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1、抓基础抓基础必修五必修五Unit 5Unit 5First First aidaid析考点析考点提能力提能力.高频单词必记高频单词必记1 n&vt. 帮助；援助；资助帮助；援助；资助2 adj. 暂时的；临时的暂时的；临时的3 vi.&vt. 流血流血4 adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的至关重要的；生死攸关的5 n. 毒药；毒害毒药；毒害 vt. 毒害；使中毒毒害；使中毒aidtemporarybleedvitalpoison6 vt.&vi. 榨；挤；压榨榨；挤；压榨7 vt.&vi. 倒；灌；注；涌倒；灌；注；涌8 n损伤；伤害损伤；伤害 v损伤；伤害损伤；伤害9 n变化；多样变化；多样(
2、化化)；多变；多变(性性) adj.各各 种各样的种各样的squeezepourinjuryinjurevarietyvarious10 adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的轻微的；温和的；温柔的 adv.轻微轻微 地；温和地地；温和地11 vi.&vt.(使使)膨胀；隆起膨胀；隆起 adj.肿胀的肿胀的12 adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的牢的；紧的；紧密的 adv.紧地；牢紧地；牢 牢地牢地13 adj.(动作动作)稳定有力的；坚定的稳定有力的；坚定的 adv.坚固坚固 地；稳定地地；稳定地mildmildlyswellswollentighttightlyfirmfirmly14 vt.&vi.治疗
3、；对待；款待；治疗；对待；款待；n.款待；招待款待；招待 n治疗；疗法；对待；待遇治疗；疗法；对待；待遇15 vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使申请；请求；使 用；有效用；有效 n申请人申请人 n申请申请(书书)16 n压力；挤压；压迫压力；挤压；压迫(感感) v挤压；压迫挤压；压迫treattreatmentapplyapplicantapplicationpressurepress.重点短语必背重点短语必背1 (对伤患者的对伤患者的)急救急救2 生病生病3 触电；电休克触电；电休克4 脱下；起飞脱下；起飞5 榨出；挤出榨出；挤出first aidfall
4、 illelectric shocktake offsqueeze out6 反复；多次反复；多次7 在适当的位置；适当在适当的位置；适当8 若干；许多若干；许多9 找到找到10 区别对待；有影响；起区别对待；有影响；起(重要重要)作用作用over and over againin placea number ofput ones hands onmake a difference.经典句型必会经典句型必会1Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服
5、脱掉。如果除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。需要的话，可以使用剪刀。解读：解读：unless引导条件状语从句。引导条件状语从句。仿写：要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时会意味着受仿写：要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时会意味着受伤。伤。_， outdoor sports can sometimes mean injuries.答案：答案：Unless one is fully prepared2John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。约翰正在房里学习
6、，这时他听到了一声尖叫。解读：解读：be doing .when .“正在做正在做这时这时”。仿写：我刚走出浴室，正忙着用毛巾擦干身体，这时我听仿写：我刚走出浴室，正忙着用毛巾擦干身体，这时我听到了脚步声。到了脚步声。I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _.答案：答案：when I heard the steps3It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life.
7、正是约翰快捷的动作和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。正是约翰快捷的动作和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。解读：解读：It was .that .为强调句型。为强调句型。仿写：因为电脑现在被广泛应用，所以我们才要学习这项仿写：因为电脑现在被广泛应用，所以我们才要学习这项技能。技能。_ at present that we learn the skill.答案：答案：It is because computer is being widely used4There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learn
8、ed at school saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。解读：解读：Theres no doubt that .“毫无疑问毫无疑问”。仿写：毫无疑问会议将按计划举行。仿写：毫无疑问会议将按计划举行。_ the meeting will be held as planned.答案：答案：There is no doubt that1aid n&vt.帮助；援助；资助帮助；援助；资助(1)do/offer/give/perform/carry
9、out first aid to sb. 对某人进行急救对某人进行急救 with the aid of sb. with sb.s aid 在某人的帮助下在某人的帮助下 in aid of 为了援助为了援助(2)aid sb.in sth./doing sth. 在某方面帮助某人在某方面帮助某人 aid sb.with sth. 以某事以某事/物帮助某人物帮助某人 ai d sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事教材教材P33P33原句原句First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly
10、falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前给突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性急救就是在找到医生之前给突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。的帮助。College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.(摘自摘自20112011山东高考山东高考阅读理解阅读理解C C)大学管理人员担心他们将没有足够可供利用的救助资金。大学管理人员担心他们将没有足够可供利用的救助资金。 the teache
11、r, all of us in our class have made great progress.在老师的帮助下，我们班所有的人都取得了很大的进步。在老师的帮助下，我们班所有的人都取得了很大的进步。With the aid/help ofWe are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes.我们正在筹集资金来帮助失去家园的灾民。我们正在筹集资金来帮助失去家园的灾民。I the poor girl continuing her study.我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业
12、。aidedin2vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的至关重要的；生死攸关的be vital to/for 是至关重要的是至关重要的It is vital to do sth. 做做很重要很重要It is vital that 是十分重要的是十分重要的(从句中要用从句中要用 shoulddo虚拟结构，虚拟结构， should 可省略可省略)教材教材P35P35原句原句If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at onc
13、e.如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。看医生或送往医院。Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。As far as Im concerned, regular exercise .就我个人而言，经常锻炼对我们的健康非常重要。就我个人而言，经常锻炼对我们的健康非常重要。is vital for our health we should never lower safety
14、standards as life is the most important in the world.我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世界上生命是最宝贵的。界上生命是最宝贵的。Its vital that3treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待款待；招待(1)treat sb. like/as sth. 把把当当看待看待 treat sth. seriously 认真对待认真对待 treat sb. with respect/kindness 尊敬某人尊敬某人/善待某人善待某人 treat o
15、neself to 吃吃 ；享受；享受(2)Its my treat. 我请客。我请客。教材教材P38P38原句原句John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。The medical team left the village with great satisfaction, having treated a lot of local villagers.在治疗了许多当地村民后，医疗队满意地离开了。在治疗了许多
16、当地村民后，医疗队满意地离开了。Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are.(摘自摘自20102010重庆高考重庆高考阅读理解阅读理解A A)我认为，不管他们是谁，现在我尽量尊重每一个人。我认为，不管他们是谁，现在我尽量尊重每一个人。I am now in my twenties, but my parents still .我现在我现在20多岁了，但父母仍然把我当成小孩子一样对待。多岁了，但父母仍然把我当成小孩子一样对待。Lets go out for lunch after work (i
17、ts) my treat.下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧我请客。我请客。treat me like a child4apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使申请；请求；使用；有效用；有效(1)apply sth. to 把把涂到涂到；把；把 运用到运用到 apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于致力于；集中精力于 apply to 适应于适应于 apply (to .) for . (向向)申请申请(2)applicant n. 申请人申请人 application n. 申请；申请书；适用申请；申请书；适用教材教材
18、P38P38原句原句He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。车的到来。The nurse is applying some medicine to his wound.护士正在给他的伤口敷药。护士正在给他的伤口敷药。We had to the government financial help.我们只好向政府申请财务援助。我们只好向政
19、府申请财务援助。apply toforMore students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans.(摘自摘自20112011山东高考山东高考阅读理解阅读理解C C)更多的学生在申请救助，并且更多的家庭需要学生贷款。更多的学生在申请救助，并且更多的家庭需要学生贷款。If you the job in hand, youll soon finish it.如果你尽全力做你目前的工作，你将能很快地把它做完。如果你尽全力做你目前的工作，你将能很快地把它做完。apply yourself to.完成
20、句子完成句子1_ (绝对至关重要的绝对至关重要的) the matter should be kept secret.答案：答案：It is absolutely vital that2Your sister _ (据说据说受到虐待受到虐待) in the supermarket when she was doing shopping yesterday.答案：答案：is said to have been badly treated3Now a lot of new technology _ (能被应用到能被应用到) solving problems in industry.答案：答案：ca
21、n be applied to4Its reported that a great many volunteers are collecting money _ (资助癌症研究资助癌症研究)答案：答案：in aid of cancer research5The library provides us students with _ (各种各样的书籍各种各样的书籍)答案：答案：a wide variety of books.单项填空单项填空1I still remember many years ago he _ us to a good dinner on New Years Day.Aaid
22、ed BpouredCapplied Dtreated解析：解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然记得许多年前在考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然记得许多年前在新年那天，他请我们吃了一顿好饭。新年那天，他请我们吃了一顿好饭。treat有有“款待款待”的意思，的意思， treat sb. to sth.“用用招待招待/款待某人；请某人吃款待某人；请某人吃”，符合句意。符合句意。aid “帮助；援助帮助；援助”； pour “倒；灌；注倒；灌；注”； apply “应用；申请应用；申请”。答案：答案：D2Once the new rules are made, what matters much nex
23、t is how they will be _ to all the members of the club. Adevoted BreferredCapplied Ddirected解析：解析：be applied to在句中意为在句中意为“应用于应用于”，句中是说把新规，句中是说把新规定应用于俱乐部的所有成员的身上。而定应用于俱乐部的所有成员的身上。而be devoted to意为意为“专心于；致力于专心于；致力于”； refer to意为意为“提到提到”； direct to意为意为“指指向向”。答案：答案：C3(2011四川高考四川高考)All visitors to this vil
24、lage_with kindness.Atreat Bare treatedCare treating Dhad been treated解析：解析：考查时态和语态。句子的主语考查时态和语态。句子的主语all visitors是动词是动词treat的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态。的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态。此处介绍的是一般事实，故用一般现在时。句意：所有到此处介绍的是一般事实，故用一般现在时。句意：所有到这个村庄的游客都被友善地对待。故选这个村庄的游客都被友善地对待。故选B。 答案：答案：B4I have a Longman Dictionary of Co
25、ntemporary English, which is an important _ learning English.Aaid in Baid toChelp to Dhelp at解析：解析：aid常与常与in连用，而连用，而help常与常与with搭配。句意：我有一搭配。句意：我有一本本朗文当代英语辞典朗文当代英语辞典，它是我学习英语的重要助手。，它是我学习英语的重要助手。答案：答案：A1fall ill生病生病教材教材P33P33原句原句First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls
26、ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救是一个人突然病倒或受伤时，在找到医生之前给病人急救是一个人突然病倒或受伤时，在找到医生之前给病人或受伤者首先进行的临时救助。或受伤者首先进行的临时救助。John hasnt recovered yet since he fellill last week.约翰上周生病了，尚未康复。约翰上周生病了，尚未康复。fall asleep入睡；睡着入睡；睡着fall behind 落后；掉到落后；掉到fall silent 安静下来安静下来fall in love with sb.(sth.) 爱上某人
27、爱上某人(某物某物)He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他正要入睡时突然有大声的敲门声。他正要入睡时突然有大声的敲门声。He didnt want to in his studies.他不想在学习上落后。他不想在学习上落后。fall behind关键一点关键一点fall ill强调突然病倒，短暂性动词短语，不强调突然病倒，短暂性动词短语，不与一段时间状语连用；与一段时间状语连用； be ill表示生病的状态，延续性动表示生病的状态，延续性动词短语，可与一段时间状语连用。词短语，可与一段时间状语连用
28、。He has for a week.他生病一周了。他生病一周了。been ill2in place在适当的位置；适当在适当的位置；适当教材教材P35P35原句原句Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。用胶布把绷带固定。Youd better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.你最好把你的东西放回原位，不然很难找到。你最好把你的东西放回原位，不然很难找到。(1)out of place 不在适当位置；不合适不在适当位置；不合适 in
29、 place of 代替；取代代替；取代 in the first place 首先；第一点首先；第一点(2)take place 发生发生 take ones place 就座；代替就座；代替 take the place of 代替；取代代替；取代 , he has all the qualification for the job.首先，他具备做这份工作的全部资格。首先，他具备做这份工作的全部资格。Newspapers usually send special journalists to the place where important events take place.报社往往派
30、遣特殊记者到有重大事件发生的现场。报社往往派遣特殊记者到有重大事件发生的现场。In the first place3make a difference区别对待；有影响；起区别对待；有影响；起(重要重要)作用作用教材教材P38P38原句原句It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could ma
31、ke a difference.谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。(1)make no/some difference (to sb./sth.) (对某人对某人/物物)没有没有(有些有些)作用或影响作用或影响(2)tell the difference (between A and B) 辨别；区分辨别；区分(A和和B)That me what you say.你说什么对我都没关系。你说什么对我都没关系。Does it make any difference whether she will come to our party
32、?她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗？她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗？The twins are so alike; its difficult to .这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。makes no difference totell the difference.选词填空选词填空1_ guests who came from home and abroad attended the Shanghai Expo.答案：答案：A number of2Sometimes its very difficult to _ the things that
33、one is looking for.答案：答案：put his hands on3All the doctors hope that the new medicine could_ to the cancer.答案：答案：make a difference4He failed many times, but he had the patience to do it _.答案：答案：over and over again5I hope you have left all the books in the library _.答案：答案：in place6The sudden change in
34、 weather often causes people to _.答案：答案：fall ill.单项填空单项填空1Because of the bad weather, my mother _ and lay in bed, she _ for a week.Ahas been ill; was ill Bfell ill; has fallen illCfell ill; has been ill Dfell ill; is ill解析：解析：句意：因为坏天气，我母亲卧病在床，病倒一周了。句意：因为坏天气，我母亲卧病在床，病倒一周了。第一空表动作故用第一空表动作故用fall ill；第二空
35、与表示一段时间的状语连；第二空与表示一段时间的状语连用，表状态用用，表状态用be ill，结合时态故，结合时态故C项正确。项正确。答案：答案：C2You have to be accurate in this job, because a small mistake can make a big _.Adifference BdifficultyCtrouble Dchange解析：解析：make a (some, no, etc.) difference “有有(一些，没有什一些，没有什么么)作用、关系、影响作用、关系、影响”。答案：答案：A3Please put all the magaz
36、ines _ on the shelf after you finish reading them.Ain place Bin caseCin name Din advance解析：解析：句意：读完杂志之后请把它们放在书架适当的位置。句意：读完杂志之后请把它们放在书架适当的位置。in place “在适当的位置在适当的位置”，符合句意。，符合句意。答案：答案：A4She thought it was worthwhile for her to teach in the small village to make a _ to the life of the children there.Adi
37、fference BsenseCstudy Ddiscovery解析：解析：句意：她认为对她来说到小乡村教学给那里的孩子句意：她认为对她来说到小乡村教学给那里的孩子的生活产生些影响是值得的。的生活产生些影响是值得的。make a difference “有影响；有影响；起作用起作用”，符合句意。，符合句意。答案：答案：A1Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。需要的
38、话，可以使用剪刀。unless是连词，意为是连词，意为“除非；如果不除非；如果不”，引导的是一个肯，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if .not .引导的否定引导的否定状语从句互换。状语从句互换。And unless otherwise assigned (指定指定) a seat by the teacher, I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom.(摘自摘自20112011北京高考北京高考完形填空完形填空)除非老师给我指定一个座位，不然的话，我总是会坐到教除非老师给我指定一个座位，不
39、然的话，我总是会坐到教室的后边。室的后边。We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or its very cold.除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。 , you cant imagine how pleasant it is.除非你尝试一下，否则你无法想象那是多么令人愉快。除非你尝试一下，否则你无法想象那是多么令人愉快。Unless youve tried it2John was_studying in his room when he heard scr
40、eaming.约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。be doing .when .正在做正在做这时这时。when 在此句中意为在此句中意为“这时；突然这时；突然”，相当于，相当于at this/that time。I was walking along the stream when I met my English teacher.我在沿着小溪散步时遇到了我的英语老师。我在沿着小溪散步时遇到了我的英语老师。be about to do .when . 正打算做正打算做这时这时be just going to do .when . 正要正要这时这时be on
41、 the point of doing .when . 正要正要这时这时had just done .when . 刚做了刚做了这时这时I go out the telephone rang.我正打算出去，这时电话响了。我正打算出去，这时电话响了。The thief was putting his hand into the ladys handbag the bus suddenly stopped.小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。然停了。was about towhenon the point ofwhen.完成句
42、子完成句子1She _ (正在练习正在练习冲浪，突然冲浪，突然) a shark struck her, biting off her left arm.答案：答案：was practicing surfing when2_(不太确定不太确定) their football team will win the match.答案：答案：There is some doubt whether.单项填空单项填空1(2012东北三校第二次联考东北三校第二次联考)Many people cant learn any lessons from the mistakes theyve made_ they
43、get hurt somehow.Awhether BunlessCif Das解析：解析：考查连词用法。句意：许多人都不会从他们所犯的考查连词用法。句意：许多人都不会从他们所犯的错误中吸取教训，除非从中受伤。错误中吸取教训，除非从中受伤。unless表示表示“除非；如果除非；如果不不”，相当于，相当于if not。答案：答案：B2She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.Awhen BwhileCafter Dsince解析：解析：句意：昨
44、天她刚写完作业，就在这时她妈妈让她练习句意：昨天她刚写完作业，就在这时她妈妈让她练习弹钢琴。弹钢琴。had just done sth.when .“刚做完某事，就在这时刚做完某事，就在这时”。答案：答案：A省略省略单项填空单项填空1(2012山西省三市联考山西省三市联考)Having an outdoor meal is always fun, but it can also be damaging to the planet if _.Aplanned not carefullyBnot planning carefullyCnot planned carefullyDnot to be
45、planned carefully解析：解析：根据语意可知此处表示根据语意可知此处表示“如果没有精心策划如果没有精心策划”，非谓，非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词的语动词与其逻辑主语之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词的否定式。否定式。答案：答案：C2(2012宁夏三市模拟宁夏三市模拟)The footballer didnt succeed in scoring, though _ several chances by his teammates.Awas given Bbeing givenCgiving Dgiven解析：解析：考查非谓语动词和省略。该句考查非谓语动词和省略
46、。该句though后面是省略结后面是省略结构，相当于构，相当于though he was given several chances by his teammates。逻辑主语。逻辑主语the footballer与动词与动词give构成逻辑上构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词的动宾关系，故用过去分词given，所以这里选，所以这里选D项。项。答案：答案：D3(2012江西部分重点中学第二次联考江西部分重点中学第二次联考)Will you leave for Australia for vacation on May Day?No, we finally decided _.Ato not l
47、eave Bnot toCdont leave Dwont leave解析：解析：考查省略。第二句话的语意是考查省略。第二句话的语意是“我们最终决定不去了我们最终决定不去了”，完整的句子应是，完整的句子应是No, we finally decided not to leave for Australia for vacation on May Day.故选择故选择B项。项。答案：答案：B4(2012黑龙江省三市联考黑龙江省三市联考)Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when_ to sunlight.
48、Abeing exposed Bto exposeCexposing Dexposed解析：解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当你处理这种化学物品时考查非谓语动词。句意：当你处理这种化学物品时要小心，因为当它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。后半句是要小心，因为当它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。后半句是“as it will explode when it is exposed to sunlight”的省略形式，的省略形式， it与与expose之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。答案：答案：D5(2011江苏高考江苏高考)It sounds like something is wro
49、ng with the cars engine._， wed better take it to the garage immediately.AOtherwise BIf not CBut for that DIf so 解析：解析：句意：汽车的发动机听上去好像出了问题。如果这样句意：汽车的发动机听上去好像出了问题。如果这样的话，我们最好马上把车开到修理厂。的话，我们最好马上把车开到修理厂。if so “假如这样的话假如这样的话”，符合句意，所以选，符合句意，所以选D。otherwise “否则否则”； if not “如果不如果不”； but for that “要不是那个的话要不是那个的话”，均不符合句意。，均不符合句意。答案：答案：D
