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1、Period 2Checking answer keys for Ex.1 on Page 11:AlternativeexpressionsWords and expressions from the textdarkened skin need for foodmake something become larger make information live a sunburnthungerrid ofexpandcirculatelead a lifeAlternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textPrefer toB
2、ecause of Try extremely Send things thanks towould ratherstruggleexportChecking answer Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 12:1. prove2. would rather3. live4. life5. rid6. of7. output8. increased9. sunburntChecking answer Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 12:1. super2. satisfied3. strain4. Exported5. suitablePr
3、esentationThe usage of ing form表示主动的或正在进行的动作或状态Attribute(定语定语)Object Complement(宾语补足语宾语补足语)Subject (主语主语) Predicative(表语表语)Object(宾语宾语)Adverbial(状语状语)1.Walking is good for everyone. （主语）（主语）2. Our job is playing all kinds of music. （表语）（表语） 3. We shall appreciate hearing from you again.4. Do you kno
4、w the boy lying under the tree? （定语）（定语）5. People come to theme parks, looking for excitement. （状语）（状语）6. On the hill, he saw smoke rising from the chimneys. （宾补）（宾补）(主语）主语）（表语）（表语）（宾语）（宾语）（状语（状语)（宾补）（宾补）A.作定语作定语 （单个（单个-ing 形式一般放在被修饰的名词之前形式一般放在被修饰的名词之前 而而 -ing短语一般放在被修饰的名词之后短语一般放在被修饰的名词之后)1.This amus
5、ing story made us laugh .2.The girl coming to dinner tonight is a famous film star.1.坐在我旁边的女孩默默地看着我坐在我旁边的女孩默默地看着我.The girl _looked at me in silence.2.There was a car came in the other direction.3.We cant attend the meeting held now as were very busy.sitting beside mecoming 当表示正在被完成的动作时可用当表示正在被完成的动作时
6、可用being done，修饰名词时往往后，修饰名词时往往后置。置。The building being built now is our gymnasium(体育馆）体育馆）.being当表示已经被完成和将要被完成的动作时可用当表示已经被完成和将要被完成的动作时可用done和和to be doneThis is the building built last year.Theyve designed the building to be built next year.B. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语1.感官动词感官动词 see /look at / notice/ watch /observ
7、e/ catch /feel/ find /smell/ hear/ listen to + o.+ doing2.haveget+o.+doing3.keepleave+o.+doing4.with+o.+doing+dodone+do(get+o.+to do)done+done/adj./adv./prep.phrase+doneto doadj.adv.prep.phrase被动：被动：be seen to dodoingdone1.I heard_(他在唱歌)when I passed his house.2.Turn off the lights!Dont leave them _
8、(亮着)all night long.3. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. a. smoke b. smoking c. to smoke d. smokedhim singing(b)burningonC. 作主语和表语作主语和表语1.区别区别doing 和和to do 作主语和表语时的不同作主语和表语时的不同2.doing和和to do 作主语时谓语动词用单数作主语时谓语动词用单数3.固定句型：固定句型：It is no usegood doing4.注意注意-ed式形容词和式形容词和-in
9、g式形容词作表语和定语时的区别式形容词作表语和定语时的区别1.In some countries, _ (nod) ones head _ (mean) “no” .noddingmeans2._ (teach) is quite interesting.3._ (teach) so many little kids in such a small room today will really make me confused.TeachingTo teachshockexciteinviteencouragedisappoint1.It is _exciting_ to watch the
10、worlds top soccer players play in China.2. I was _shocked_ when I heard about your accident.3.The father must have said something because the boy finally got up and made a good speech.4.He said in a _disappointed_ voice that he would leave at once. 5.The food didnt look very . It was not worth the m
11、oney.invitingencouraging4.We were _in the _ story.(有趣的）有趣的）interestedinteresting动名词与不定式作主语时的比较：动名词与不定式作主语时的比较： 动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：则通常表示具体的动作。如： 还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责任，也是一种愉悦。任，也是一种愉悦。 As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was a duty
12、and a pleasure到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。 Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me. 归纳：常用归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：形式作主语的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做做是没用处的是没用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做做不值得不值得It is/was
13、 worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的There is no doing 无法无法， 不允许不允许There is no sense in doing 做做没有道理没有道理There is/was no use doing 干干无意义无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比没有比更糟的更糟的There is/was no point doing 干干无意义无意义There is no sense in doing 做做没有道理没有道理There is/was no use doing 干干无意义无意义 There
14、is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比没有比更糟的更糟的There is/was no point doing 干干无意义无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。我们不知道要去哪儿。There was no knowing where we would go. 做这件傻事毫无意义。做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing. 注意：注意：There is no need to do sth 干、没必要，干、没必要， 在此句式中在此句式中to do 不可换为不可换为doing. 没有必要告诉她。没有必要告诉她。Th
15、ere is no need to tell her. 提示：当动名词用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代提示：当动名词用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代 词和名词所有格构成。词和名词所有格构成。我姐姐病了，使我很担心。我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 My sisters being ill made we worried.你正确未必就意味着我错了。你正确未必就意味着我错了。 Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. D. 作作 宾语（宾语（-ing形式及其复合结构可以放在动词、介词、短语之后）形式及其复合结构可以放在动词
16、、介词、短语之后） 1.固定的动词之后（固定的动词之后（avoidappreciatefinishmind)2.固定短语之后（固定短语之后（give up/ keep on/ be worth/feel like )3. remember/ forget/ regret /mean /try /like/ dislike/ love/ stop / go on /cant help 之后加之后加doing 和和to do 区别区别1.You can show your welcome to someone by _shaking_ (shake) hands with him or her.2
17、.I feel like _taking a rest_ (休息）休息）.Would you mind _my/ me sitting here_ (我坐这儿）？我坐这儿）？3.I remember _returning the book to you_ (把书还给你了）把书还给你了）.4. She strongly disliked spoken to like that.shakingtaking a restE. 作状语的用法（在句子中表示时间、条件、伴随、结作状语的用法（在句子中表示时间、条件、伴随、结 果、原果、原因等）因等）1.当主句中的谓语动词和当主句中的谓语动词和-ing短语中
18、动词所表示的动作同时发生时，短语中动词所表示的动作同时发生时，用用-ing 形式形式, 否定式为否定式为not doing2. -ing 短语中动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的短语中动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，动作之前， 用用having done 形式（被动用形式（被动用having been done)， 否定式为否定式为 not having (been) done3.-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语通常为主句的主语形式作状语时，其逻辑主语通常为主句的主语4.从属连词从属连词+动词的动词的-ing 形式形式动词的过去分词动词的过去分词(whenwh
19、ileoncealthoughunless, since, whenever, until, as if)Arriving home, she found the door locked.Having failed the exam, he no longer played computer games.Not knowing what to do, your advice is important to me.While reading the letter, she cried.一直不做就是作恶。一直不做就是作恶。Doing nothing is doing ill他说：他说：“继续这样下
20、去是无用的。继续这样下去是无用的。”He said，“To go on like this is no use”我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。Its an honor for me to be invited to the party1. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.( 2004全国全国 ) A. Having suffered B.Suffering C. That D. Suffered精析：根据句意精析：根据句意“it may now b
21、e too late to ” 和和 “already”可知可知“河流已经被严重污染河流已经被严重污染”，应用完成，应用完成时。答案时。答案A。Exercises2. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. ( 全国全国2002)A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given解析：本题考查过去分词作状语的用法。分析题干，前一部分相当解析：本题考查过去分词作状语的用法。分析题干，前一部分相当 于一个条件状语从句，即
22、于一个条件状语从句，即If he is given ，因为主句是，因为主句是 it，从句应含，从句应含被动意义，这恰是过去分词作状语的基本含义即含被动意义。答被动意义，这恰是过去分词作状语的基本含义即含被动意义。答案案 A。3. - The picture _ on the wall is painted by my niece. ( 2001上海上海)A.having hung B. hangingB.C. hangs D. being hung解析：本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。分析题目可知，解析：本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。分析题目可知，谓语是谓语是is painted，那么选项部分应
23、是充当定语的。，那么选项部分应是充当定语的。A项项是现在分词的完成式，其一般不作定语，只作时间或原是现在分词的完成式，其一般不作定语，只作时间或原因状语；因状语；C项动词项动词“第三人称单数第三人称单数”显然也不能作定语，显然也不能作定语，只作谓语；分析只作谓语；分析 the picture与动作与动作 hang之间的关系，其之间的关系，其不含被动意义，不含被动意义，D项排除；项排除； B项是现在分词的一般式，相项是现在分词的一般式，相当于定语从句当于定语从句which is hanging。答案。答案B。 Homework 1. Summarize the rules of ving form as the Subject and Object in your own way. 2. Finish the exercises of “Discovering useful structures” on Page 12 - 13.
