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1、课题1 1无机非金属材料全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航
2、ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航目标导航目标导航1.了解社会发展和科技进步对材料的要求。了解化学对材料科学发展的促进作用。2.能记住普通陶瓷、普通玻璃和普通水泥等传统硅酸盐材料的生产原料、生产原理和各自在生产生活中的广泛应用。3.能说出新型陶瓷、单晶硅、石墨、金刚石、足球烯等新型无机非金
3、属材料的生产原料、生产原理和主要用途。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOH
4、ANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二一、传统硅酸盐材料1.传统硅酸盐材料概述硅酸盐材料生产原料:黏土、石英、钾长石、钠长石等;硅酸盐材料大多具有稳定性强、硬度高、熔点高、难溶于水、绝缘、耐腐蚀等特点;结构一般均含有SiO44-结构。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独
5、家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难
6、聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二2.陶瓷(1)制造:传统陶瓷大多是将黏土与水的混合物通过高温烧结制成,发生了复杂的化学反应。陶瓷色彩丰富,是由于釉料中主要含有一些金属及其化合物,当窑内空气含量发生变化时,金属及其化合物发生不同的氧化还原反应,产生不同的颜色。(2)种类:原料及烧制温度是影响陶瓷品种和性能的关键技术。陶瓷主要分为土器、炻器、瓷器等。(
7、3)性质:具有抗氧化、抗酸碱腐蚀、耐高温、绝缘、易成型等许多优点。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI
8、典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二3.玻璃(1)普通玻璃。主要原料:石英砂(主要成分是SiO2)、石灰石(主要成分是CaCO3)和纯碱。主要工序:加热熔融、澄清、成型和缓冷等。主要成分:Na2SiO3、CaSiO3。(2)特种玻璃。含有钾和铅的
9、原料用来制造光学玻璃;加入B2O3制成化学实验室中的玻璃仪器;加入一些金属的氧化物或盐可以得到颜色不同的玻璃。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGY
10、ANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二4.水泥(1)普通硅酸盐水泥的主要生产原料:石灰石、黏土和辅助原料(主要是适量石膏CaSO42H2O)。(2)普通硅酸盐水泥的主要成分:硅酸三钙(3CaOSiO2)、
11、硅酸二钙(2CaOSiO2)、铝酸三钙(3CaOAl2O3)、铁铝酸钙(4CaOAl2O3Fe2O3)等。(3)普通硅酸盐水泥的性质:在空气和水中硬化。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGN
12、AN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二二、新型无机非金属材料1.新型陶瓷(1)新型陶瓷概述。新型陶瓷已突破了以Si和O两种元素为主的传统组成体系,进一步提高了陶瓷
13、的性能,现代科技赋予陶瓷在光、电、磁、化学和生物学等方面新的特性和功能。(2)碳化硅。碳化硅的化学式为SiC,又称金刚砂,其结构与金刚石相似。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JV
14、JIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SU
15、ITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOH
16、ANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二新型陶瓷材料是不是陶瓷?提示:新型陶瓷材料从化学组成上来看已经不属于传统硅酸盐陶瓷材料了,只是它们多数也具有一般硅酸盐材料的耐高温、强度高、耐腐蚀的特性,并且从外观上与传统的硅酸盐陶瓷一样不具有金属光泽,都属于脆性材料,容易碎裂等。广义上陶瓷是用陶瓷生产方法制造的无机非金属固体材料和制品的统称,所以新型陶瓷材料按照陶瓷的广义定义来看仍然属于陶瓷材料。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系
17、统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITAN
18、GYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂
19、演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二3.石墨、
20、金刚石和C60新材料诞生新科技(1)人造金刚石的方法。在特殊条件下,可使石墨转变成金刚石。化学气相沉积法制造金刚石薄膜的原理为(2)C60材料。C60可与H2发生加成反应,C60可能成为新型贮氢材料。K3C60具有超导性,由此可开发高温超导材料。碳纳米管具有更大的韧性。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN
21、随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二讨论金
22、刚石和石墨在生产和生活中的应用,并说明这些应用主要利用了它们的哪些性质?提示:金刚石是硬度最大的天然物质,可作研磨材料;石墨是一种非常软而滑腻的物质,可作润滑材料。金刚石是电的绝缘体,不易导热;而石墨则是电的导体,导热性好,常用作电极材料。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUX
23、I典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二一、传统硅酸盐材料1.传统硅酸盐材料
24、概述从具体材料来说,传统硅酸盐材料是指陶瓷、玻璃和水泥及其制品;从生产和使用时间来说,传统硅酸盐材料历史比较长,特别是陶瓷,到唐宋时期,制造水平已经很高;从生产原料方面来说,传统硅酸盐材料一般是以黏土(主要成分为Al2O32SiO22H2O)、石英(主要成分为SiO2)、钾长石(主要成分为K2OAl2O36SiO2)和钠长石(主要成分为Na2OAl2O36SiO2)等为原料生产的;从物质内部结构方面来说,一般都含有SiO44-(立体网状结构);从性能方面来说,大多数都具有稳定性强、硬度高、熔点高、难溶于水、绝缘、耐腐蚀等特点;从常见产品方面来说,陶瓷、玻璃和水泥是传统硅酸盐材料的主体。全书优质
25、试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理
26、ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二特别提示硅酸盐中硅氧结构(如图)的特殊性决定了硅酸盐材料的性质。硅氧四面体全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAO
27、DAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO
28、重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二2.常见传统硅酸盐产品的比较 全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN J
29、VJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦S
30、UITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAO
31、HANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二特别提示在生产硅酸盐产品的过程中,往往会向大气中排放大量的粉尘而造成大气污染,特别是水泥工业。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITAN
32、GYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目
33、标导航一二二、新型无机非金属材料1.碳化硅陶瓷和氮化硅陶瓷的综合比较全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUX
34、I典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIA
35、ODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIA
36、O重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二2.单晶硅(1)硅的结构和性质。硅原子最外层有4个电子,不易得电子,也不易失电子。硅元素的非金属性很弱,具有很弱的氧化性和还原性,表现在化学性质上很不活泼,不易与其他物质发生化学反应。(2)单晶硅的性能和用途。硅单质有晶体硅和无定形硅(非晶体)两种。单晶硅即硅单质的晶体,是常温下性质稳定的半导体材料,具有基本完整的点阵结构的晶体。不同的方向具有不同的性质,是一种良好的半导体材料。纯度要求达到99.9999%,甚至达到99.9999999%以上。用于制造半导体器件、太阳能电池等。用
37、高纯度的多晶硅在单晶炉内拉制而成。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHAN
38、G目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二熔融的单质硅在凝固时硅原子以金刚石晶格排列成许多晶核,如果这些晶核长成晶面取向相同的晶粒,则这些晶粒平行结合起来便结晶成单晶硅。单晶硅具有准金属的物理性质,有较弱的导电性,其电导率随温度的升高而增加,有显著的半导电性。在超纯单晶硅中掺入微量的
39、A族元素(如硼)可提高其导电的程度,而形成P型硅半导体;如掺入微量的A族元素(如磷或砷)也可提高其导电程度,形成N型硅半导体。单晶硅的制法通常是先制得多晶硅或无定形硅,然后用直拉法或悬浮区熔法从熔体中生长出棒状单晶硅。单晶硅主要用于制作半导体元件。用途:是制造半导体器件的原料,用于制大功率整流器、大功率晶体管、二极管、开关器件等。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZH
40、ONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI
41、TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航一二3.金刚石、石墨和C60的比较 全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练D
42、IANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航知识点1知识点2【例题1】据报道,一项名为“陶瓷耐高温大红色釉的研究”的课题通过了国家12位陶瓷色釉专家参加的技术鉴定,至此国际陶瓷工艺界无法高温(12001300)烧制大红色釉的历史正式宣告
43、结束。(1)下列名称与陶瓷有关的是(选填字母代号)。宜兴景德镇秦兵马俑黏土(2)唐三彩属于彩陶,彩陶是在陶瓷坯体上涂有掺杂重金属离子的釉料,而且烧制时通入不同的空气量,即便是掺杂的同一种金属离子,颜色也不同。用铁元素在高温时的变化说明烧制成红色陶瓷的原理:。(3)高岭土又叫瓷土,主要由高岭石的微小晶体组成,因盛产于我国江西景德镇的高岭而得名,是制造瓷器的优良原料,其组成可表示为Al2Si2Ox(OH)y,其中y10时,x=。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIA
44、NLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI
45、知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航知识点1知识点2解析:(1)该题中的4个选项都与陶瓷有关,其中宜兴和景德镇分别是我国的陶器盛产地和瓷器盛产地;而秦兵马俑则属于陶;黏土是陶瓷的主要原料。(2)红色陶瓷多含高价铁(Fe2O3),这种氧化物是在氧化气氛的火焰中烧制的,所以需要足量的氧气。(3)根据化合物中元素化合价代数和为零可以列出关于x、y的方程式:2x+y=23+24,讨论可知当y10,即y=12时,x=1。答案:(1)(2)在空气过量和高温的条件下,铁元素生成的多为+3价的氧化铁
46、(3)1全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI S
47、HULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航知识点1知识点2【例题2】获取知识和信息是现代人不可缺少的素质,信息产业的飞速发展离不开材料科学的推动。信息产业的核心材料是高纯度的硅,单晶硅可用来制作大规模集成电路、整流器等。硅纯度越高,大规模集成电路的性能就越好。高纯度的单晶硅生产方法有以下几种。方法一:三氯甲硅烷(
48、SiHCl3)还原法是当前制备高纯硅的主要方法,生产过程示意图如下。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUX
49、I典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航知识点1知识点2方法二:用金属硅化物(Mg2Si)与盐酸作用制得硅烷,再热分解硅烷可得高纯硅。根据上述信息回答以下问题:(1)从方法一生产单晶硅的过程看,由焦炭还原得到的硅为何还要进一步处理?(2)写出方法二中生
50、产高纯硅的两个化学方程式:;。(3)写出由纯SiHCl3制备高纯硅的化学方程式:。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIAN
51、LI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航知识点1知识点2(4)在方法一中,整个制备过程必须严格控制无水无氧。SiHCl3遇水剧烈反应生成H2SiO3、HCl和另一种物质,写出配平的化学方程式:;H2还原SiHCl3过程中若混入O2,可能引
52、起的后果是。(5)比较方法一和方法二,分析一下各自的优缺点。(6)下列有关硅材料的说法正确的是(填字母)。A.碳化硅化学性质稳定,可用于生产耐高温水泥B.氮化硅硬度大、熔点高,可用于制作高温陶瓷和轴承C.高纯度的二氧化硅可用于制造高性能通信材料光导纤维D.普通玻璃是由纯碱、石灰石和石英砂制成的E.常温下盐酸可以与硅反应,故采用盐酸为抛光液抛光单晶硅全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SH
53、ULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂
54、演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航知识点1知识点2全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DI
55、ANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航知识点1知识点2答案:(1)由C还原SiO2得到的单质硅中,杂质含量过高,将它用HCl处理得到低沸点SiHCl3,便于蒸发提纯,然后再还原得高纯硅。(5)方法一的优点是原料来源丰富,但与方法二相
56、比,步骤较复杂;方法二的优点是流程简单,缺点是原料需要制备(6)ABCD全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TO
57、UXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3 4 51下列选项中哪一种物质可与陶瓷、钢化玻璃、高强度水泥归为一类()A.光导纤维B.有机玻璃C.砖瓦 D.人造纤维解析:陶瓷、钢化玻璃、水泥都属于传统硅酸盐材料,故砖瓦也属于此类。答案:C全书优
58、质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳
59、理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3 4 52根据普通玻璃、普通水泥和普通陶瓷的生产过程,总结出硅酸盐工业的一般特点是()原料一定是含硅元素的物质生成物是硅酸盐反应条件是高温发生复杂的物理、化学反应A. B.C.D.解析:硅酸盐工业的主要特点:生产原料是含有硅元素的物质;产品的物质类型属于硅酸盐;使物质发生变化
60、的条件是高温;物质变化的类型,既有物理变化,又有复杂的化学变化。答案:D全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TO
61、UXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3 4 53下列说法中错误的是()A.生产普通玻璃和普通水泥的原料中都含有石灰石B.生产陶瓷和普通玻璃的原料中都含有石英C.生产粗硅和光导纤维的原料中都含二氧化硅D.生产水玻璃和玻璃的原料中都含有烧碱
62、解析:生产玻璃的主要原料是石英砂、石灰石和纯碱,生产水泥的主要原料是石灰石和黏土,生产陶瓷的主要原料是黏土,黏土中含有SiO2。水玻璃是Na2SiO3的水溶液,可用石英溶于NaOH溶液制得。答案:D全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导
63、航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3 4 54下列关于新型陶瓷的说法不正确的是()A.新型陶瓷在光、电、磁、
64、化学和生物学等方面具有新的特性和功能B.新型陶瓷包括半导体材料、耐高温陶瓷、磁性陶瓷、透明陶瓷、生物陶瓷等C.金刚砂就是SiO2,耐高温,可作航天器的涂层材料D.氮化硅可用于制造轴承、汽轮机叶片等解析:金刚砂是碳化硅(SiC),化学性质稳定,可耐2000的高温。答案:C全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN
65、随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3
66、 4 55硅在地壳中的含量较高。硅及其化合物的开发由来已久,在现代生活中有广泛应用。回答下列问题:(1)1810年瑞典化学家贝采里乌斯在加热石英砂、木炭和铁时,得到一种“金属”。这种“金属”可能是。(2)陶瓷、水泥和玻璃是常用的硅酸盐材料。其中,生产普通玻璃的主要原料有。(3)高纯硅是现代信息、半导体和光伏发电等产业都需要的基础材料。工业上提纯硅有多种路线,其中一种工艺流程示意图及主要反应如下:全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MU
67、BIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JV
68、JIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3 4 5全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIA
69、O重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3 4 5用石英砂和焦炭在电弧炉中高温加热也可以生产碳化硅,该反应的化学方程式为;碳化硅又称,其晶体结构与相似。在流化床反应的产物中,S
70、iHCl3大约占85%,还有SiCl4、SiH2Cl2、SiH3Cl等,有关物质的沸点数据如下表,提纯SiHCl3的主要工艺操作依次是沉降、冷凝和。SiHCl3极易水解,其完全水解的产物为。(4)氯碱工业可为上述工艺生产提供部分原料,这些原料是。全书优质试题随意编辑课堂教学流程完美展示独家研发错题组卷系统ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI T
71、OUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航ZHISHI SHULI知识梳理ZHONGNAN JVJIAO重难聚焦SUITANGYANLIAN随堂演练DIANLI TOUXI典例透析MUBIAODAOHANG目标导航1 2 3 4 5解析:(3)比较SiHCl3、SiCl4、SiH2Cl2、SiH3Cl的沸点,可得常温下SiHCl3、SiCl4为液体,SiH2Cl2、SiH3Cl为气体,沉降除去产物中的固体后,冷凝得到SiHCl3、SiCl4的混合液体,再用蒸馏可分离二者。答案:(1)含有硅、碳的铁合金(或硅铁)(2)石英砂、纯碱和石灰石(4)H2、HCl
