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1、Unit 21, shortage :tid n. A situation when there is not enough of the people or things that are needed缺少；不足缺少；不足 ；短缺There is no shortage of things to do in the town.lack lk n. the state of having something or not having enough of sthThere was no lack of volunteers缺乏；匮乏；缺乏；匮乏； 短缺短缺v.To have none or n
2、ot enough of sth 没有；缺乏；不足；短缺 he lacks cinfidence 2, chat tt n.1. a friendly informal conversation闲聊；闲谈；聊天I had a chat with John 2. talking, especially informal conversation （尤指非正式的）谈话，讲话Thats enough chat from meon with the musicv.1.talk in a friendly informal way to sb 闲聊；闲谈；聊天What were you chatting
3、 about? 2.to exchange messages with other people on the internet, especially in a CHAT ROOM（尤指在网上聊天室）闲聊，聊天，交谈 hes been on the computer all morning, chatting with his friends.talk t:k n.1. a conversation or discussion交谈；谈话；讨论；商讨I had to have a long talk with her 2.formal discussions between governmen
4、ts or organizations （政府或组织之间正式的）洽谈，会谈，谈判Talks between management and workers broke down over the issue of holiday pay.3. a speech or a lecture on a particular subject (专题）报告，演讲She gave a talk on her visit o China.v.1. to say things; to speak in order to give information or to express in feelings, id
5、eas, etc. 讲话；说话；谈话We talked on the phone for over an hour.2. to discuss sth, usually sth serious or information 讨论,谈论，商谈，洽谈（通常指重大的事）Talk to your doctor if youre still worried.3. to say words in a language (用某种语言）讲，说Are they talking Swedish or Danish ?4.to say things that are/are not sensible 讲，说（有理、
6、无理的话）She s a lot of sense.5. to talk about a persons private life 讲人坏话；说闲话；嚼舌头 Dont phone me at workpeople will talk 3, emancipation i,mnsipein n.freeing sb, especially from legal, political or social restrictiom 解放 We must arouse them to fight for their own emancipation liberation ,librein n.1.Free
7、ing a country or a person from the control of sb else 解放2. Freeing sb from sth that restricts their enjoyment of life4, quit kwit v.1. to leave your job, school, etc.离开（工作职位、学校等）；离任；离校 if I dont need more money Ill . 2. to leave the place where you live离开，迁出，搬离（住处）We decided it was time to the cityl
8、eave li:v v.1.to go away from a person or a place 离开（某人或某处）I hate leaving homeAt what time does your train leave? She didnt leave until midnight The ship leaves at midnight 2. to stop living at a place, belonging to a group, working for an employer, etc. 离开居住地点（或群体、工作单位等） my secretary has threatened
9、 to leave.5, housework hausw:k n. the work involved in taking care of a home and family, for example cleaning and cooking家务劳动；家务事Men are doing more housework nowadays chore t: n.a task that you regularly 日常事务；例行工作 Doing the household s.6, opportunity ,ptju:niti n. a time when a particular situation
10、makes it possible to do or achieve sth 机会；时机There was no opportunity for further discussion. favourable chance有利的机会7, turn downv.1. to refuse or reject to consider an offer, a proposal, etc. or the person who makes it 拒绝，顶回（提议、建议或提议人）Why did she turn down your invitationrefuse rifju:z, ri:- v.1. to
11、say that you will not do sth that sb has asked you to do拒绝；回绝He refused to accept that there was a problem. 2. to say that you do not want sth that has been offered to you退却；回绝I politely d their invitation.3.to say that you will not give sb sth that they want or need 拒绝给（所需之物）She would never refuse
12、her kids anything.8, issue iju:, isju: n.1. an important topic that people are discussing or arguing about重要议题；争论的问题This is a big issue; we need more time to think about it.2.a problem or worry that sb has with sth（有关某事的）问题，担忧Money is not an issue.question kwestn n.1. a sentence, phrase or word that asks for sth, especially for information 问题；疑问 Question 3 was very difficult2. a matter or topic that needs to be discussed or dealt with（待讨论或处理的）事情；议题；课题Lets look at the question of security
