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1、专题十五主从复合句23456考点1考点2并列句 1.(2017重庆B卷中考)IlikedancingIdonthaveenoughtimetopracticeit.A.orB.soC.but D.because【解析】C本题考查连词的辨析。句意:我喜欢跳舞,但是我没有足够的时间练习它。结合句意,故选C。2.(2017怀化中考)Hurryup,wellmisstheearlybus.A.butB.orC.and【解析】B考查连词辨析。but但是;and和;or否则。句意:快点,否则我们就赶不上早班公共汽车了。故选B。7考点1考点23.(2017新疆建设兵团中考)Helpothersinneed,
2、theywillhelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.A.butB.and C.or D.although【解析】B考查连词词义辨析。句意:帮助有需要的人吧,当你有麻烦时候他们将会帮助你。but但是;and和,并且;or或者;although尽管。根据语境可知,空格前后表示并列关系,故用并列连词and。4.(2017青海中考)Youhavetogetupearlyyouwillbelateforschool.A.orB.unlessC.though【解析】A考查连词。题干意为:你不得不早起,你将上学迟到。or否则;unless除非;though尽管。根据题干意思,前后两句互为条
3、件关系,故用or。8考点1考点25.(2017莱芜中考)Ididntknowanyoneattheparty,Ifeltabitlonely.A.orB.soC.andD.but【解析】B考查连词的用法辨析。句意:我在聚会上不认识任何人,因此我感到有点孤独。or或者;so因此;and并且;but但是。根据句意可知,这里表示前因后果关系,故选B。9考点1考点2并列句的构成及用法并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中各简单句的地位同等重要,相互之间是平行并列的关系。其构成为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。1.表示顺承、并列、递进关系的并列连词:and“和”;both.and.“和都”;as
4、wellas“也”;notonly.butalso.“不但而且”。Hisfatherisaworkerandhismotherisadoctor.他父亲是工人,他母亲是医生。2.表示转折或对比关系的连词:but“但是”;yet“然而”;while“而”。IlikethisbookverymuchbutLiJunisntinterestedinit.我非常喜欢这本书,但是李军却对它不感兴趣。10考点1考点23.表示选择关系的并列连词:or“或者”,还可表示“否则”;either.or.“或者或者”。Bequiet,oryoullwakethebabyup.安静点儿,否则你会把婴儿吵醒的。4.表示
5、因果关系的并列连词:so“因此;所以”;for“因为”。Wehaveseenthisfilmbefore,sowewontgotoseeittoday.我们以前看过这部电影,所以今天我们就不去看了。5.“祈使句+and/or+简单句”是一个固定句型,此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。Studyhard,andyoucanmakeprogress.=Ifyoustudyhard,youllmakeprogress.努力学习,然后你就会取得进步。Hurryup,oryoullbelate.=Ifyoudonthurryup,youllbelate.快点,否则你就会迟到。11
6、考点1考点2(B)1.Thedressisreallybeautiful,itistoosmallforme.A.orB.but C.so D.and(A)2.IdidntaccepthishelpIwantedtotryitmyself.A.becauseB.thoughC.untilD.unless(C)3.Youdbetternotmakeadecisionwithoutthinkingitover,youmayregretitlater.A.andB.but C.or D.so(A)4.Rulesarehelpfultous,wehavetofollowthem.A.soB.but C
7、.or D.because(B)5.Readthisstory,youwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.A.orB.and C.but D.so12考点1考点2复合句 1.(2017广东中考)Doyouknowyesterday?Yes.Hewentfortheboatrace.A.whydidntPetergotoschoolB.whydoesntPetergotoschoolC.whyPeterdidntgotoschoolD.whyPeterdoesntgotoschool【解析】C考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,
8、故排除A与B两项;又根据宾语从句中的关键词yesterday可知用一般过去时。故选C。13考点1考点22.(2017广东中考)Accordingtoasurvey,peopleareabletospeaktwolanguagescanmanagetwothingsatthesametimemoreeasily.A.which B.whomC.whoseD.who【解析】D考查定语从句连接词。people为定语从句的先行词,当先行词为人时,需用who或that。故选D。3.(2017广东中考)Johnsonwontanswerthephoneifhethenumber.A.knew B.does
9、ntknowC.willknowD.didntknow【解析】B考查动词时态。if表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句时,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选B。14考点1考点24.(2017天水中考)Idontknow.A.whatthepopulationofTianshuiisB.whatisthepopulationofTianshuiC.howmuchisthepopulationofTianshuiD.howmanythepopulationinTianshuiare【解析】A考查宾语从句。句意:我不知道天水的人口是多少。分析句子结构可知,这是一个宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述语序,故排
10、除B、C两项;又根据“Whatsthepopulationof?”句型可知,本题故选A。15考点1考点25.(2017成都中考)AkindofsharedbikeiscalledbluegogoisgettingmoreandmorepopularinChengdu.A.itB.whoC.which【解析】C考查定语从句的用法。句意:一种名叫“小蓝单车”的共享自行车在成都正变得越来越受欢迎。关系词who和which都可引导定语从句,who指代人,which指代物,这里的先行词bike是物,故用which引导定语从句。故选C。16考点1考点26.(2017潍坊中考)Whatkindofmovie
11、sdoyouprefer?Ipreferthemoviesmesomethingtothinkabout.A.whichgiveB.thatgivesC.whichgivesD.whogives【解析】A考查定语从句。句意:你更喜欢哪类电影?我更喜欢提供一些东西让我思考的电影。先行词movie为“物”,用which或that引导定语从句,本句先行词movies用了复数形式,定语从句中的谓语动词就应该用原形。故选A。17考点1考点27.(2017鄂州中考)PleasetellmesomethingaboutYangLiwei.HeisagreatastronautofalltheChinesea
12、reproud.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.whom【解析】D考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意:请告诉我关于杨利伟的情况。他是一位伟大的宇航员,所有中国人都以他为豪。此空引导词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,先行词表人,故只能使用whom。故选D。8.(2017河南中考)Ihatethedogsliveinthenexthouse.Theymakeloudnoisesallnight.A.whoB.that C.whatD.whom【解析】B考查定语从句用法。句中先行词thedogs表示“物”,用that或which引导定语从句。故选B。18考点1考点29.(2017遂宁中考)Alice
13、prefersstoriesthatshortandfunny.A.areB.isC.wasD.were【解析】A考查定语从句中be动词的用法。句意:爱丽丝喜欢短而有趣的故事。首先确定句子为一般现在时,先行词stories为复数,确定be动词为are,故选A。10.(2017安徽中考)DoyouknowAnngoestoworkeveryday?Usuallybyunderground.A.whyB.how C.whenD.whether【解析】B考查宾语从句中的连接词。句意:你知道Ann每天上班吗?常常乘坐地铁。由答语意思知,问者问的是Ann上班的方式。故选B。19考点1考点211.(201
14、7随州中考)Couldyoutellme?Look!Heisplayingvolleyballoverthere.A.whatisTomdoing B.howTomdiditC.whereTomisD.whyTomisdoingit【解析】C考查宾语从句。句意:你能告诉我汤姆在哪里吗?看!他正在那边打排球。根据答语可知询问汤姆在干什么或者是在哪里,故排除B、D两项,A项为疑问语序,故选C。20考点1考点212.(2017攀枝花中考)Whatdidyourunclesaytoyoujustnow?Heaskedme.A.howcouldIworkitoutB.whendidgotothelibr
15、aryC.whyIamlateforschoolD.ifIhadgotreadyfortheexam【解析】D考查宾语从句。句意:你叔叔刚才给你说什么了?他问我。根据宾语从句的特点:时态主句过去时,从句用相应的过去的某种时态;语序“疑问词+陈述句的语序”。故选D。21考点1考点213.(2017德州中考)Excuseme,Iwonder.Yes,itsnearthebookstore.A.wherewewillgofortheholidayB.ifthereisalostandfoundofficeC.whenshewillgivemeacallD.howwecangotoHongKong【解
16、析】B考查宾语从句。句意:劳驾,我想知道是否有失物招领处?有,在书店附近。结合答语中“yes”可知宾语从句应该以if或whether开头。故选B。22考点1考点214.(2017温州中考)thescientistshavedonelotsofresearchonMars,thereisstillmuchwaitingtobediscovered.A.IfB.SinceC.UnlessD.Though【解析】D考查连词词义辨析。句意:尽管(though)科学家们做了许多关于火星的研究,但是仍然有许多东西等待着被发现。though尽管但是,引导让步状语从句,其他几项不符合语意。故选D。23考点1考
17、点2复合句的类型由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。初中英语教材涉及的复合句主要有宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。1.宾语从句24考点1考点225考点1考点2(2)语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中,不管充当宾语从句的句子原来是什么语序,构成宾语从句时一定要用陈述语序。Idontknowwhereshecomesfrom.我不知道她来自哪里。(3)时态如果主句是现在时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。Iknowheliveshere.我知道他住在这儿。Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.我知道他十年前住在这儿。Ihaveheardthathewillcome.我已
18、经听说他要来了。26考点1考点2若主句是过去的时态,从句也要用过去的时态。如:Iknewwholivedhere.我知道了过去谁住在这儿。Hesaidthathehadseenit.他说他已经看了。若宾语从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象等,不管主句使用何种时态,从句都要用一般现在时。Theteacheraskedtheboyiftheearthisround.老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。【注意】如果一句话中宾语从句很长,那么可以用it作为形式宾语,以免句子头重脚轻。如:HemadeitquiteclearthathepreferredtostudyEnglish.他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。2
19、7考点1考点22.状语从句状语从句是由从属连词引导的,按其用途主要可分为以下几类:(1)时间状语从句连接词有when,as(当时),while(当时),after,before,since(自从),assoonas,till,until等。当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句,表示将来的意义时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时,简称“主将从现”。IllringyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。since引导的时间状语从句,表示“自以来”,主句用现在完成时或一般现在时,从句用一般过去时。IhaventwrittenhomesinceChristmas.自圣诞节以来,
20、我未曾写信回家。ItistenyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.我学英语十年了。28考点1考点2(2)条件状语从句引导词有if,as/solongas,unless等。在条件状语从句中,主句与从句的时态也遵循“主将从现”的原则。Tomorrowwellgotothecityparkifitissunny.如果明天天晴,我们就去城市公园。(3)原因状语从句通常用because,since(既然),as(因为)引导。Hedidntcometoschoolbecausehewasill.他没有来上学,因为他生病了。(4)目的状语从句引导词有sothat(以便;为了),in
21、orderthat等。Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.我们使用电脑是为了节省时间。29考点1考点2(5)结果状语从句常见的引导词有sothat/suchthat,sothat(所以,结果是)等。当名词前面有many或much修饰时,用so而不用such。Wehavesomuchtimethatwecanfinishtheworkverywell.我们有如此多的时间,以至于我们能很好地完成工作。【注意】so.that与such.that的区别30考点1考点2so.that句型的否定形式可用简单句too.to或not.enoughto代替。H
22、eissoyoungthathecantgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.他太小了,不能去上学。31考点1考点23.定语从句(1)关系词及其功能32考点1考点233考点1考点2(2)关系词只能用which的情况:引导非限制性定语从句时。Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.那棵400年的树在这里很有名。关系词前有介词时。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.我们依靠土地来获得粮食。34考点1
23、考点2(3)关系词只能用that的情况:当先行词是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,little,few等时;当先行词被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时;当先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时;当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时;当先行词既有人又有物时。35考点1考点2(D)1.(2017广东一模)Doyouknowbythepolicelastnight?Yes,becausehespreadarumor(谣言)onWeChat.A.howwasateenagertake
24、nawayB.howateenagerwastakenawayC.whywasateenagertakenawayD.whyateenagerwastakenaway36考点1考点2(D)2.(2017广东二模)MissChen,couldyoutellme?Neither.ItsontheEurasian(欧亚)plate.A.whichplateChinaliesonB.whichplatedoesChinalieonC.whetherChinaliesonthePacificplateornotD.whetherChinaliesonthePacificplateortheIndianp
25、late(B)3.(2017广东三模)Wedidntexpect.Me,either.Hesaidhecouldntstandtheheatanymore.A.thatPeterwillmovefromHaikoutoDaliB.thatPeterwouldmovefromHaikoutoDaliC.whyPeterwillmovefromHaikoutoDaliD.whyPeterwouldmovefromHaikoutoDali37考点1考点2(B)4.(2017广东一模)“Studentsmadenomistakesintodaysexercisespleaseraiseyourhand
26、s.”theteachersaid.A.which B.who C.whatD.whose(C)5.(2017广东二模)AuldLangSyneisanIrisbfolksongremindsusofouroldfriendsandthegoodolddays.A.what B.who C.thatD.whose(B)6.(2017广东三模)Frank,couldwepointtheroomtogethertomorrow?Sure,ifIfreetomorrow.A.beB.amC.willbeD.amgoingtobe38考点1考点2(D)7.Whatdidtheteachersayjus
27、tnow?Heaskedme.A.howcouldIworkitoutB.whendidIgotothelibraryC.whyIamlateforschoolD.iftheearthmovesaroundthesun(A)8.Isthishistorymuseumyouvisitedin2015?Indeed.A.thatB.theoneC.whereD.one(D)9.Doyouknowtoourschool?Nextmonth.A.whendoesthefamouswritercomeB.whenthefamouswritercomesC.whenwillthefamouswriterc
28、omeD.whenthefamouswriterwillcome39考点1考点2(B)10.Kate,canyoutellmetothenewlibrary?Ofcourse,lastSunday.A.whendidyougoB.whenyouwentC.whenwillyougoD.whenyouwillgo40【技巧1】“主从”判定法中考复合句的考查,要根据主从句的意思来判断答案,解答此类试题,要注意分析句子前后的关系。【典例透析】(2016淮安中考)Iusuallysleepwiththewindowopenitsreallycold.A.ifB.becauseC.so D.unless
29、【解析】句意:我通常开着窗户睡觉,除非天气确实冷。if“如果”,引导条件状语从句;because“因为”,引导原因状语从句;so“所以”,引导结果状语从句;unless“除非”,引导条件状语从句。根据后句“天气确实冷”可知,此句是条件状语从句,故选D。41【技巧2】句序判定法在含有宾语从句的复合句中,从句的语序要用陈述语序。根据这一原则能够解答大部分题目。【典例透析】(2017乌鲁木齐中考)Charliefinallytoldme.A.whyhewasangrywithmeB.whathewilldothisweekendC.whodidheplayvolleyballwithD.whendo
30、eshegettoschool【解析】考查宾语从句。宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,特殊疑问词在前,后面是陈述句语序,由此排除C和D;宾语从句中主句的谓语动词使用一般过去时的时候,从句应用过去范围内的时态,由此排除B。故选A。42【技巧3】连词判定法中考对宾语从句的考查除了语序之外,还考查连接词。要选择正确的连接词,关键是要弄清句意,可以用替代法判断答案。【典例透析】(2017江苏徐州)Wehaventdecidedyetwewillplaceournewfurniture.A.where B.whatC.whyD.which【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词辨析。句意应该是:我们还没有决定将把我们的新家具
31、放哪儿。故选A。43【技巧4】还原先行词中考对定语从句的考查主要是考查关系代词。首先,可以把先行词还原到从句中。其次,在选择关系词时,看先行词是指人还是指物,然后看关系词在从句中充当的成分,从而做出正确判断。【典例透析】(2016新疆中考)DoyouknowthegirlhasgotanAintheEnglishexam?Yes.Sheismyclassmate.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose【解析】句意:你认识那个在英语考试中得A的女孩吗?是的。她是我的同学。句中的先行词是thegirl,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以用who。故选A。441.Friendsaretho
32、seDmakeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.A.which B.whatC.whomD.who2.DoesanyoneknowB?IhearthatshewasborninZhejiangProvince.A.whatFuYuanhuiis B.whereFuYuanhuiwasbornC.whenFuYuanhuiwasbornD.whichcountryisFuYuanhuifrom3.WewerewatchingnewsaboutG20onTVAthetelephonerang.A.when B.s
33、inceC.beforeD.though4.DoyouknowwhenTonyAhere?Icantwaittoseehim.Dontworry.Whenhe,Illtellyou.A.willcome;comesB.came;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.came;willcome455.ChinaDreamisBattractivealloftheChinesepeopleareinterestedinit.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.too;toD.enough;to6.Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms?Verygo
34、od.IlikeclothesAmakemefeelcomfortable.A.thatB.whatC.whoD./7.OursuccessdependsonCeveryoneworkshardornot.A.ifB.how C.whether D.what8.ThereissomethingwrongwithmanystudentseyesBtheyenjoywatchingTVorplayingcomputergames.A.sothatB.becauseC.evenifD.as9.ItssaidthatZhangJiewillcometoourcity.Really?Checomes,m
35、ybrotherwillbeveryhappy.A.ThoughB.WhenC.IfD.Because4610.ImafraidIwontpasstheexamDIworkhard.A.wheneverB.becauseC.ifD.unless11.TheelephanthasBastrongbodyitcandoheavyworkforpeople.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.such;soD.so;and12.IlookedthroughmytestpaperagainandagainCIwouldntmakeanymistakes.A.soB.becauseC.sothatD.and13.InChinaandsomeothercountries,itisimpolitetospeakloudlyByouarehavingameal.A.beforeB.whileC.afterD.though14.WewontgotoplayfootballthisafternoonCtherainstops.A.afterB.ifC.unlessD.when4715.HestillkeepsontryingBthereislittlehope.A.butB.eventhoughC.becauseD.so48
