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1、 高一英语非谓语动词高一英语非谓语动词 讲解及练习讲解及练习过去分词过去分词不定式不定式动词的动词的-ing 形形式式非谓语动词Smoking may cause cancer.He tried to avoid answering their questions.One of her duties is typing letters.The man sitting next to you is our headmaster.Being angry,he cant say a word.I saw him running down the street. 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 一
2、般式一般式 ( (notnot）V-V-inging(not)being + V-ed(not)being + V-ed 完成式完成式(not)having V -ed(not)having V -ed(not)having been V -ed(not)having been V -edv-ing 形式形式v-ing 形式的作用形式的作用v-ingv-ing 形式在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、形式在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。定语、状语和宾补。V-ing 形式形式动名词动名词现在分词现在分词1.作主语（动名词）作主语（动名词）e.g.Finding work is diff
3、icult theses days.It was a waste of time reading that book.Its no use/good worrying about it.2.作宾语（动名词）作宾语（动名词）e.g. Would you mind waiting a few minutes？ They are looking forward to Marys coming.英语中有些动词或动词短语的后面只能跟上动名词。如英语中有些动词或动词短语的后面只能跟上动名词。如 admit,appreciate,avoid, consider , give up, enjoy, regre
4、t, insist on, practise , finish, put off , mind , escape,excuse, stand(忍受忍受) , imagine, miss,risk,suggest,cant help(禁不住禁不住), set about,后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词特殊动词接特殊动词接“动名动名”，使用它们要记清，使用它们要记清， “放弃放弃”“享受享受”可可“后悔后悔”， “坚持坚持”“练习练习”必必“完成完成”， “延期延期”“避免避免”非非“介意介意” 动名介宾不能忘动名介宾不能忘 掌握它们你必明。掌握它们你必明
5、。英语中有些动词可以接动名词也可以接不定式英语中有些动词可以接动名词也可以接不定式,但含义但含义不同不同.remembergo on to dodoingto dodoingto do(遗憾要做某事遗憾要做某事)doing(后悔做了某事后悔做了某事)forgettryto do(设法设法)doing(尝试着做尝试着做)regretmeanto do(继续做另外一件事继续做另外一件事)doing(继续做同一件事继续做同一件事)stopto do(停下手中的事去做另外一件停下手中的事去做另外一件)doing(停止做正在做的事情停止做正在做的事情)to dodoing1.-What do you t
6、hink made Mary so upset? -_ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing2.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. (97 上海上海12) A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned3.While shopping, people sometime cant help _ into buying something they dont
7、really need. (96上海上海14) A. to pursue B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 3.作表语（动名词作表语（动名词,现在分词）现在分词）e.g.One of her hobbies is growing flowers. The speed of the horses was amazing.4. 作定语（动名词作定语（动名词,现在分词）现在分词）e.g. There are no swimming pools in our school. Do you know the three children w
8、alking towards us? 1.v-ing 作作定语时，单个的定语时，单个的v-ing 形式放在所修饰的形式放在所修饰的名词前；若是名词前；若是v-ing短语则要放在所修饰的名词之后短语则要放在所修饰的名词之后2.动名词作定语，仅表被修饰的名词的用途，解释动名词作定语，仅表被修饰的名词的用途，解释为为“供给供给.之用之用”;现在分词说明的是被修饰的现在分词说明的是被修饰的名词执行现在分词所表示的这个动作名词执行现在分词所表示的这个动作,可用相应的可用相应的定语从句换定语从句换.=who are walking towards us5. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语V-ing形式可以放在某
9、些动词如形式可以放在某些动词如see,hear,notice,keep,find,get,have,feel等词后作宾语补足语等词后作宾语补足语.e.g. Suddenly I heard someone knocking gently on the door. Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.6. 作状语作状语(现在分词现在分词)V-ing 形式作状语形式作状语,可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随或陪衬等含义让步、伴随或陪衬等含义,相当于一个对应的状语从句所相当于一个对应的状语从句所表达的意思表达
10、的意思.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend.= When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend.Being ill, he didnt go to school.=As he was ill, he didnt go to school. Laughing and talking, they went into the classroom. （方式）方式）If you use your head, you will find a way. Though
11、weighing almost one hundred jin, the box was lifted by him with one hand. We were sitting by the window,talking about what happened yesterday.(伴随）伴随）1.当当v-ing形式作状语时，若它所表示的动作发生形式作状语时，若它所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，需用在谓语动作之前，需用having done2. v-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主语保形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主语保持一致；否则必须带有自己的逻辑主语持一致；否则必须带有自己的逻辑主
12、语=Using your head, you will find a way.= Though it weighes e.g._a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter.A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not receivede.g. Having finished my homework,I went to watchTV.解析没收信的动作发生在决定写信这一动作之前没收信的动作发生在决定写信这一动作之前所以应该用所以应该用having done
13、 ;having done ;此题此题又是表否定含又是表否定含义，分词的否定式为义，分词的否定式为not doing/not having not doing/not having done; done; 故选故选 c c-ing 形式形式-ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法 European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. （NMET1998） A. making B. makes C. made D. to make解析He rushed to the
14、train station, only _ the train had gone.A. finding B. found C. finds D. to findD1动词不定式和动名词作主语比较动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如： l_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old（MET 1992） AThe walk BWalking CTo walk DWalkB2.动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较 l1）不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作
15、）不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作主语一样。动名词表示一般或抽象的多次主语一样。动名词表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式表示具体的或一次性的动性动作，不定式表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作作，特别是将来的动作lHis job is building houses lOur task now is to increase food production l（2）动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语）动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语的内容，现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的的内容，现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。 lTh
16、e real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers lThe most important thing is to put theory into practicelHe is interested in English.lThe purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，_ it more difficult（NMET 1999） lAnot make Bnot to make Cnot making Ddo not makeBl3动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较动词
17、不定式和动名词作宾语比较 l（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect等。等。 lWe agreed _ here，but so far she hasnt turned up yet（NMET 1995） lAhaving met Bmeeting Cto meet Dto have metC（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，l lThe squirrel was so
18、 lucky that it just missed_ （MET 1987）Acatching Bto be caught Cbeing caught Dto catch l lI would appreciate_ back this afternoon（MET 1992） Ayou to call Byou call Cyou calling Dyoure callingCC（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，名词，但意义上有区别，The light in the office is still on Oh，I forgot
19、 _ （MET 1991） Aturning it off Bturn it off Cto turn it off Dhaving turned it offYou were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting Well，now I regret _ that（NMET 1995） Ato do Bto be doing Cto have done Dhaving doneCD4、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和主语补足语比较主语补足语比较 l l（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语）有些动词后只跟不
20、定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语，如：或主语补足语，如：ask，tell，order，want，wish，warn， allow，advise，permit，forbid等。等。l lThe patient was warned _ oily food after the operation（NMET 1996）l lAto eat not Beating not Cnot to eat Dnot eating Cl l（2）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟分）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟分词作宾语补足语或主语补足语，但意义不同，如：词作宾语补足语或主语补足语，但意义不同，如：see，wa
21、tch，notice，observe，hear，feel，have， make等，且不定式不带等，且不定式不带to，但在被动结，但在被动结构中必须带构中必须带to。不定式指动作的全过程；现在分词不定式指动作的全过程；现在分词指正在进行的动作的一部分，且表主动意义；过去指正在进行的动作的一部分，且表主动意义；过去分词指已经完成的动作，且表被动意义。分词指已经完成的动作，且表被动意义。 l lWe heard her sing this song before we went in.我们听她唱完这首歌才进去。我们听她唱完这首歌才进去。l lWe heard her singing this son
22、g when we got there.我们到达时，听见她在唱这首歌。我们到达时，听见她在唱这首歌。l lWe often hear this song sung by her.我们我们经常听见她唱这首歌。经常听见她唱这首歌。(歌是被唱歌是被唱) 5不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较 l1）不定式作定语表示）不定式作定语表示“将要将要”，现在，现在分词表示分词表示“正在正在”或主动，过去分词表或主动，过去分词表示示“已经已经”。 lThe Olympic Games，_in 776 BC，did not include women players until1912（
23、NMET 1997） lAfirst playing Bto be first played Cfirst played Dto be first playingcl2）动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途，现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的动作。 la swimming pool动名词作定语，la swimming fish现在分词作定语。6.动词不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词，动词不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词，表示原因、目的和结果，分词作状语修饰表示原因、目的和结果，分词作状语修饰动词和句子，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、动词和句子，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随和结果。伴随和结果。 l_late
24、in the morning，Bob turned off the alarm（NMET 2001） lATo sleep BSleeping CSleep DHaving sleptAl_such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river（NMET 2000） lAHaving suffered BSuffering CTo suffer DSufferedl_more attention，the trees could have grown better（MET 1990） lAGiven BT
25、o give CGiving DHaving givenAA 分词做定语的位置及其它分词做定语的位置及其它 “定分定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。 单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。 分词短语在词后，分词短语在词后，“定从定从”和它互对照。和它互对照。 “现分现分”动作进行时，动作进行时，“过分过分”动作完成了。动作完成了。 注：注：“定分定分”：做定语的分词；：做定语的分词；“定从定从”：定语从句；：定语从句；“现分现分”：现在分词；：现在分词；“过分过分”：过去分词。）：过去分词。） 分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义分词做状语在句子
26、中所表示的意义 分词做状语，概有七意义。分词做状语，概有七意义。“ 时间时间”和和“原因原因”，“结果结果”与与“目的目的”。 “方式方式”加加“伴随伴随”，“条件条件”常出席。常出席。 且谈其主语，谓语头前的且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。（。（*指句子的主语）指句子的主语）非谓语动词巩固练习非谓语动词巩固练习用动词的适当形式填空：用动词的适当形式填空：1.He never expected the professors lecture was so _ (bore).2._ (disappoint) at the results, she didnt say a word.3.The trous
27、ers are much _ (wear). Why not change a new pair?4.Look, the trees are _ (fall). There must _ (be ) a strong wind last night.5.I noticed a _ (puzzle) expression on her face.6.The question _ (raise ) by the student beat the teacher.boringDisappointedwornfallenhave beenpuzzlingraised7. Make sentences,
28、 _ (use) the phrases _ (give) below.8.The child painted a _ (rise) sun and some _ (fly) birds.9. I felt a great weight _ (take ) off my mind.10.Fred found many cars and trucks _ (park) outside his shop.11.The man lay on his back, with his whole body _ ( bury ) in the sand.12. His question set all of
29、 us _ (think) .13. Ill have the message _(send ) to the headquartersusinggivenrising/risenflyingtakenparkedburiedthinkingsent14._ (try) to make himself _ (hear), he shouted at the top of his voice.15. He didnt wanted his family history _ (mention) at the meeting.16.I wont have that sort of thing _ (
30、happen).17._ (cook) in the kitchen, I heard my name _ (call).18. _ (work) with Tom , youll come to like him.19._ (not be) in the city long, I was still a stranger there.20. _ (arrive) at the hotel, he found the guests had left.TryingheardmentionedhappeningCookingcalledWorkingNot having beenArriving2
31、1.This is a theory _ (accept) by most of the people here.22. _ (hit ) by a bullet, the soldier fell from the _ (run) horse.23._ (leave ) in charge of the hotel, he did better than anyone else.24. _ (cook) in wine, the meat will taste better.25. _ (warn ) several times, they became more careful in do
32、ing the job.26.Many people _ (be) absent, the meeting had to be cancelled.27. There _ (be) no bus, I had no choice but _ (wait).acceptedHitrunningLeftCookedHaving been warnedbeingbeingto wait28.The bookcase is full of books _ (write) for high school students.29. _ (guide) by the fisherman, we rowed
33、the boat to the shore.30.People _ (live) comfortably in the towns hardly feel the pleasure of living in the country.31.Modern zoos are different from zoos _ (build) fifty years ago.32. He sat there, _ (watch ) the children at play and _ (listen) to the old men talking.writtenGuidedlivingbuiltwatchin
34、glistening用用括号内动词的括号内动词的 适当形式填空：适当形式填空：1.Its difficult for foreigners to get used to _ (eat) with chopsticks.2.They dont allow _ (smoke).3.He warned her _ (not touch) to wire.4.I cant imagine _ (live) with somebody who never stops _ (talk).5.Is there anything worth _ (buy)?6.You are expected _ (know
35、) the laws of your own country.7.Im prepared _ (wait) here all night if necessary.eatingsmokingnot to touchlivingtalkingbuyingto knowto wait8.I cant understand her _ (behave) like that.9.It is silly _ (risk, get) your feet wet.10. I feel like _ (ski) through the forest.11. He is devoted to _ (set )
36、up more schools for poor children.12. I dont mind _ (the children, play ) in the garden, but I cant have them _ (walk) over my flowers.13. I hate _ (look ) at when I am doing lessons.14.The boy was afraid of _ (leave) alone in the room at night.behavingto risk gettingskiing settingthe children(s) pl
37、ayingwalkingbeing lookedbeing left15.Something has been done to prevent workers from _ ( injure) when they are working.16. I cant understand _ (they, forbid) to go to the meeting.17.He couldnt stand _ (make) fun of when his wife was present.18.This novel is not worthy of _ (make) into a film.19.The
38、patient insisted on _ (operate) on even if there is little hope of success.20.The robber was sentenced to death for_ (rob) the bank.being injuredtheir/them being forbiddenbeing madebeing madebeing operatedhaving robbed21.I cant remember _ (anyone, ever, write) about the subject.22. He regretted _ (m
39、ake) the decision too hastily.23. Mother was angry at _ (he, tell) a lie.24.Dont leave. The baby wants _ (watch).The nurse wants _ (watch) the babys behaviors when there are no adults nearby.25.If you cant open the door by turning the key in this way, try_ (turn) the key another way.He tried _ (turn
40、) the key only to find it got stuck in the lock. anyone(s) having ever writtenmaking/having madehis/him tellingwatchingto watchturningto turn26.Id prefer _ (go) by train tonight as there is no flight because of the fog.27.Mrs. Frost was worried. I regretted _ (tell) her that her son was in the polic
41、e station. I regret_ (tell) you that your son is in the police station.28.Cant you remember _ (take) us to the circus last month?You must remember _ (tell) them my new address.to gotellingto telltakingto tell29. He forgot _ (post) the letter his wife asked him to.He didnt feel in the pockets. Hed qu
42、ite forgotten _(put) the key there.30.My suggestion couldnt help_ (improve) their service.I couldnt help_ (make) apologies when I realized I had caused him a lot of trouble.31. He walked quietly, afraid of _ (frighten) the snake. Thinking he would be fired, he was afraid _ (see) his boss.to postputt
43、ingimprovemakingfrighteningto see32.Obeying means_ (do) what one is told to do.He meant _ (train) the boy to be a good swimmer.33.She loved _ (act) than anything else.Shed love _ (act) a part in the short play.34.Does your suit need _ (iron)?He needs _ (practise) typing at least two hours a day.doin
44、gto trainactingto actironingto practise用括号内动词的用括号内动词的 适当形式填空：适当形式填空：1.It is easy _ (be) wise after the event.2.Im sorry _ (disappoint) you but I cant let you_ (know) the result of the exam until the end of the week.3._ (complete) that book in three months was a great achievement.4.I saw him _ (run)
45、the mile in four minutes.5.He made me _ (tell) him the whole story.He was made _ (tell) the whole story.6.The boy was seen _ (take) the money.to beto disappointknowTo completeruntellto tellto take7. _ (tell) you the truth, I dont know what the answer is.8.Hes working late _ (make) up for his absence
46、 yesterday.9._ (learn) about English is one thing; _(know) English is quite another.10.Why didnt you try_ (persuade) him _ (come) with us?11.We dont want anybody _ (know) that we are here.12.I could do nothing but _ (pretend) that I didnt know.To tellto makeTo learnto knowto persuadeto cometo knowpr
47、etend13.We cannot but _ (do) as he tells us.14.Can I help_ (carry) that heavy box?15.He rarely left the house except_ (attend) a party.16.Why dont you get your wife _ (explain) it to you?17. He decided to telephone rather than _ (write).18.Why not _ (wear) that hat to the ball?19.The man was let _ (
48、go).20.All you have to do is _ (keep) all the results.21.I noticed Diana _ (talk) with David for a while.22.He is known _(get) angry easily.do(to) carryto attendto explainwritewear(to) go(to) keeptalkto get23.Hook was looking for someone _ (help) him.24.I advised him _ (ask) the conductor where _ (g
49、et) off.25.I had meant _(tell) you the truth but I was too frightened.26. We might as well _ (go) without her.27.He knows better than _ (do) such a silly thing.28.We have no choice but _ (accept) the fact.29.Try _ (knock) at the door once more.30. This medicine will help you _ (sleep).to helpto askt
50、o getto tellgoto doto acceptknockingto sleep31.The questions _ (answer) are on page 30.32.The theory of relativity is hard _ (understand).33.As we seem _ (miss) the train today, we may as well go back to the hotel.34.The palace is said _ (build) already.35.There are always one or two problems _ (thi
51、nk) about.36.He got to the station only _ (tell) that the train had left.to be answeredto understandto have missedto have been builtto thinkto be told37. He stood outside so as _ (not disturb) me.38.We thought it wrong for her _ (punish).39.The Olympic Games _ (hold) in Athens in 2004 will be exciti
52、ng.40.Be quiet. They appear _ (have) an English lesson.41.I want my typewriter _ (fix) right now.42. Those goods are believed _ (ship) to the countryside the day after tomorrow.43.Sorry _ (not give) you much help.not to disturbto be punishedto be heldto be havingto be fixedto be shippednot to have given
