《定语从句专题讲解2ppt课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《定语从句专题讲解2ppt课件（53页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、定语从句定语从句TheAttributiveClauseTheAttributiveClause1Ilikequietmusic.Ilikemusicthatisquiet.定语从句定语从句1.什么是定语从句？什么是定语从句？2.什么是先行词？什么是先行词？3.什么是关系代词和关系副词？如何确定？什么是关系代词和关系副词？如何确定？4.如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句？如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句？2agirlagirlwholikeswholikesred.red.IknowLearn to discover定语从句定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。在复合句中，修饰名词
2、或代词的句子叫定语从句。在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。两个句子两个句子两个词两个词主主句句从句从句？31.Iknowagirl2.wholikesred.Jimreadsbooks whicharefun.主句主句从句从句完整的句子是主句完整的句子是主句不完整的句子是从句不完整的句子是从句43.Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?两个词两个词先行词先行词关系代词关系代词被定语从句修饰的词被定语从句修饰的词whowhichthat5在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语
3、从句。在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句定语从句先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词后面。而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前定语从句一般放在先行词后面。而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前 。关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为关系代词（关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose)和和关系副词（关系副词（when,where,why)。关系代词在从关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系副词句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系
4、副词在句中作状语。在句中作状语。6Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhoisbeautiful.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,叫做定语从句叫做定语从句7I like music that/which I can dance to.先行词先行词关系代词关系代词定语从句定语从句I like the singer who is beautiful.I like the movie that is funny.I still remember the first time when I met her. 8Learntothink关系代
5、词关系代词先行词先行词决定决定先行词先行词关系代词关系代词人人物物人和物人和物whowhichthatthatthatwhom宾语宾语9Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.10I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an applethat is red.修饰先行词修饰先行词 an apple 11I have some friends. Some friends like sports.I have some friendswho like sports.
6、 修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends 12Ilikethemovie.Themovieisexciting.Ilikethemoviethatisexciting.that修饰先行词修饰先行词movie13Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Thewomanlivesnextdoor.who修饰先行词修饰先行词woman14Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The te
7、acher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?151.关系代词关
8、系代词that,which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which.(作主语或宾语作主语或宾语)16Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.Practise:1.Thisisthehouse.ThehouseisforsaleThisistheh
9、ousethat/whichisforsale.which/that作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）17which/that作宾语作宾语：（可省略）可省略）Thisisthecard.Ivejustreceivedthecard.Thisisthecardwhich/thatIvejustreceived.Practise:1.Thisisthemistake.Ialwaysmakemistake.Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake2.Istillkeeptheletters.Shewrotetheletterstome . .Isti
10、llkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.()（作宾语）（作宾语）()182.关系代词关系代词who,that,whom引导的定语从句引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that(作主语或宾语作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语作宾语)19who/that作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语作主语)1.Theboyca
11、lledRoy.Theboybrokethewindow.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledRoy./thatPractise:20who/whom/that作宾语：作宾语：(可省略可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作作宾语）宾语）1.Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.Thethief(who
12、/that/whom)thepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.Practise:21小结：1).that既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。2).which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.3).who指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。22 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :当先行词是当先行词是物物时时, , 用用w
13、hich或或that引导引导. .Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.当先行词是当先行词是人人时时, , 用用who,whom,whose,that引导引导.23who,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who作定语从句的作定语从句的主主语或语或宾宾语语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解分解作主语作主语24Whom作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedto
14、visitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解分解作宾语作宾语25whose作定语从句的作定语从句的定定语语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirlsmotherisateacher.作定语作定语26that可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主主语和语和宾宾语语.注意注意: : 关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略. .Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.27有时只
15、能用有时只能用that,不用不用which,常见的情况有六种：常见的情况有六种：1.当先行词是当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或或被它们修饰被它们修饰时。时。1).ThatsallthatIknow.2).IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?3).Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.282).ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylesso
16、ns.3.当先行词有当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。等修饰时。1).ThatstheonlythingthatIcandonow.2).Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时1).ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.295.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.Whois
17、thegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?4.当主句以当主句以who或或which开头时，定语从句开头时，定语从句的关系词用的关系词用that,而不用而不用which或或who.30关系代词只用关系代词只用which不用不用that情况情况1.关系代词前有介词。关系代词前有介词。2.先行词本身是先行词本身是that.31whose作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyc
18、lassmate.32【巧学妙巧学妙记】定定语从句的用法从句的用法主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。从句从句紧跟先行跟先行词，关系，关系词引引导要弄清。要弄清。定人要用定人要用who或或whom，定物，定物which当先用。当先用。关系代关系代词用用that，定人定物有本，定人定物有本领。when用来定用来定时间，where用来定地点。用来定地点。关系代关系代词作成分，唯作作成分，唯作宾语可省略。可省略。33Exercise1:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The
19、e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that345. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the hou
20、se in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.35Exercise 2. 1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2.Say all _ you know.3.Is there anything _
21、I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.364.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _
22、we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat37先行词先行词1.Iknowagirlwho_(like)red.先行词先行词2.Jimreadsbookswhich_(be)fun.先行词先行词3.Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthatthey_(be)talkingabout?先行词先行词决定决定关系代词关系代词从句中的谓语动词形式从句中的谓语动词形式likes areare38定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致Themp4that_beeng
23、iventomeishome-made.(have)I,who_yourclassmate,willsharetheworkwithyou.(be)关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。hashasamam39Learntopractice1.Tomisoneoftheboysthat_(be)fromtheUSA.2.Tomistheonlyboythat_(be)fromtheUSA.areis40【注意注
24、意】Heisoneofthestudentswho_madegreatprogress.MrWangistheonlyoneofmyfriendswho_beeninvitedtohavedinnerwithus.(have)oneof+复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若one前有前有the（only）the（just）the（very）修饰时，从句的谓语动词）修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式用单数形式havehavehashas411.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.wh
25、o/that3.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.which/thatwhose424.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.which/that437.Isthereanything_youwanttobuyin
26、thetown.8.All_wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat441.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.454.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.5.T
27、heboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.which/that467.Isthereanything_youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All_wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat4710.Theperson_youshouldwritetoisMrBall.11.Theteacherfrom_IlearntmostwasMrsZhu.12.Ther
28、unner_youareaskingaboutisoverthere.13.Thegirl_youarelookingforisintheclassroom.14.Themeeting_weshalltakepartinwillbeheldinahotel.15.Thefactory_Iworkedinforovertwoyearshasbeenclosed.16.Theairport_is30kilometresawayistheonlyoneinthecity17.Theperson_wontheracewasawomanfromSichuan.whowhomwho/whomwho/who
29、mthatwhichthatwho48Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher w
30、ho/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?491.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboyslife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.503.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.51Learntomakeasummary定语定语从句从句1.两个句两个句子子3.先行作出两决定先行作出两决定4.两类只用莫相忘两类只用莫相忘关系代词关系代词从句谓语动词形式从句谓语动词形式1.只用只用that不用不用which（5）2.只用只用which不用不用that（2）主句主句从句从句2.两个词两个词先行词先行词关系代词关系代词52Thank you for listening!53
