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1、SECTION GRAMMARX INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑一二三一、当你和朋友谈论过去的经历时,常用哪些句型1.2.3.4.5.答案:略X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑一二三二、指出下列谚语中的定语从句1.Notallthatglittersisgold.(闪
2、光的不都是金子。)定语从句:2.Hewhowouldclimbtheladdermustbeginatthebottom.(千里之行,始于足下。)定语从句:3.Nothingistoodifficulttothemanwholltry.(世上无难事,只要肯登攀。)定语从句:4.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.(谁笑到最后,谁笑得最美。)定语从句:thatglitterswhowouldclimbtheladderwholltrywholaughslastX INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEH
3、UO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑一二三5.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.(自助者天助之。)定语从句:6.Hethatrespectsnotisnotrespected.(欲受人敬,要先敬人。)定语从句:7.Thereisnofoxthatishonest;thereisnotigerthatdoesnteatman.(没有不狡猾的狐狸,没有不吃人的豺狼。)定语从句:8.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for-nothing.(不懂装懂
4、,一事无成。)定语从句:9.Itisthosewhohavebroughthappinesstothepeoplethatwillfeelthehappinessthemselves.(只有给别人幸福的人,他们自己才幸福。)定语从句:whohelpthemselvesthatrespectsnotthatishonest;thatdoesnteatmanwhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingwhohavebroughthappinesstothepeopleX INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOX
5、UE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑一二三三、从Reading部分的A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEP中,找出至少5个含有定语从句的句子1.2.3.4.5.6.X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑一二三答案:1.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,we
6、reasleepasusualthatnight.2.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometresaway.3.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.4.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.5.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappeda
7、ndtoburythedead.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑定语从句() 1.定语从句的定义定语从句在句中作定语,修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句,被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句是先
8、行词不可缺少的部分,去掉从句后主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明,去掉从句后不会影响主句的意思,与主句之间通常用逗号分开。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.翻译:答案:正在踢足球的男孩子们是一班的。Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.翻译:答案:深爱着他的妈妈对他要求
9、很严格。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑2.that既可以指物,也可以指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但不能跟在介词后引导定语从句。阅读下列句子,指出定语从句的先行词和引导词:Thewomanthatrushedoutoftheroomjustnowwasangrywithyou.刚才冲出房间的那位女士生你的气了。(that指人,在从句中作主语)先行词:引导词:答案:thewoman;thatThisisthe
10、novelthatinterestsme.这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。(that指物,在从句中作主语)先行词:引导词:答案:thenovel;thatX INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑Themagazine(that)Iboughtyesterdayislost.我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(that指物,在从句中作宾语)先行词:引导词:答案:themagazine;that3.which用于指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可
11、以省略,但跟在介词后引导定语从句时不能省略。【高考典句】(2015湖南高考)Itisatrulydelightfulplace,whichlooksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.(which在从句中作主语)翻译:答案:这真是一个令人愉快的地方,这里的蜿蜒的街道和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DA
12、YI JIEHUO答疑解惑Theradio(which)heboughtyesterdaydoesntwork.(which作动词bought的宾语)翻译:答案:他昨天买的收音机坏了。ThisisthehouseinwhichIoncelived.(which作介词in的宾语)翻译:答案:这是我曾经住过的房子。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑4.who用于指人,可作主语或宾语,在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,但直接跟在介词后时需用
13、whom引导从句,且不能省略。单句填空:Themanistalkingwithmyfatherisapoliceman.正在与我父亲谈话的那个人是警察。答案:who/thatTheprofessoryouwishtoseehasgoneabroad.你希望见的那位教授出国了。答案:who/whom/that或不填Heisthedoctoryourmotherspoke.他就是与你母亲谈过话的那位医生。答案:to/withwhomX INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导
14、学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑5.whose既可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中作定语。阅读下列句子,指出whose引导的定语从句的先行词指人还是物:12Thisisthewomanscientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。先行词是表示的单词。答案:thewomanscientist;人13Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。先行词是表示的单词。答案:aroom;物X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE
15、新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑6.在以下情况中用that不用which。(1)当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。14Allthatisneededhasbeenbought.翻译:答案:所需要的一切都已经买了。(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。15Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetsomefood.翻译:答案:要做的第一件事是弄些吃的。(3)当先行词被thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。16Thatstheonlythingthatwecandono
16、w.翻译:答案:那是现在我们唯一能做的事。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑(4)当先行词既指人又指物时。17Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheysawinthefactory.翻译:答案:他们谈论起在工厂里看到的人和事。(5)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。18Lucyisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.翻译:答案:露西已经不是过去的她了。(6)当要避免与疑问词
17、which重复时。19WhichisthecarthatwasmadeinBeijing?翻译:答案:哪辆车是在北京制造的?X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑(7)当先行词为数词时。20Hebroughttwocatsyesterday.NowIcanseethetwothatareplayinginthegarden.翻译:答案:他昨天带来两只猫。现在我能看到它们在花园里玩耍。(8)当主句是therebe结构时,修饰其主语且主语
18、指物的定语从句用that。21ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoFrank.翻译:答案:桌子上的那本书是弗兰克的。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑7.以下情况中用which不用that。单句填空:(1)关系词前有逗号,即引导非限制性定语从句时。22Hehasawalkeverynight,which(do)goodtohim.他每晚都散步,这对他有好处。答案:does(2)当关系代词前有介词且先
19、行词指物时。23HereisthecaraboutItoldyou.这就是我向你谈到过的那辆汽车。答案:whichX INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑(3)当关系代词之后有插入成分时。24Ihavereceivedyourletter,asIhavetoldyou,isbadlyneededbythepress.我已收到您的来信,这封信,正如我所告诉您的,是新闻界急需的。答案:which(4)为了避免重复,一个用that,另一个则用
20、which。25LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlyopentous.让我给你看看那本刚刚从新开的图书馆借来的小说。答案:whichX INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑8.通常用who代表人而不用that作关系代词的情况。(1)当先行词是one,ones,anyone,those或all时。26Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.翻译:答案:
21、谁那样做都一定是疯了。(2)在therebe结构中,先行词指人时。27Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.翻译:答案:有一个年轻人想见你。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑(3)当先行词是表示人的名词,且后面有较长的修饰语时。28Imetafriendofmineintheparkyesterdaywhohadgotthreemedalsinthesportsmeeting.翻译:答案:昨天我在公园里
22、见到了我的一个朋友,他在运动会上获得了三块奖牌。(4)当先行词是人称代词I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚语中),只能用who。29HewhofailstoreachtheGreatWallisntatrueman.翻译:答案:不到长城非好汉。X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE 新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学DAYI JIEHUO答疑解惑
