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1、1定义定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。定语或状语，或是整个句子。 2准确掌握每一个连词的含义准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。3状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句类别状语从句类别: 时间状语从句时间状语从句 地点状语从句地点状语从句 原因状语从句原因状语从句 目的状语从句目的状语从句 结果状语从句结果状语从句 条件状语从句条件状语从句
2、 方式状语从句方式状语从句 比较状语从句比较状语从句 让步状语从句让步状语从句41.时间状语从句：时间状语从句： 引导时间状语从句的连词有：引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。等。请注意请注意 when, while, as 的区别的区别5When -当当时候时候, 通常指通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。句的动作同时发生。When I opened the window, I saw him come up.
3、When I have time , I will go to see you.6When I came home, I met an old schoolmate of mine. He said he would tell her about it when he saw her.*注意：注意：在时间状语从句中，主在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。一般现在时。7When - 正在正在的时候，突然的时候，突然。通常主句是进行时或。通常主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时
4、候，时，在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。可以译成没想到或突然。I was walking along the street , when I met him.I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.8One evening, little Hans was sitting near the fire when he heard a loud knock at the door.9When 当从句是进行时，主句当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。是一般时，往往表示不满。Someone knocked at the
5、door when I was having breakfast.When I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.10When the children had gone to bed, she began toprepare her lessons. When=after11While -在在期间，往往指期间，往往指一段时间。一段时间。While we were in America, we saw him twice.While we were talking, he came in.Strike while the iron is ho
6、t. 12While -表示一种不满情绪，表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。而另一边在享受等。We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.The soldier faces the powder while the beauty powder the face.13While I am washing the floor, you can be cleaning the windows. 14As - 一边一边一边一边, 随着随着She was do
7、ing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older, she became more beautiful.15As - 当当时，指一个动作时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。常用进行时。As I was going out, it began to rain.I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.16As he was eating his breakfast, he heard someone knock at the doo
8、r.Someone patted me on the shoulder as I was standing before the shop window.17The moment - 一一就就 =as soon as , immediately,-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.18Not until - 直到直到才才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.=He left the
9、 office when he finished the work.Not until 可以和可以和 when 互换互换19Before - 在在之前之前The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?20It was not long before I forgot it all.(It was /will be before 是常用句型是常用句型)He ran o
10、ff before I could stop him. 21After - 在在 之后之后The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.22Since -自从自从, 通常主句用通常主句用现在完成时现在完成时I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.The
11、 captain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became a pilot.23It is just a week since we arrived here. (It is /has been since是常用是常用句型）句型）24As soon as - 一一就就Jack went to school as soon as he got well.Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him. 25No sooner than - 一一就就No soone
12、r had he arrived than he went away again.no sooner than 用于句首用于句首要求倒装要求倒装Hardly whenScarcely when26Once you see him, you will never forget him. Once - 一但一但就就27Every time, each time 每次每次whenever 每当每当Each time he came to town, he would visit our school. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to h
13、elp us. 28 2.条件状语从句条件状语从句引导状语从句的连接词有引导状语从句的连接词有:If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition that29If -如果如果If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled.If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now. 30Unless -
14、 如果不如果不, 除非除非=if notWe cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.31Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you. He will not join us unless he changes his mind.32As long as - 只要只要We will succeed as long as we keep o
15、n trying.You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.33As (so) far as - 据据所知所知As far as I know, he speaks English very well.As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA. 34In case - 假使假使, 如果如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.Send
16、 us a message in case you have any difficulty. 35Provided that 如果如果,有时省略有时省略 thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.36On condition that - 条件是条件是He said t
17、hat he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.37注注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时则主句用将来时, 从句用一般从句用一般现在时。现在时。If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the
18、 airport.He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.383.地点状语从句地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where, wherever39Where - 在在地方地方Put the medicine where you can easily get it.Where that high building stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses.Where there is a will, there is a way.40Wh
19、erever - 无论哪里无论哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.414.原因状语从句原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, 和和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示这六个连词都用于表示表示原因表示原因, 但在语气上一个比但在语气上一个比一个弱一个弱.42Because - 因为因为,通常从句放在通常从句放在主句后主句后.Mr Smith was very upset be
20、cause he couldnt find his luggage.He said that he couldnt work because the computer was out of order.43I succeed because I willed it, I never hesitated.I do it because I like it. 44As - 因为因为, 通常放在句首通常放在句首As it is quite windy today, he decidesAs he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.45Sin
21、ce -既然既然 因语气较弱因语气较弱, 常常译为既然译为既然Since everybody has come, we can set off.Since the purser didnt tell us what to do, we can relax.46Now that - 既然既然Now that you are here, you can join us.Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.47considering that - 顾及到顾及到 Considering that they
22、 are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job. 48seeing that - 由于由于 Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided toput the meeting off. 495.结果状语从句结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so that, sothatsuchthat50So that - 太太以至于以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词后面应用形容词或副词, 有时有时省略省略so只用只用thatBoeing 747
23、 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.The flight scheduled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.51So that - 因而，以便，为了因而，以便，为了 有时有时so 可以省去可以省去Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.Speak louder please so that the people at the back c
24、an hear you.52When you skin your customers, you should leave some skin on to grow so that you can skin them again.53Such that -太太以至以至于于 用法与用法与sothat相同，但相同，但such 后面应用名词。后面应用名词。The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.54The Canadian airlines hangar is such a huge bu
25、ilding that it can hold two medium-range jets at the same time.55 6.目的状语从句目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词引导目的状语从句的主要连词有有:that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest56Lets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.(So) that - 以便以便, 从句中常常使从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, shoul
26、d等等 57in order that - 为了为了, 与与so that 相同从句中常常使用一相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等等 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm. 58for fear that - 生怕生怕; 为了防止为了防止(某事发生某事发生)He took the name down for fear that he should forget it. The instr
27、uctor emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.59in case - 万一万一 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.Please take an umbrella in case it rains.60Lest - 以防万一以防万一The man
28、decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.The manager of the workshop asked his staff to work overtime lest they wouldnt finish the task on time.617.比较状语从句比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有：引导比较状语从句的连词有：Asas, not so (as)as, .than, the more the more. 62Asas - 像像一样一样If you dont want to miss t
29、he flight, you need to be at the airport as early as possible.My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.Cultivation to the mind is as necessary as food for the body.63Not so (as) as - 不像不像The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.The flight was not so/as harmful
30、as the captain predicted.64than -比比怎么样，怎么样，用于事物间的比较，用于事物间的比较，more 后后面用形容词或副词面用形容词或副词People believe that being a stewardess is better than most of the other jobs.I personally think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones65A beautiful form is better than a beautiful face; a bea
31、utiful behavior (is) than a beautiful form.66The more, the more - 越越 越越The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed it.The more things a man is ashamed of, the more respectable he is.678.让步状语从句让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有：引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however,
32、whatever, while, whether68Although, though -虽然虽然 although 和和though 可以互换，可以互换，但但although 常放在句首。常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。可以用于倒装。Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off. Although it was not his fault, he took all the blame.69Though he did his best, he didnt succeed.Child though he was, he did
33、quite well.70As - 尽管尽管 as 引导让步状语从引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。互换。Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.Hard as she works, she makes little progress.71Even if /even though -即使即使Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your work.Even if you are not fond of flowers, you shou
34、ldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.72Even though I might be wrong, I will go my way.Even though his dean didnt mean it, he still felt embarrassed.73However - 不论，不论， however 引导让步状语从句时，句子引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装通常倒装He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.The father couldnt make his daughter smi
35、le however hard he tried.74N o matter (what, when, where, how) -无论（什么，无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）何时，何地，怎样）The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said.Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.75He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.I will find you no matter where you h
36、ide.76Whatever - 不管不管Whatever other people may say, she wont change her mind.Whatever you do, it wont affect our plan.77While -尽管尽管While I have sympathy for you, I cant help you.While its none of my business, I will watch you.78Whether -不管，常与不管，常与or not 连用连用Whether he is good or not, the company dec
37、ided to send him abroad.Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.799. 方式状语从句方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由方式状语从句常由:as, as if, as though80as -与与 一样一样 Do in Rome as the Romans do. Leave things as they are. 81as if, as though - 仿佛仿佛, 由由as if或或 as though引导的从句中可引导的从句中可用虚拟语气用虚拟语气 She stood
38、 at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting forsomeone. 821._ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.A. If B. Whenever C. Unless D. Whatever832.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easilywalk to the station.A. before B. that C. unless D. when843.Ill accept any job, _ I dont
39、have to get up early.A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as854._ problems you have, you can always come tome for help.A. What B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Which865. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter876.-Did you remember
40、 to give Mary the money you owed her?- Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. while B. the moment C.suddenly D. once887. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever898.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C.
41、as if D. unless909. John plays football _ , if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as9110. -What was the party like? -Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. when C. before D. since9211.Dont change your mind, _ happens to you.A. which B. what C.
42、 whichever D. whatever9312. _ he comes, we wont be able to go.A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even9413. Nobody believed him _ what he said.A. even though B. even if C. no matter D. because9514. I was watching TV _ suddenly the lights went out.A. when B. while C. as D. for9615. Take your umbrella w
43、ith you _ it rains.A. if B. as ifC. in case D. as long as9716.No sooner _ entered the office _I heard the telephone ringing.A. had I, when B. I had, than C. had I, than D. I had, when9817. I had hardly arrived _ he started crying to go home.A. as B. for C. when D. until9918.It wont be long _ you regret what you said.A. since B. when C. before D. till10019. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_.A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving10120. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As102Thank you!103
