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1、第一单元知识点第一单元知识点1knowabout了解了解情况情况你对传染疾病了解多少？你对传染疾病了解多少？whatdoyouknowaboutinfectiousdisease?有些事我想了解一下有些事我想了解一下thereissomethingIwanttoknowaboutknowof听说过听说过Iknowofit,butididntknowitwell.2.explainexplainsbsth(F)explainsthtosb(T)表示表示“向某人解释某事向某人解释某事”时，时，sb.前必须使用介词前必须使用介词to，即，即explaintosbsth=explainsthtosb。
2、Eg.Heexplainedtheoutlineofhisplantous.explain的名词为的名词为explanation。3.characteristic=featureAcharacteristicofthecamelisitsabilitytoliveforalongtimewithoutwater.4.pass sth from “从处传来，传下“ pass by 路过，经过 pass down 把传下来 pass on 传递，传授1.Thetraditionis_theirancestors.2.Thisspiritshouldbepassed_fromgenerationto
3、generation.3.Passtheletter_tothepersonnexttoyou.4.Somanypeoplepass_andnevernoticethechange.1.passedfrom2.down3.on4.by5Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做.的方法”她给我们示范清洗它的办法.She showed us the way of cleanin
4、g it.= She showed us the way to clean it.the way引导的定语从句的引导词有三种, 可以用that;可以用in which;还可以省略.I dont like the way _ you speak to your father.与way相关的短语:by the way 顺便说顺便说,顺便问一下顺便问一下by way of 通过的方法lose ones way 迷路no way 没门，别想feel ones way 摸黑走，谨慎从事on ones way to 在去的路上in this way=by this means=with this meth
5、od 用这种方法6putforward=comeupwithHeputforwardaplanatthemeeting.Theyputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.知识延伸知识延伸：putaway收好收好putdown记下记下;镇压镇压puton穿上穿上putoff耽误耽误;延期延期putout熄灭熄灭(灯灯);扑灭扑灭(火火)putup建立建立;张贴张贴putupwith=cantstand忍受，容忍忍受，容忍7concludeThosearethefacts;whatdoyouconcludefrom them?那些都是事实那些都是事实,你能从
6、中得出什么结论你能从中得出什么结论?Conclude(fromsth)that（从某事）得出结论（从某事）得出结论Theteacherconcludedtheclassbyonesentence.老师以一句话总结了这节课。老师以一句话总结了这节课。draw / reach/ come to/arrive atdraw / reach/ come to/arrive ataconclusion得出结论得出结论我得出结论你在说谎我得出结论你在说谎Icame to/drew /reachedcame to/drew /reachedtheconclusionthatyouwerelying.inco
7、nclusion总而言之，总之总而言之，总之Conclude(fromsth)that（从某事）得（从某事）得出结论出结论Theteacherconcludedtheclassbyonesentence.老师以一句话总结了这节课。老师以一句话总结了这节课。draw / reach/ come to/arrive ataconclusion得出结论得出结论我得出结论你在说谎我得出结论你在说谎Icame to/drew /reachedtheconclusionthatyouwerelying.inconclusion总而言之，总之总而言之，总之8.defeatdefeattheEnglishtr
8、oops.打败了英国军队打败了英国军队Hedefeatedthechampioninthreesetswin/beat/defeatwin“win“赢得，获胜赢得，获胜赢得，获胜赢得，获胜”后接奖品，奖金，名誉，财产后接奖品，奖金，名誉，财产后接奖品，奖金，名誉，财产后接奖品，奖金，名誉，财产beat“beat“击败，战胜击败，战胜击败，战胜击败，战胜”，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人defeat“defeat“击败，战胜击败，战胜击败，战胜击败，战胜”，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌，后接竞争
9、队伍或者对手，敌，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人，（此用法同人，（此用法同人，（此用法同人，（此用法同beatbeat）; ;疾病等疾病等疾病等疾病等1.Mary_thefirstplaceinthecompetition.2.Ourschool_theirschoolatfootball.3.I_Johnatchessyesterday.winbeat/defeatedbeat/defeated9expertexpert专家；高手；权威。专家；高手；权威。anagriculturalexpert农业专家农业专家expert也可以作形容词，也可以作形容词，“熟练的；老练的；熟练的；老练的；经验（或
10、知识）丰富的经验（或知识）丰富的”anexpertrider熟练的骑手熟练的骑手SophielearnedtocookChinesefoodwiththehelpofexpertchefs.内行厨师内行厨师10attend (1)tobepresentat(1)tobepresentat出席出席出席出席, ,到场到场到场到场. .如如如如: : attendschoolattendschool上学上学上学上学 attendalectureattendalecture听讲座听讲座听讲座听讲座 attendchurchattendchurch去教堂去教堂去教堂去教堂 attend(at)awedd
11、ingattend(at)awedding出席婚礼出席婚礼出席婚礼出席婚礼(2)totakegoodcareof(asickperson,forexample)(2)totakegoodcareof(asickperson,forexample)照看照看照看照看, ,照料照料照料照料. .如如如如: :Thedoctorattended(on/upon)theThedoctorattended(on/upon)thepatients.patients.(3)todealwith(3)todealwithI have some important things to I have some im
12、portant things to attend attend to.to.(4)topayattentionto(4)topayattentiontoIfyoudontattendtotheteacher,youwillneverlearnIfyoudontattendtotheteacher,youwillneverlearnanything.anything.11exposeto切勿将小孩曝晒。切勿将小孩曝晒。Dontexposethebabytotheburningsun.Thebrokencarwasexposedtothewindandrain接触接触shetriestoexpos
13、estudentstoartandmusic12cure.v/n治疗，治愈治疗，治愈CuresbofsthThismedicinecancureyouofyourcough/headacheAcurefor治疗治疗的方法的方法IsthereacertaincureforAIDSyet?Treat。v/n治疗，请客，招待治疗，请客，招待Thedoctorwasbusy（in)treatinganoldpatientItismytreat14control-controlled;controlling He cant control his anger/temper lose control of
14、 = be (go) out of control The driver lost control of his car and it knocked into a tree. The car was out of control and ran into a wall. in control of= in charge of(主) 控制、掌管under the control of（被）在控制、掌管之下Mr. Brown is in control of the money.=The money is under the control of Mr. Brown. Bring/getsthu
15、ndercontrol抑制；使抑制；使受控制受控制ChinesepopulationpolicygetsthepopulationofChinaundercontrol.15suggest（1）建议；建议；Isuggested（our）goingtotheparkonSunday.Hesuggestedleavingearlyfortheairport.（2）-that从句从句（虚拟语气）（虚拟语气）Isuggestedthathe（should）giveupsmoking.我建议他戒烟。我建议他戒烟。Thechairmansuggestedthemeetingbeputoffuntilnex
16、tweek.主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。2imply暗示，表明暗示，表明HerpalefacesuggestedthatshewasillbadlyandIsuggestedshebesenttohospitalwithoutdelay.Herexpressionsuggestedpleasure.他面露喜色。他面露喜色。Isuggestthateveryone_AcouldnttellliesBtoldliesCnottellliesDdidnttellliesTheofficercommandedthateveryonepassingby_thatdayAsea
17、rchBwouldbesearchedCbesearchedDmustbesearchedHerpalefacesuggestedthatshe_illbadlyandIsuggestedshe_tohospitalwithoutdelay.Abe;shouldbesentBwas;besentCbe;wassentDwas;wassent16.absorb吸收，吞并，兼并吸收，吞并，兼并吸收，吞并，兼并吸收，吞并，兼并ThecleverboyThecleverboyabsorbedabsorbedalltheknowledgehisalltheknowledgehisteachercould
18、givehim.teachercouldgivehim.AbsorbintoAbsorbintoThe big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization. Absorb a company吞并公司beabsorbedin=beburiedin=belostin=bedevotedto=concentrateonThe boy was so absorbed in the computer games that he didnt realize his father came.17
19、severebestrictwithsb=beseverewithsbHeisseverewithhimself.Asevereattackoftoothache.Hehasaseverepaininhisleg.18blamebe+be+动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事情，相当动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事情，相当动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事情，相当动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事情，相当于于于于must,should,oughttomust,should,oughtto等。等。等。等。 如：如：如：如：Whoistoberesponsibleforthis?Youar
20、enottodroplitterinthepark.Youarenottodroplitterinthepark.公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。Betoblame该受责备该受责备(不能用于被动语态）不能用于被动语态） be to blame (for sth.) I am to blame for our losing the game. Who is to blame for starting the fire? It is Mr Lee who is to blame.blame sb. for sth.= blame sth, o
21、n sb. Do you blame him for the accident? Do you blame the accident on him?lookinto=InvestigateWhowilllookintothismattertogether.20linkto.20linkto.把把把把与与与与连接；联系连接；联系连接；联系连接；联系如：如：如：如：Fingerprintslinkedthesuspecttothecrime.Fingerprintslinkedthesuspecttothecrime.指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事
22、实。指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。belinkedtobelinkedto连接连接连接连接 如：如：如：如：Thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway.Thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway.21announcev.tomakesthknownpubliclyannouncev.tomakesthknownpubliclyThecaptainannouncedthattheplanewasgoingThecaptainannouncedthattheplanewasgoingtoland.toland.机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。机长宣
23、布飞机就要着陆了。机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。 Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.23instructInstructsbtodosthHeinstructedmetodeliverittoacustomer.他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。beunderconstruction.正在建设之中正在建设之中contributeHecontributedgenerouslytotheRedCross.Makeacontributionto/towards+n/pron/v-ing（to)为介词为介词Yoursuggestion
24、willcontributetosolvingtheproblem.你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。CarelessnessLeadto=resultin=bringabout=accountfor=cause=contributetotheserioustrafficaccident.知识延伸：知识延伸：Devoteto;payattentionto;objectto;stickto;lookforwardtoLeadtobe/getusedto在这些短语中，在这些短语中，to均为介词，后均为介词，后面接名词、代词面接名词、代词或或v-ing.25apartfro
25、mapartfrom除除之外，此外之外，此外inaddition=besides=whatsmore除此之外除此之外,也，也，另外另外除了除了之外之外(没有没有)but,except,除了除了之外之外(还有还有)besides,inaddition除了除了之外之外(没有没有)还可以表示除了还可以表示除了之外之外(还有还有)apartfromWecouldseenothingbut/exceptendlesssandsthere.Iwontbuythebook,foritstoodear.Besides/inaddition,itsnotmuchofuseformeApartfrombeings
26、hort,Tomissmart.除了个子矮了点，除了个子矮了点，Tom还是挺帅气的。还是挺帅气的。Apartfromthecost,itwilltakealotoftime.除了花费钱以外，除了花费钱以外，它还需要不少时间。它还需要不少时间。Therewasanearthquake.Inaddition/besides,thereweretidalwaves(海啸）海啸）Apartfromanearthquake,thereweretidalwavesHespeaksFrenchinadditionto/besides/apartfromEnglish.26makesense我认为这个句子不通
27、我认为这个句子不通Idontthinkthesentencemakessense.makesenseof理解，弄懂理解，弄懂Canyoumakesenseofthistelegram?你看你看得懂这电报的意思吗？得懂这电报的意思吗？Makenosense没有道理，毫无没有道理，毫无意义意义bestrictwithsb.对某人严格对某人严格=behardonsbFatherisalwaysstrictwithhissons.父亲对子女经父亲对子女经常要求严格。常要求严格。比较：比较：bestrictinsth.对某事物要求严格对某事物要求严格Teachersarestrictinstudents
28、homework.老师对老师对学生的作业要求严格。学生的作业要求严格。beenthusiasticfor/about/oversth对某事很热情对某事很热情becautiousaboutsb/sth对某人对某人/某事谨慎某事谨慎takeupanewcareer从事一项新的职业从事一项新的职业makeroomfor腾出空间腾出空间pointofview态度，观点，看法态度，观点，看法positive反义词反义词negativebesimilartoSomanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak每次爆发（霍乱）时，每次
29、爆发（霍乱）时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。这是由名词词组这是由名词词组everytime充当连词的时间状语从句意充当连词的时间状语从句意味着味着“每当每当”，相当于，相当于when,故本句可变为故本句可变为Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedwhentherewasanoutbreak.解析：解析：某些表达时间的名称词组可直接充当连词，即某些表达时间的名称词组可直接充当连词，即“名名词连词化现象词连词化现象”常见的有：常见的有：1不定代词不定代词+time如：如：manytime,eachtime2介词加介词加time.如：如：byt
30、hetime.3序数词加序数词加time如：如：thefirsttime.lasttime,4the加瞬时名词。如：加瞬时名词。如：theminute,themoment,theinstant5the加时间名词。如：加时间名词。如：Theday,thenight,themonth,Thetime.6immediately/instantly/directly例句例句：Shedemandssweetsfrommeanytimesheseesme.SheisalwaysexcitedwithtearsfullofhereyesatthetimeSheisspeakingofherpastShede
31、mandssweetsfrommeanytimesheseesme.SheisalwaysexcitedwithtearsfullofhereyesatthetimeSheisspeakingofherpastThefirsttimehedidtheexperiment,hesucceededIwillgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrivesHeboughtacomputerthedayhegothissalaryGet 的用法大全get interested in get 系动词get annoyedget changedget separated与与-走散了
32、走散了get lost迷路get excited 对对激动激动get burnt被烧伤If you play with fire, you get burnt 玩火者必自焚2) get sb. to do Would you please get a porter（搬运工） to carry my cases?3) Get sth. Done I am now going to get my watch repaired.2) get sb. to do / have sb. do I have got LiMing to turn off the water. Would you pleas
33、e get a porter（搬运工） to carry my cases?3) Get sth. Done You must get your homework done before watching TV. I am now going to get my watch repaired.4.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.only加状语放于句首时，主句用部分倒装。加状语放于句首时，主句用部分倒装。eg:OnlyaweeklaterdidIreceiveananswerfromher.Onlywhenyouarefortyandlookingbackwillyourealizethatyouhaventdoneyourbest.拓展：拓展：onlyif可译为可译为“只有只有”eg:Onlyifyoustudyhard,willyoupassthetest.Makeacallonlyifitisimportant.
