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1、四级考试作文题型分析ppt课件Stillwatersrundeep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深Wherethereislife,thereishope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望四级作文从试题角度可以分为现象解释型、问现象解释型、问题解决型、题解决型、对比选择类、对比选择类、谚语解释分析谚语解释分析。四六级命题组总结在这四种类型当中，现象解现象解释型释型的考试几率最高，考生需特别注意。下面具体解释这四种类型：一、 现象解释型 命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论。 写作方法：描述现象分析原因对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。 让我们来看下历年四级作文
2、命题：(1) (1) 2012年6月 OnExcessivePackaging(2) 2010年6月DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling(3) 2009年12月CreatingaGreenCampus(4) 2009年6月FreeAdmissiontoMuseums(5) 2008年6月RecreationalActivities20122012年年6 6月英语四级月英语四级题目：题目：OnExcessivePackaging提纲：1. 目前很多商品存在过度包装现象 2. 出现这一现象的原因 3. 我对这一现象的看法和建议 此话题是一个常见的社会话题,相对来说
3、比较容易下笔。从结构上说,这篇作文只需把三条提纲扩展为三个段落即可：第一段提出本文所讨论的现象过度包装盛行;第二段分析产生这种现象的原因;第三段提出自己的看法和建议。OnExcessivePackagingIncontemporarysociety,ithasbecomeatrendformanyproductsoritemstobeexcessivelypackaged.Inthemeanwhile,anincreasingnumberofcustomersfinditmoreexpensivetopurchasethesegoods.Takingalookaround,wecanfinda
4、greatmanyexamplesinsupermarkets:excessivepackagesoffood,clothesandgifts.Itisevidentthatthecausesofthisphenomenonarediverse.Inthefirstplace,somecustomerspsychologicalneedistherootcause.Thesepackagesbringthesenseofbeauty,arousepeoplesenthusiasmtobuy,andhelpmanufacturerstopromotesale.Inthesecondplace,i
5、tisthesepackagesthatenableshopstobuildupafoundationforadvertising.Asamatteroffact,industriesinmountingnumbershavecometorealizethenecessityofpackagingforsale.However,asacustomer,Iamconvincedthatqualityofgoodsisofgreatimportance.Thus,weshouldeducate,advocateandencourageourfriends,classmatesandacquaint
6、ancestobuygoodswithoutexcessivepackages.(170words)2010年6月题目：DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling提纲：1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视 写； 2.出现这个现象的原因是 3.为了改变这种状况，我认为DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpellingCorrectspellingisabasicskillinEnglishstudy.However,nowadaysmanystudentsdonotpaymuchattentiontoit。Theyhavetheirownreason
7、sformisspelling.Firstofall,theylikeaneasywayofstudying,whichcausessomeomissionsandchangesinspelling.Second,theteachersmightnotbeverystrictinstudentsspelling.InChina,teachersseemtobemoreconcernedwithgrammarandvocabularybutnotspelling。Tochangethissituation,inmyopinion,theteachersandthestudentsshouldwo
8、rktogether.Ononehand,theteachersshouldgivemoreattentiontostudentsspelling,askingthestudentstobeconsciousoftheimportanceofcorrectspellingfromtheverybeginningoftheirEnglishstudy.Ontheotherhand,thestudentsthemselvesaresupposedtobeawarethatcorrectspellingisamustinEnglishstudy。Tosumup,correctspellingisso
9、importantthatbothstudentsandtheteachersshouldsparenoeffortstoachievecorrectspelling。 2009年12月 题目：CreatingaGreenCampus 提纲：1. 建设绿色校园很重要 2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境 3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该 首先指出建设绿色校园这一现象很重要，然后叙述建设绿色校园的意义，最后为建设绿色校园提出良好建议。Creating a Green CampusRecently,withtheideaofmakingandmaintaining“agreenearth”beingth
10、efocusofthesociety,“greencampus”hasbecomeamoreandmorepopularconceptinuniversitiesorcolleges,which,undoubtedly,willbringusanever-lastingbenefittobothourcampusandoursociety.Theconceptof“greencampus”doesnotonlymeanagreenenvironmentbutalsoreferstoanenvironmentalsenseinpeoplesmind.Campusplaysacrucialrole
11、ineducatingtheyounggenerationandtheconsciousnessof“greencampus”willdefinitelyproduceaprofoundeffectonstudentsvariousenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesaftertheirgraduation.Whatsmore,theyounggenerationisundertheburdenofsevereenvironmentalpollutionandtherearemanyproblemswaitingforthemtosolve.Tomake“gree
12、ncampus”cometrue,firstly,itisnecessarytoworkouteffectiveprinciplesforthedevelopmentofsustainableandrecyclablecampus.Secondly,itcallsforpeoplesawarenessoftheseriouspollutionaroundusandactualactiontoreducethewaste.Lastbutnotleast,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetiesbetweencampusandsociety,soastoensurethat
13、“greencampus”canworksmoothlywiththeco-effortofthewholesociety.2009年6月题目： FreeAdmissiontoMuseums提纲： 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放 的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？考生可依据此写作模式来展开论述：引出问题指出问题作者看法FreeAdmissiontoMuseumsNowadays,anincreasingnumberofmuseumsareadmission-freetovisitorshomeandabroad.Thehiddenreasonbehindthisisn
14、othardtoanalyzeastheresagrowingawarenessfortheauthoritiesregardingtheurgencyofpopularizationofculture,knowledgeandhistorywitheveryaveragepersoninoursociety.Onlywithfreeaccesstothislivedatabase,canmostpeoplefullyenjoywhatmuseumscouldoffertothem.However,freeadmissiontomuseumsmightleadtosomesocialprobl
15、emsaswell.Themostobviousproblemisthatitmightgivemuseumsaveryheavyeconomicburdenwhichdirectlyimpedesthesustainabledevelopmentoftheseorganizations.Asaresult,ourgovernmenthastoworkoutotherwaystocollectfundsfromdifferentchannels,whichmightbedifficulttooperateorcontrol.Ontheotherhand,freeadmissionattract
16、stoomanyvisitors,someofwhichmightnotbewell-purposedanddosomeconsciousorunconsciousdamagetothevaluabletreasureswhichusedtobewell-preservedinthemuseums.Asauniversitystudent,Iaminfavorofthefree-admissionconduct.Yetitisproposedthatsomemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvethepotentialproblemscausedbyit.Forexample
17、,museumscanmakesomeregulationstoguidethebehaviorofvisitorsorsetsome“closed”daysformuseumsforregularmaintenance.Onlyinthiswaycanfree-admissiontomuseumsbecomealong-lastingphenomenonandhavesustainabledevelopment.2008年6月题目：RecreationalActivities提纲：1. 娱乐活动多种多样 2. 娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性 3. 作为大学生，我的看法Recreati
18、onalActivitiesWiththedevelopmentoftheeconomy,awiderangeofcreationalactivitiesareinvariablyavailable,fromwatchingmoviestoplayingbasketballandsoon.Justbecausetherearesomanyrecreationalactivities,wemusttreatthemappropriately.Somepeoplethinkrecreationalactivitiesarebeneficialtoourlives.Therearemanyfacto
19、rsthatmayaccountforit.Recreationalactivitiesnotonlycanenrichourlife,butalsobuildourbody.Moreover,wecanimprovetheopportunitytocommunicatewithourfamilymembersandfriendsandmakemanynewfriendsbecausemostactivitiescanbedonewithothers.Ontheotherhand,manykindsofrecreationalactivitiesmayhavesomebadeffectonou
20、rlives.Forexample,ifwespendtoomuchtimeonit,itwilldelayourworkorstudy.AsfarasImconcerned,weshouldkeepabalancebetweenrecreationalactivitiesandourworkorstudy.Wecanmakebestuseoftheadvantages,meanwhile,payattentiontothebadeffectsthatwillinfluenceourlife.Exercise:Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minu
21、testowriteacompositionofnolessthan120wordsonthetopicTheCelebrationofWesternFestivals.1.现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日；2.产生这种现象的原因；3.这个现象可能带来的影响。TheCelebrationofWesternFestivalsNowadays,anincreasingnumberofChinesepeoplearefondofcelebratingsomeWesternfestivals.Forexample,theysendchocolateandflowerstotheirbelovedo
22、nValentinesDay.Inaddition,theymakefoolofothersaswhatwesternersdoonAprilFoolsDay.Therearemanyfactorscontributingtothisphenomenon.Amongallthesefactors,languagelearningplaysacriticalrole.MoreyouthsareexposedtowesterncultureandfestivalsthroughlearningEnglish.Moreover,someWesternfestivalsofferpeopleanopp
23、ortunitytoenjoytherelaxingandcomfortableatmosphere,whichattractsalargenumberofChinesepeople.Besides,manybusinessmenviewforeignfestivalsasgoldenopportunitiestomakemoney,sotheymaytrydesperatelytoboosttheatmosphereofforeignfestivals.Inmyopinion,ChinesepeoplecelebratingWesternfestivalshasbothadvantagesa
24、nddisadvantages.Ontheonehand,bycelebratingWesternfestivals,peoplehavemoreopportunitiestoshowtheiraffectiontoothersandtogettogether.However,ontheotherhand,ourownhome-grownfestivalscrucialrolesmaybeweakenedtosomeextent.Therefore,wemustkeepabalancebetweentheWesternfestivalsandourtraditionalfestivals.二、
25、 问题解决型 此类作文要求考生从提示性文字入手，解释提示性文字反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性；然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。基本方法：提出问题分析问题解决问题。(1) 2010年12月HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent(2) 2008年12月LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags20102010年年1212月月 题目：How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? 提纲：
26、1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切 2. 为了让孩子独立,父母应该 此篇是典型的问题解决型文章。这样文章开头有一个背景引入：父母为孩子包办一切。观点很明确：这样是有危害的，家长应该让孩子们独立！接下来就是该怎么做。但是提纲只给了两点，需要我们写出三段，这样段落安排可参考如下：（一）第一段：背景和危害第二段：解决第三段：展望注：第二段是重点（二）（二）第一段：背景第二段：危害第三段：解决和展望注：第三段是重点HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?TodayinChina,manyfamilieshaveonlyonechild.Sothechild
27、renusuallydoteduponbyallfamilymembers.Graduallysomeofthemgetusedtodependingontheirparentsandfamilymembers,asaresulttheylacktheabilitytofacetheirlivesbythemselves.Therearesomewaystohelpchildrentobeindependent.First,thechildshouldhaveachancetoseetheworldaroundhimindividuallytounderstandthattherearevar
28、iouspeopleandcompetitionsintheirlives,andlearntofindhisrightpositioninthesocietyonlybyindividualefforts.Second,itisimpossibletoaskachildnottodependonparentsatonce.Theparentsmaygivethechildenoughhelpandspacetomakehimfeelcomfortable.Achildneedshelpfromtheirfamilies.Becausewithoutanyhelp,thechildmaylos
29、ehisfaith.Thirdly,parentscanhelptheirchildrenmaketheirowndecisions,whichcanchallengehisabilitytodealwithproblems.Achildshouldbepraisedwhenheissuccessfulorencouragedwhenhefails.Tobeindependentisvitalforthechildren,becausenoparentscangowiththeirchildrenforthewholelife.Onlyanindependentpersoncanliveand
30、enjoyafullandmeaningfullife.20082008年年1212月月题目：LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags 本次四级考试考查的是一次性塑料袋的使用问题。环保问题，是热门话题之一。 答题思路：答题思路： 1一次性塑料袋给人们生活带来便利； 广为使用。 2. 由此带来的问题，举例子。 3限制使用塑料袋的意义，理论与实际相结合。 LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBagsNowadayswemayfindourselvessurroundedbyaseaofdisposableplasticbags.And
31、recentlytheproblemsofusingdisposableplasticbagshavebeenbroughtintopeoplesfocus.Firstofall,theuseofdisposableplasticbagscausesirreversibleharmtoourenvironment.Asthesebagsarenotbiodegradable,theyareblockingthedrainagesystemandcausingwaterpollution.Whatsmore,customersusingdisposableplasticbagsmaythinkt
32、hattheyareofgreatconvenience.Butwhattheydontquiterealizeisthattherewillberemarkablenegativeimpactonourhealth.Andsometimescarelessdisposalofthesebagsmayevenpoisonsomeinnocentanimals.Inviewoftheseverityofthisissue,effectivemeasureshavebeentakeninourcountry.Therehasbeenastrictlimitontheusingofdisposabl
33、eplasticbagsinsupermarkets,whichnotonlyenhancespeoplesawarenessonenvironmentalprotectionbutalsoprotectsourhealth.Exrecise:Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan120wordsonthetopicEnergyResources.提纲：1.目前中国的能源资源比较丰富；2.但这些能源可能很快被耗竭；3.为避免未来的能源危机，我们该做些什么？分析：根据提纲，我们可以确
34、定短文写成三段：1.能源现状：Chinaisrichinvariousenergyresources.2.能源危机：Theseenergyresourcesarebeinguseduprapidly.3.解决措施：Toavoidenergycrisis,Sample:EnergyResourcesChinaisrichinvariousenergyresources.Coalandpetroleum,forinstance,aretwomajorones.Theyareessentialindevelopingthecountrysindustry,scienceandtechnology.C
35、hinahasdoneagreatdealinthepastfewdecadestoraisetheoutputofcoalandpetroleum.Theseenergyresourcesarenotinexhaustible,however,andarebeinguseduprapidly.Withthebuildingoffourmodernizations,newindustrialandscientificprojectsarespringuplikebambooshootsafteraspringrain.Theyareenormousconsumersofenergy.Besid
36、es,therehasbeengreatwasteinusingthesenaturalenergyresources.Toavoidthealmostsureenergycrisisinthefuture,somestepsmustbetakenimmediately.First,ourgovernmentshouldmakethepeopleaware,througheducation,oftheimportanceofsavingenergy.Second,effortsshouldbemadeinopeningupnew,cleanerandinexhaustibleenergysou
37、rcessuchassolarenergy,geothermalenergyandnuclearenergy.Wehavereasonstobeoptimisticinthisrespect,butwemustbepessimisticifwejustwaitforthefossilenergiestobewastedandusedup.三、对比选择类 此类话题为就某一现象的利弊进行对比分析，并最终阐述自己的观点。 写作方法： 指出现象正反两面论证本人的建议 历年考题： 2011年6月OnlineShopping2011年6月题目：OnlineShopping. 提纲：1现在网上购物已成为一种
38、时尚 2网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题 3我的建议 此话题密切联系生活现实，题目中的提纲已展示文章结构，考生只需依次铺陈开来。 本文宜写成三段：第一段提出网购现象，为让读者感到具体形象，最好紧接着举一些细节；第二段先指出网购的好处，再指出网购的问题，两个方面都需一些细节、略作展开；第三段简洁地提出自己的建议。Online ShoppingWiththehelpoftheeverrapiddevelopmentofinternettechnology,onlineshoppingiscomingintofashioninmostofcities.Onlineshoppingiswelcome
39、dbymostpeopleduetovariousreasons.Fromtheperspectiveofconsumer,itcansavesometimeforpeoplewhodonthavemuchsparetime.Justclickthemouse,theycangetwhatevertheywantwhilestayingathome.Fortheretailers,itcancutsomecostsforthosewhodonthavemuchcirculatingfunds.Theydonthavetorentahouseandspendmoneyonemployeescom
40、paredwiththetraditionaltrademode.However,therearestillsomedefectsinonlineshopping.First,lakeoffacetofacedealmakesonlineshoppinglessreliableandtrustworthy.Second,peoplewilllosethefunofbargain.Itisundeniablethatshoppingontheinternethasbecomeanirresistibletrendinmodernsociety.Itsofgreaturgencythatwenee
41、dtoregulatetherelativelawsinaccordancewiththerapidgrowthofonlineshopping.Onlyinthiswaycanweenjoythepleasureandconvenienceofonlineshoppingwithouttheconcernofbeingcheated.Exercise: Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan120wordsonthetopiccollegestudentsSocialPracti
42、ce.Youshouldbaseyourcompositionontheinstructionbelow: 近年来，一些大学生利用节假日进行社会实践。请就社会实践的好处及可能带来的副作用加以论述，并提出自己的观点和建议。分析：可根据标题和提示，构思出如下提纲：1.现状-导入主题2.大学生社会实践的好处3.大学生社会实践可能带来的副作用4.我们的建议Sample:CollegeStudentsSocialPracticeSocialpracticehasbeenmoreandmorepopularinuniversitiesandcolleges.Studentsareaskedtoenteri
43、ntothesocietyandtrytogetintotouchwithsocietyinordertogetsomeideaofthesociety.Surelysocialpracticehasmanyadvantages.Firstly,socialpracticecanofferthestudentsachancetocontactwiththesocietyandgetsomeideaofthesociety,inthiswaythestudentscangainsomevaluablesocialexperienceswhichwillbehelpfultotheirfuture
44、career.Secondly,thestudentscanapplywhattheyhavelearnedinclasstothepracticalwork,whichwillmakethemknowthemselvesmoreclearly.Thirdly,somesocialpracticecanbringthemsomeprofitanditcanmakethemmoreindependentoftheirfamily.However,someproblemswillariseifthecorrectguidenceisnotmade.Forexample,somestudentsge
45、tmoreinterestedinsocialpracticeandwanttoworkthewholedayandgetsomemoney,thusneglectingtheirstudy.Andsomestudentsarelikelytoobservethesocietypartially,whichwillaffecttheirfuturestudy.Inordertocarryoutthesocialpracticesmoothly,thestudentsshouldfirstknowtheirobjectives.Theyshouldputtheirstudyinthefirstp
46、laceandthesocialpracticeisjustasupplementoftheircollegestudy,sotheyoughttotrytostrikeabalancebetweensocialpracticeandtheirstudy.四、谚语解释分析2011年12月题目：NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonth
47、ehumoroussaying,Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.Ivedoneithundredsoftimes.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillNogreatworkcanbeperformedwithoutwill.Weenvyfamousmenandimaginethatfamewasduetosometrickofluck.Butwhenweknowtheirhistories,wefindthat
48、itislongyearsofwillandconstanteffortthathavebroughtabouttheirsuccess.Justaswecantreachthetopofamountainwithoutclimbing,wecantachievesuccesswithoutwill.Themodernsocietyprovidespeoplewithmoreopportunitiesthanbefore,andtherearestorieswhichtellusthepossibilityofbecomingsuccessfulovernight.Actuallythatis
49、notthecase.Beforethesepeoplebecomesuccessful,alotofhardworkhasbeendone,unnoticedmostly.Whatweusuallyseeistheresult,butwhatweignoreisalongprocessofstrugglingforwardandwrestlingwithinternalorexternalobstacles.Take“quittingsmoking”forexample,whichis,tomostpeople,adifficulttask,sopeoplealwaysgiveuptheid
50、eafortheydonthavethestrongwill.Inanutshell,strongwillisanimportantconditionorroleofthesuccesstheindividualshoulddesiretomaintainforever.Thereisnoinstantsuccessinthisworld.Strongwillisthebestpolicytomakeyourlifedistinctandyourdreamscometrue.Exercise:Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowrit
51、eashortessayentitledTheImportanceofSettingAnAimbycommentingonR.Petersremark“Haveanaiminlife,oryourenergieswillbeallwasted.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Sample:TheImportanceofSettingAnAimR.Petersremark“Haveanaiminlife,oryourenergieswillbeallwasted.”tellsusthatsettingaimsdetermine
52、sthedestinationtoget.Foranyone,whetherstudentsorworkers,thereisnodoubtthataimsplayanimportantroleinlife.ThinkingaboutBasilS.Walshsremark,“Ifyoudontknowwhereyouaregoing,howcanyouexpecttogetthere?”Thatistosay,whereveryougo,firstofall,youshallhaveacleardestination;otherwise,youwillgetlostandneverreacht
53、heplaceyoudesiretoarrive.Tosomeextent,aclearaimislikeabeacon,whichgivesyoudirection,hopeandstrength.Asisknowntoall,settingaimsisquiteessential.AllofusshouldkeepR.Petersremarkinmind,settinganaim,otherwisewewouldhavewastedourenergies.Onlywhenweidentifywhatwewanttobeortodofromtheverybeginningcanwehavegreatchancestoreachourgoals.
