberhart Harvard CollegeHarvard CollegeStudy at Kenyon College: John Crowe Ransom Study at Kenyon College: John Crowe Ransom and Allen Tate. and Allen Tate. Converted from Episcopalianism to Catholicism Converted from Episcopalianism to Catholicism Imprisonment in World War IIImprisonmen
5、t in World War II (Memories of West Street and Lepke ) (Memories of West Street and Lepke )Taught at many famous universitiesTaught at many famous universitiesIllness: suffered from manic depressionIllness: suffered from manic depressionLife ExperiencePoetry collections The Mills of The Kavanaughs(1
6、951) Life Studies (1959) 1950s1940sFormal, ornate and concerned with violence and theology A mix of free and metered verse with much more informal language Land of Unlikeness(1944) Lord Wearys Castle(1946) 1970s1960sPhaedra (translation) (1961) Imitations (1961) For the Union Dead (1964) The Old Glo
7、ry (1965) Near the Ocean (1967) Notebook 1967-1968 (1969)Prometheus Bound (1969) History (1973) For Lizzie and Harriet (1973) The Dolphin (1973) Day by Day (1977) The Oresteia of Aeschylus (1978) Based on sonnetsTrilogyTrilogy derived from Notebook ： History For Lizzie and Harriet The DolphinWriting
8、 CareerWorld HistoryBreak down of his second marriageabout his daughter ,ex-wife, new wifeinfluenceLowell was the last great public poet in the U.S., one who had more than once managed to reshape the direction modern American poetry.Lowell was considered the founder of the confessional poetry moveme
9、nt.Confessional poetry is the poetry of the personal or Confessional poetry is the poetry of the personal or I. This style of writing emerged in the late 1950s and I. This style of writing emerged in the late 1950s and early 1960s .In 1959 M. L. Rosenthal first used the early 1960s .In 1959 M. L. Ro
10、senthal first used the term confessional in a review of Robert Lowells Life term confessional in a review of Robert Lowells Life Studies entitled Poetry as Confession.Studies entitled Poetry as Confession.The confessional poetry of the mid-twentieth century The confessional poetry of the mid-twentie
11、th century dealt with subject matter that previously had not been dealt with subject matter that previously had not been openly discussed in American poetry. Private openly discussed in American poetry. Private experiences with and feelings about death, trauma, experiences with and feelings about de
12、ath, trauma, depression and relationships were addressed in this depression and relationships were addressed in this type of poetry, often in an autobiographical manner.type of poetry, often in an autobiographical manner.Confessional poetry movement Features of The Confessional SchoolA ruthless, exc
13、ruciating self-analysis of ones own background and heritage, ones own most private desires and fantasies etc., and the urgent “Ill-tell-it-all-to-you” impulse.They were great friends, mostly through their written correspondence. They also both influenced each others poetry. The poem was in part base
14、d on Bishops poem Armadillo and Lowell wrote that her rhythms, idiom, images, and stanza structure seemed to belong to a later century. Both Skunk Hour and The Armadillo use short line stanzas, start with drifting description, and end with a single animal.Other Information- - About Elizabeth Bishop and About Elizabeth Bishop and The AmadilloThe AmadilloThank you结束结束
