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1、Grammar构词法构词法 (Word Formation) 英语主要有三种构词法英语主要有三种构词法:1.派生派生(Derivation):通过加前缀或后缀构成通过加前缀或后缀构成另外一个词另外一个词: e.g. happy- unhappy (加前加前缀缀) - happiness (加后缀加后缀) 2.合成合成(Compounding):由两个或更多的词合由两个或更多的词合成一个词成一个词 e.g. wood(木木)+ cut(刻刻)-woodcut(木木刻刻)3.转化转化(Conversion) 由一个词类转化为另一由一个词类转化为另一个词类个词类: e.g. water (n.)水水
2、 - water (v.)浇水浇水前缀前缀 un-dis-im- mis- re- anti- 后缀后缀-er -or -ness -ment-tion -less -ful -ward(s)派生词派生词 DerivationGuess the meaning Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when theyre being stare at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they
3、repeat the experiments and see for themselves.”A.value B. result B.C. performance D. connection合成词合成词 Compoundpain-killercolor- blindsleep-walksleep-walker1. 合成名词合成名词 (1) n+n air conditioner blood pressure income tax credit card (2) adj + n central bank fast food空调空调 血压血压所得税所得税 信用卡信用卡中央银行中央银行 快餐快餐 s
4、olar system remote control (3) v-ing +另一词另一词 washing machine driving license (4) 其他方式其他方式 by-product editor-in-chief太阳系太阳系 遥控遥控洗衣机洗衣机驾驶执照驾驶执照副产品副产品主编主编2. 合成形容词合成形容词 (1) 过去分词或带过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。词尾的词构成。 absent-minded grey-haired (2) 动词的动词的ing 或另一词构成或另一词构成 long-suffering far-reaching心不在焉的心不在焉的头发灰白的头发灰白的长期
5、受苦的长期受苦的深远的深远的(影响影响)3. 合成动词及合成副词合成动词及合成副词 overeat baby-sit empty-handed 吃得太多吃得太多看孩子看孩子 一无所获的一无所获的1. He was one of the best _ in yesterdays football match. (play)2. Look! How _ Kate is laughing! (happy)3. It snowed _ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)4. Edison was a great _
6、. During his life he had many _. (invent)players happily heavily inventor inventions 构词法精练构词法精练 Use the appropriate form of the words to fill in the blanks.5. More and more _ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）6. We want _ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)7. Please give me
7、 some reference work. It will _ my task. (simple)8. The boy had the _ of being half starved. (appear)9. The police have _ a plot against the President. (cover)10. The doctor said that Marys mother needed an _.(operate) foreigners satisfactory simplify appearance uncovered operation 11. She hoped tha
8、t her son would become a _. (music)12. Few _ words made us excited. (speak)13. The days on the moon get hotter than _ water. (boil)14. Thank you for your _. (kind)15. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make some money for their college _ . (expensive)16. Most int
9、ernational _ letters are written in English, too. (busy)musician spoken boiling kindness expenses business 17. The boy noticed an _ mistake on his paper, but he decided not to say anything about it. (correct)18. When in Rome, do as the _ do. (Rome)19. The teacher was pleased with her _. (honest)20. The mother didnt know why her daughter was crying _. (noise) uncorrected Romans honesty noisily
