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1、高考英语考前辅导高考英语考前辅导7/23/2024三、突破写作误区,三、突破写作误区,巧做书面表达巧做书面表达一、活用基础知识,一、活用基础知识,巧做单项选择巧做单项选择二、掌握理解技巧,二、掌握理解技巧,巧做听力阅读巧做听力阅读7/23/2024一一活用基础知识活用基础知识巧做单项选择巧做单项选择7/23/2024(一)基础知识考查要点1名词:考查的重点是名词单复数,名词辨义及名词搭配。如:He gained his _ by printing _ of famouswriters.A.wealth;workB.B.wealths;worksC.C.wealths;workD.wealth;
2、works答案:D。分析:分析:wealth为不为不可数名词。可数名词。work作不可数名词,意作不可数名词,意为为“工作工作”;作可;作可数名词,意为数名词,意为“作作品品”、“著作著作”。7/23/20242冠词和数词:考查的重点是冠词和数词的基本用法。如:Sheis_newcomerto_chemistrybutshe has already made some importantdiscoveries.A.the,theB.the,不填C.a,不填D.a,the答案:答案:C。分析:分析:newcomer是泛指,是泛指,用不定冠词。学科名词用不定冠词。学科名词chemistry,不用冠
3、词。不用冠词。7/23/20243代词:考查的重点是不定代词与物主代词的用法。如:-IsyourcameralikeBillsandAnns?-No.Butitsalmostthesameas_.A.herB.yoursC.themD.their答案:B。分析:此处比较的是camera,要用物主代词。形容词性物主代词只能作定语,空格后没有名词,所以要用名词性物主代词。7/23/20244形容词和副词:考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较结构、词语辨异和系表结构。如:-Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet?-No,Illfinishin_tenminutes.A.anotherB.
4、otherC.moreD.less答案:A。分析:分析:another后可接单数名后可接单数名词,也可跟词,也可跟few或带数词的复或带数词的复数名词表示数名词表示“再、还再、还”之意。之意。7/23/20245动词的时态和语态:在历年的高考中所占的比重最大。考查的重点是复合句中的动词形式,语态常与时态一起考查。如:-Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?-Notyet.Therooms_.A.arebeingpaintingB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainted答案:D。分析:先确定语态为被分析:先确定语态为被动,再确定时态为进
5、行动,再确定时态为进行时。时。7/23/20246情态动词:考查的重点是情态动词的基本用法、虚拟语气的意义与结构。如:-There were already five people in thecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourney.A.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen答案:D。分析:此处谈论过去的分析:此处谈论过去的情况,为对过去情况的情况,为对过去情况的否定性推测。否定性推测。7/23/20247非谓语动词:在高考中的分数比重及题量逐步增加。考查的重
6、点从及物动词后用不定式或动名词作宾语,转向非谓语动词的句法功能、时间概念、主动还是被动。如:CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.tohaveinventedB.inventingC.toinventD.havinginvented答案:A。分析:分析:consider表示表示“思考思考”时,常用动名词短语作宾语。时,常用动名词短语作宾语。但此处但此处consider表示表示“认为认为”,后接不定式复合结构。不定,后接不定式复合结构。不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前,式的动作发生在谓语动作之前,要用完成式来表示。要用完成式来
7、表示。7/23/20248特殊句型:考查的重点是倒装、强调、感叹、否定转移、部分否定、反意问句以及省略和替代。如:Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize答案:A。分析:否定词位分析:否定词位于句首时,主句于句首时,主句须倒装并且不能须倒装并且不能再出现再出现not。7/23/20249简单句、并列句和复合句:考查的重点连接词的
8、用法。如:Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for答案:C。分析:分析:it是形式主是形式主语,而真正的主语语,而真正的主语是空格后的整个句是空格后的整个句子。此处只有子。此处只有that能引导主语从句。能引导主语从句。7/23/202410短语与搭配:考查的重点一般是动词短语辨义,以及介词与动词、形容词的搭配。如:Johnhasputonsomuchweightrecentlythathismotherhasto_allhistrouserstohismeasure.A.letoutB.giveawayC.br
9、inginD.makeup答案:A。分析:分析:letout表示表示“放大放大”。7/23/202411交际用语:考查的重点是日常交际用语,一般是根据上下文情境来判断答语。如:A:MayItakeyourorder?B:Idlikeacupofcoffeeandahotdog.Whataboutyou,Lisa?Lisa:_.A.ThesametomeB.Sameagain,pleaseC.ItsverykindofyouD.Thankyouallthesame.答案:B。分析:分析:Sameagain,please.表示表示“同样同样的再来一份的再来一份”。7/23/2024(二)单项选择解
10、题技巧(二)单项选择解题技巧1利用上下语境。利用上下语境。如:-WhereshallI_?-Atthenextstop.A.dropyouB.findyouC.pickyouupD.callonyou答案:答案:A。分析:就第一句而言,分析:就第一句而言,四个选项都有意义。但四个选项都有意义。但是,答语是,答语Atthenextstop暗示:两个人说话暗示:两个人说话时在一起。时在一起。B、C、D都不能用于这一情境。都不能用于这一情境。7/23/20242参照类似表达。参照类似表达。如:-Whereareyougoingtodotheshopping?-Atthe_store.A.shoesB
11、.shoeC.shoesD.shoes答案:答案:B。分析:想一下熟悉分析:想一下熟悉的的thebookstore,此题就迎刃此题就迎刃而解了。此题涉及名词作定语而解了。此题涉及名词作定语的用法,一般规则是:名词作的用法,一般规则是:名词作定语用单数。但是,也不能形定语用单数。但是,也不能形成定势:成定势:有时也用复数,例有时也用复数,例如:如:aclothesshop,acommunicationssatellite,asalesdepartment等。等。名词名词的所有格表达时间、距离和价的所有格表达时间、距离和价值,例如:值,例如:threedaysstay,astonesthrow,t
12、endollarsworthofoil等。等。7/23/20243避免思维定势。避免思维定势。如:Theyoungmanspentasmuchtimeashe_overhislessons.A.wentB.wouldgoC.couldtogoD.couldgoing答案:答案:D。分析:分析:spend的句型是的句型是spend+time+doing。不要受不要受Shedidwhatshecouldtohelphim.的影响。的影响。7/23/20244分析句子成分。分析句子成分。如:Theexcitingmomentwelookedforwardto_atlast.A.comingB.cam
13、eC.comeD.comes答案:答案:B。分析:本句主语是分析:本句主语是Theexcitingmoment,welookedforwardto是个是个定语从句,前面的关系代词定语从句,前面的关系代词which被被省略了。所选部分是谓语,不是省略了。所选部分是谓语,不是lookforwardto的宾语。的宾语。7/23/20245分析句子结构。分析句子结构。如:_inthedoorway,everyoneintheroomgaveheracheer.A.AppearingB.AssheappearedC.HavingappearedD.Whenappearing答案:答案:B。分析:分析:i
14、nthedoorway的不是的不是everyone,而是而是she,所以所以inthedoorway之前要有之前要有she。此句运用的是此句运用的是as引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从句。句。7/23/2024_,shehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher.A.HermotherwasillB.AsshewasillC.HermotherbeingillD.Beingill答案:答案:C。分析:生病的不是分析:生病的不是she,而是而是Hermother。逗号逗号不能连接两个句子,要么用并列句不能连接两个句子,要么用并列句Hermotherwasill,sosheh
15、adtostayathomeandlookedafterher.要么用主从复合句要么用主从复合句Becausehermotherwasill,shehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher.此句运用独立主格结构此句运用独立主格结构Hermotherbeingill作原因状语。作原因状语。7/23/20246重视标点符号。重视标点符号。如:_,theGreatWallisthelongestwallintheworld.A.Thatiswell-knownB.ItisknownthatC.Asiswell-knownD.Weallknow答案:C。分析:逗号说明此句是由a
16、s引导的非限制性定语从句,不是主语从句。7/23/20247重视一词多性。重视一词多性。如:Isawa_goodgirlonTVlastnight.A.lovelyB.handsomeC.prettyD.nice答案:C。分析:四个都可以作形容词,但pretty还可作副词,表示“相当”。7/23/20248重视一词多义。重视一词多义。如:Janespalefacesuggestedthatshe_ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_amedicalexamination.A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;h
17、as答案:B。分析:suggest表示“暗示”,从句用陈述语气;表示“建议”,从句用虚拟语气(should可以省略)。7/23/2024二二掌握理解技巧掌握理解技巧巧做听力阅读巧做听力阅读7/23/2024(一)听力理解的考查方式(一)听力理解的考查方式场景题型。场景题型。地点题型。地点题型。常见的提问形式有:Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?Wheredidithappen?Whereis.?Whatkindofstoreisshegoingto?7/23/2024例如:Q: Where did this conversation most
18、probablytakeplace?A.Ataconcert.B.Ataflowershop.C.Atarestaurant.录音:录音:M:Themusicandtheflowerarelovely.W:Yes,Ihopethefoodisgood,too.答案:答案:C。该题需要该题需要合理的推断。题中关合理的推断。题中关键词为键词为thefood。7/23/2024时间题型。时间题型。常见的提问方式有:Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?whendoesthemanwanttoleave?Howlongdidittakethemantowritehispap
19、er?Whendidthefootballmatchstart?7/23/2024例如:Q:Atwhattimedoes the train toLeedsleave?A.3:00.B.3:15.C.5:00.录录音音:W: Excuse me,could you tell me whenthenexttraintoManchesteris?M:Sure.Well,its3now.ThenexttraintoManchesterleavesin2hours,butyoucantakethetraintoLeeds,whichleavesin15minutes,andthengetoffatMa
20、nchesterontheway.答案:答案:B。该题需要简该题需要简单的计算。说话时是单的计算。说话时是3点钟,点钟,M建议乘去建议乘去Leeds的车,该车途径的车,该车途径Manchester,15分钟后分钟后发车。发车。7/23/2024例如:Q:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Husbandandwife.录音:录音:W:Hello!M:Hello,Lucy,thisisJohn.Look,couldyoudomeafavor?Ivetriedtophonemywi
21、fesixtimesandIcantgetthrough.Thelineisbusyallthetime.Couldyoupossiblygonextdoorandgiveheramessage?W:Sure,whatdoyouwanttotellMary?答案:答案:A。解题的关键解题的关键是抓住是抓住phonemywife,gonextdoor等关键性的等关键性的词语。词语。人物关系题型。人物关系题型。常见的提问形式是:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?7/23/2024职业判断题型。职业判断题型。常见的提问形式有:Wha
22、tsthewomansjob?Whatstheprofession(职业)oftheman?Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto?7/23/2024例如:Q:Whoisthewomanmost probably speakingto?A.Arailwayporter.B.Ataxidriver.C.Apostalclerk.录音:录音:W:Excuseme,sir.ImgoingtosendthisparceltoLondon.Whatsthepostageforit?M:Letmesee.Itsonepoundfifty.答案:答案:C。根据根据parcel(邮包)
23、和邮包)和postage(邮资)等关键词可以判断:这邮资)等关键词可以判断:这位女士是在跟邮局职员讲话。位女士是在跟邮局职员讲话。7/23/2024推断题型。推断题型。常见的提问形式有:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?Whatdoestheconversationtellus?Whycantthewomanfindthebook?Whatisthemandoing?Whatwilltheweatherbelike?WhatstheiropinionofLindasbrother?Whatdoesthemanmean?What can we conclude f
24、rom the mansreply?Whathappenedtothewoman?Whatwastheconsequenceoftheaccident?7/23/2024例如:Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Shecanusehiscar.B.Shecanborrowsomeoneelsescar.C.Shecantborrowhiscar.录音:录音:W:Ineedacarthisweekend,butminehasbrokendown.M:Imsorrytohearit,butyoucanalwaysrentoneifyouhavealicense.答案:答案:C。女士讲话有
25、女士讲话有借车之意。借车之意。男士委婉地男士委婉地拒绝了女士拒绝了女士的请求。的请求。7/23/2024例如:Q:Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hewatchedtelevisionwithhisfriend.B.Hestayedathometalkingwithhisfriend.C.Hewenttoseeafilmwithhisfriend.录音:录音:W:DidyouseelastnightfilmonChannel4?M:Well,Imeanttoseeit,butafriendofminecametoseeme.Wehadanicelongtalkabouto
26、urschooldays.答案:B。but后面的内容:一是朋友来访,二是畅谈过去。中中BUT题型。题型。题型特征为:对话答语由两部分组成,先是一个短句,后接一个较长的句子,短句与长句子之间用but连接。题目的答案通常在but之后。7/23/2024虚拟语气题型。虚拟语气题型。虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句。例如:Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shegothomebefore9oclock.B.Shehadabadcold.C.Shewasdelayed.录音:录音:W:Ifithadntbeensnowingsohard,Imighthavebeenhomeby9oclock.
27、M:Itstoobadyoudidntmakeit.Janewashereandshewantedtoseeyou.答案:答案:C。女女士讲话表达士讲话表达与过去事实与过去事实相反,即相反,即9点点未能到家。未能到家。7/23/2024wish+从句。从句。例如:Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconvention?A.ThemanisplanningatriptoAustin.B.ThemanhasnotbeentoAustinbefore.C.ThemanhasbeentoAustinbefore.录音:录音:W:ImthinkingofgoingtoAustinforavis
28、it.Doyouthinkitsworthseeing?M:Well,IwishIhadbeenthere.答案:答案:B。男男士讲话表达一士讲话表达一种未能实现的种未能实现的愿望。事实:愿望。事实:他从未去过那他从未去过那里。里。7/23/2024建议题型。建议题型。Whydontyou.?与与Whynot.?例如:Q:Whatisthemansuggesting?A.Comingbackforalatershow.B.Waitinginaqueue.C.Comingbackinfiveminutes.录音:录音:W:Themoviestartsin5minutesandtheresboun
29、dtobealongline.M:Whydontwecomebackforthenextshow?Imsureitwouldbelesscrowded.答案:答案:A。男士的建议中用男士的建议中用的是的是thenextshow,而在选而在选项中用项中用alatershow作替换。作替换。7/23/2024录音:录音:W:Wedoneedanotherbookshelfinthisroom,buttheproblemisthespaceforit.M:Howaboutmovingtheolddiningtabletothekitchen?What/Howabout.?例如:Q:Whatdoest
30、hemansuggesttheyshoulddo?A.Findalargerroom.B.Selltheoldtable.C.Rearrangesomefurniture.答答案案:C。建建议议内内容容是是:把旧餐桌搬到厨房里。把旧餐桌搬到厨房里。7/23/2024比较题型。比较题型。常见的提问方式有:Whatdo(es)thinkof?Who/Whichisbetter?Whatdo(es)likebest?7/23/2024例如:Q:WhatdoesTomeliketodomost?A.Tomlikebesttomakephonecalls.B.Tomlikestotalkwithhisf
31、riendsmost.C.Tomlikestovisithisfriendsmost.录音:录音:M:DoesTomliketovisithisfriends?W:Yes,buthelikesnothingbetterthantotalkonthetelephonewithhisfriends.答案:答案:A。比较比较级级nothingbetterthan表达最高级表达最高级的含义的含义。7/23/2024(二)阅读理解的考查方式(二)阅读理解的考查方式推断词义。推断词义。利利用用形形合合手手段段。形合指的是:同义、反义、上义、下义、词的集合、词的搭配等关系。例如:Finally,renewa
32、bleenergysourcesareusedeventhoughtheyareoftenexpensivetodevelop.Oneformoftheseisgeothermalenergy.Incertainpartsoftheworldthetemperatureoftheearthincreasesthirtydegreescentigradewitheachkilometerdown.Atsixkilometers,therefore,itrisestonearlytwohundreddegrees.Togettheheat,waterispumpeddownintotherocks
33、andbackuptothesurface.Heatfromtheearthisalreadyusedincertaincountries.7/23/2024Theunderlinedwordsintheparagraphmean_.A.renewablesourceB.undergroundsourceC.heatinsidetheearthD.temperatureoftheearth答案:答案:C。geothermalenergy是是renewableenergy的一种形式,属上下义的一种形式,属上下义关系。关系。geothermalenergy与与heatfromtheearth是同义
34、关系。是同义关系。7/23/2024利用语言情境。语境指的是照应、替代、省略、定义、举例等。例如:TheagingofthepopulationwillaffectAmericansocietyinmanyways-education,medicine,andbusiness.Quietly,thegrayingofAmericahasmadeusaverydifferentsociety-oneinwhichpeoplehaveaquitedifferentideaofwhatkindofbehaviorissuitableatvariousages.Theunderlinedwordone
35、refersto_.A.asocietyB.AmericaC.aplaceD.population答案:答案:A。one是是society的同位语。的同位语。7/23/2024利利用用构构词词知知识识。构词法主要有:词缀法转类法合词法。例如:Computerpeopletalkalotabouttheneedforotherpeopletobecomecomputer-literate.Butnotallexpertsagreethatthisisagoodidea.Onepioneer,inparticular,whodisagrees,isDavid,thefounderofcompute
36、rtownUK.Althoughmanypeopleseethisasasuccessfulattempttobringpeopleclosertothecomputer,Daviddoesnotseeitthatway.HesaysthatComputertownsUKwasformedforjusttheoppositereason,tobringcomputerstopeopleandmakethempeople-literate.7/23/2024DavidthinksComputertownsaremostsuccessfulwhentiedtoacomputerclubbuthei
37、nsiststhereisanimportantdifferencebetweenthetwo.Theclubsareforpeoplewhohavesomecomputerknowledgealready.Thisfrightensawaynon-experts,whoarehappiergoingtoComputertownswheretherearecomputersforthemtoexperimenton,withexpertstoencouragethemandansweranyquestionstheyhave.Theyarenottoldwhattodo,theyfindout
38、.Thecomputerexpertshavetolearnnottotellpeopleaboutcomputers,buthavetobeabletoanswerallquestionspeopleask.Peopledonthavetolearncomputerterms(术语术语),buttheexpertshavetoexplaininplainlanguage.Thecomputersarebecomingpeople-literate.7/23/2024分析:文中解释了两个概念:computer-literate:tobringpeopleclosertothecomputera
39、computerclub:forpeoplewhohavesomecomputerknowledgealreadypeople-literate:tobringcomputerstopeopleComputertowns:therearecomputersforthemtoexperimentonnottotellpeopleaboutcomputersdonthavetolearncomputerterms(术语术语)7/23/2024Wecaninferfromthetextthatcomputer-literatemeans.A.beingabletoaffordacomputerB.b
40、eingabletowritecomputerprogramsC.workingwiththecomputerandfindingoutitsvalueD.understandingthecomputerandknowinghowtouseit答案:答案:D。抓住抓住havesomecomputerknowledgealready这一关键,并通过理解这一关键,并通过理解其相对概念其相对概念people-literate作出选择。作出选择。7/23/2024其实,其实,computer-literate是是computer(计算机)计算机)和和literate(受过教育的)构成的合成词,如受过教
41、育的)构成的合成词,如果分别知道这两个词的意思,不仅有助于本果分别知道这两个词的意思,不仅有助于本词汇题的选择,也有助于本文的理解。词汇题的选择,也有助于本文的理解。阅读词汇要求:生词率3%*1000(以上)=至少30。30/5=6个生词/篇。建议:弄熟全国统一考试大纲中的词汇。认识新课标中的词汇。7/23/2024概括主旨。概括主旨。常见的提问方式:This news story is mainly about_.Thetextismainlyabout_.The best headline (标 题 ) for thisnewspaperarticleis_.Whatdoestheseco
42、ndparagraphmainlydiscuss?Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?7/23/2024例如:Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.Suchapersonisnot really a thief. They are sick and cannot helpthemselves. All small children act naturally and asthey grow up they normally learn to control theiract
43、ions-Peoplewithkleptomaniaforcertainmedicalreasonshavefailedtodevelopcontrolovertheirdesiretotakethingsthatdonotbelongtothem.Withmedicalhelp they may become normal citizens again- Thethingsthatakleptomaniacstealsareseldomofgreatvalue.Theyoftengiveawaywhattheyhavestolenorcollectobjectswithoutusingthe
44、m.7/23/2024Whatisthetopicofthetext?A.Youngthieves.B.Anunusualillness.C.Reasonsforstealing.D.Anormalchildsactions.答案:答案:B。本文议论的中心为一种罕见本文议论的中心为一种罕见的疾病,的疾病,浓缩于第一句主题句中:浓缩于第一句主题句中:Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.7/23/2024捕捉细节。捕捉细节。常见的提问方式:Which of the following statements
45、is trueaccordingtotheparagraph(passage)?Which of the following statements is false (nottrue),accordingtotheparagraph(passage)?All the following statements are (not true)EXCEPT The author (writer) mentions all of the itemslistedbelowEXCEPTInthisparagraph(passage),wefindsupportforallofthefollowingstat
46、ementsEXCEPTThestatementsmadebytheauthor(writer)arebasedonevidence(example,fact)The author (paragraph, passage) states (informs,tellus)that7/23/2024例如:SamandJoewereastronauts.Therewasonce a very dangerous trip and the moreexperiencedastronautsknewtherewasonlyasmallchanceofcomingbackalive.SamandJoe,
47、however, thought, it would be excitingthoughalittledangerous.Werethebestmenforthejob,theysaidtotheboss.Theremaybeproblems, but we can find the answers.TheyrethelastpeopleIdtrust,thoughttheboss.Butalltheotherastronautshaverefusedtogo.7/23/2024Most of the astronauts wereunwillingtogoonthetripbecause_.
48、A. there was little chance of beingselectedB.theywerentexperiencedenoughC.theythoughttheymightgetkilledD.itwasntexcitingenough答案:答案:C。本题答案在文中可直接本题答案在文中可直接找到:找到:themoreexperiencedastronautsknewtherewasonlyasmallchanceofcomingbackalive.7/23/2024推断信息。推断信息。针对主题大意针对主题大意/中心思想的推断题。中心思想的推断题。常见的提问方式:Wecancon
49、cludethat.Wemayinferthat.Thewritersuggeststhat.Thestoryimpliesthat.Whatthewriterreallymeansis.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.Accordingtothepassage,youcansee.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethat.Thepassagesuggeststhat.Inthewritersopinion,.7/23/2024针对作者的观点、态度和意图的推断题。针对作者的观点、态度和意图的推断题。Whatdoestheauthorthin
50、kof?Howdoestheauthorfeelabout?Inthewritersopinion,?Whatsthetoneofthispassage?针对写作思路、文章体裁和来源的推断题针对写作思路、文章体裁和来源的推断题What does/did the paragraph preceding thepassagemostprobablydiscuss?The paragraph following the passage mostprobablydiscussesThisselection(节选)mightbesomepartsofabookconcernedwith.Thispass
51、agemightbetakenoutofabookdealingwith.Wheredidthispassagemostprobablyappear?Theseextracts(摘录)areprobablytakenfrom.7/23/2024例如:Wewalkedinsoquietlythatthenurseatthedesk didnt even lift her eyes from the book. MumpointedatabigchairbythedoorandIknewshewantedmetositdown.WhileIwatchedmouthopeninsurprise,Mu
52、mtookoffherhatandcoatandgavethemtometohold.Shewalkedquietlytothesmallroombytheliftandtookoutawetmop.Shepushedthemoppastthedesk.Mumjustpushedharder,eachswipe(拖一下)of the mop taking her farther and farther down thehall.Iwatcheduntilshewasoutofsight.Ofcourse.Itoldheraboutthehospitalrules,andshewillnotex
53、pectusuntiltomorrow.7/23/2024Afterreadingthestorywhatcanweinferaboutthehospital?A.Itisachildrenshospital.B.Ithasstrictrulesaboutvisitinghours.C.Theconditionstherearentverygood.D. The nurses and doctors there dontworkhard.答案:B。本文主要叙述Mum巧妙地骗过护士在非探视时间看望女儿Dagmar的经过,说明医院有严格的探视制度。本题的推论必须与文章主题相联系。7/23/2024
54、(二)完形填空的考查方式(二)完形填空的考查方式运用复现运用复现原词复现。原词复现。上下文中同一概念重复出现。7/23/2024同同义义词词、近近义义词词复复现现。借助意思相同或相近的表达方式,或解释性的语言使上下文语义得以连接起来。7/23/2024同同源源词词复复现现。同一词根,通过前缀、后缀、合成和转化等方式构成同源词。7/23/2024上上下下义义词词复复现现。上义词具有概括性,下义词具有分述作用。7/23/2024概概念念复复现现。同一概念在上下文中以不同的词语出现。7/23/2024评评述述性性复复现现。用一种表达方式对另一种表达方法进行解释或说明。7/23/2024反反义义复复现
55、现。通过反义词或对比使文章前后衔接照应。7/23/2024利用联想利用联想利用话题联想。利用话题联想。就某一话题而言,有许多信息和表达方式与之同现,形成一个个词汇链。7/23/2024利用因果关系联想。利用因果关系联想。7/23/2024利利用用结结构构联联想想。通过关键词进行固定结构联想。7/23/2024借助语言标志。借助语言标志。借助转承语。借助转承语。7/23/2024借助并列连词。借助并列连词。7/23/2024三三突破写作误区突破写作误区巧做书面表达巧做书面表达7/23/2024(一)认识失分原因(一)认识失分原因1审题不仔细,遗漏要点。审题不仔细,遗漏要点。例如:例如:2000年
56、全国卷(目击交通事故)年全国卷(目击交通事故)7/23/2024目目击击报报告告:Itwas7:15onthemorningofFebruary8,2000.IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhenanelderlymancameoutoftheparkontheothersideofthestreet.ThenIsawayellowcardriveupThirdStreetandmakearightturnintoParkRoad.Thenextmomentthecarhitthemanwhilehewascrossingtheroad.Hefel
57、lwithacry. Thecardidntstop but drove off at great speed heading west. Inoticed the driver was a young woman and theplatenumberwasAC864.AbouttwominuteslaterIstopped a passing car and took the old man to thenearesthospital.LiHua7/23/20242过渡不自然,单纯翻译。过渡不自然,单纯翻译。例如:叙述国庆节去北京动物园的情况。有位学生写道:TodayisNationalDa
58、y.LiMingandIwenttoBeijingZoo.WetooktheNo.15bus.Wegottheretenminuteslater.Thereweremanypeopleinthezoo.Mostofthemwerechildren.Inthezoo,wesawelephants.Wesawbears.Wesawlions.At12oclock,wewentbackhome.Wehadawonderfuldaytoday.Wefelttired.Wefelthappy.这位学生把该表达的内容都写出来了,而且没有句子结构方面的错误,但是,他写的不是一篇短文,而是孤零零的孤零零的句子
59、句子。7/23/2024有效地运用连接词,可使上下文连贯流畅。有效地运用连接词,可使上下文连贯流畅。TodayisNationalDay.LiMingandIwenttoBeijingZoo.WetooktheNo.15busandtenminuteslaterwegotthere.Thereweremanypeopleinthezoo,mostofwhomwerechildren.Inthezoo,wesawmanykindsofanimals,suchaselephants,bearsandlions.At12oclock,wewentbackhome.Whatawonderfuldayw
60、ehadtoday.Althoughweweretired,wefeltveryhappy.7/23/20243.逻辑不恰当,有悖常理。逻辑不恰当,有悖常理。结尾:结尾:Itisveryclearthatthepollutionhasharmednotonlypeoplearoundthefactorybutalsothemanagerhimself.Themanagerwascriticizedbythegovernment.Nowhehasrealizedtheimportanceofkeepingtheairclean.7/23/2024短语、从句可使短文更富有表现力。短语、从句可使短文
61、更富有表现力。Chargingentrancefeeswillnodoubtkeepsomepeopleaway.Whatismore,itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls,whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity.4表达不丰富,结构单调。表达不丰富,结构单调。例如:2002年全国卷(讨论公园是否收门票)Theentrancefeesarecharged.Peoplewillnotcome.Wallsandgatesshouldbebuilt.Theywillnotmakethecitylookbad.7/23/2
62、0245语言不地道,汉式思维。语言不地道,汉式思维。例如:2002年全国卷(给英文报纸写信)不少同学写成:Iwanttotellyouaboutthediscussionwevehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.就Iwantotellyou而言,本身没有错,但用在此处就不符合英语习惯了。书信中应写:Iamwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwevejusthadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.7/23/20246用词不贴切,缺乏
63、积累。用词不贴切,缺乏积累。例如:2002年北京卷(记叙野外生存训练)结尾部分有学生写成:Thenwesetupthecampandsetfiretocookfood.最后部分应写:LiMingthenputupthetent,andImadeafireandstartedcooking.姑且不谈tocookfood的对错,单就setfire而言就是个不可原谅的错误,setfiretoaplace系“纵火烧某处”,显而易见是对makeafire这个词组没有掌握。7/23/20247语法不正确,错误不断。语法不正确,错误不断。【误误】CanyoutellAsiaelephantsfromAfri
64、ca?【误误】Hewillrememberfirmlythattheteachersaidanddid.【正】【正】CanyoutellAsianelephantsfromAfricanones?【正】【正】Hewillrememberclearlywhattheteachersaidanddid.7/23/20248书写不规范,多词少词。书写不规范,多词少词。评分原则:词数少于80和多于120的,从总分中减去2分。如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。说明:1内容要点可用不同方式表达。2对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。7/23/2024(二)学会句型转换(二)学会句型转换简单句合并为简
65、单句。简单句合并为简单句。用连词and,bothand,nor,neithernor,or,eitheror,aswellas,notonlybutalso,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan等。例如:Wecannotexpecthertodohousework.Andwecannotexpecthertolookafterthechildren.We can neither expect her to dohouseworknorlookafterthechildren.7/23/2024用同位语,例如:Edison was a great inventor. He w
66、asbornin1847.Edison,agreatinventor,wasbornin1847.用介词短语,例如:Theboywasinbadhealth.Hewasthereforeunabletodoit.Becauseofhisbadhealth,theboywasunabletodoit.7/23/2024用不定式短语,例如:Sheisveryyoung.Shecantgotoschool.Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.用分词短语,例如:Isawabus.Itcameslowlyuptome.Isawabuscomingslowlyuptome.用形容词(短语)
67、,例如:They spent several days in the wind andsnow.Theywerecoldandhungry.Theyspentseveraldaysinthewindandsnow,coldandhungry.7/23/2024用副词短语,例如:I will return to this point in mylecture.Itwillbeinalittlewhile.I will return to this point in mylecturesoon.用独立结构,例如:My fatherwasill. Ihadto stayathome.Myfather
68、beingill,Ihadtostayathome.7/23/2024简单句合并为并列句:简单句合并为并列句:表示句与句之间关系平等,而意义引申,主要连词有:and,例如:Shehaslentusoneofhernewbooks.Thebookisthelatestoneinhercollection.Shehaslentusoneofhernewbooksanditisthelatestoneinhercollection.(表示增补)表示增补)Heisjack-of-all-trades.Heismasterofnone.Heisjack-of-all-tradesand heismast
69、erofnone.(含义向否定引申)含义向否定引申)7/23/2024Anurgenttelegramwassenttoherhusband.Shewaswaitingforhisreply.Anurgenttelegramwassenttoherhusbandandshewaswaitingforhisreply.(表示动作先后)表示动作先后)Thedayisshort.Theworkisheavy.Thedayisshortandtheworkisheavy.(表示让步)表示让步)Thinkitoveragain.Youwillfindawayout.Thinkitoveragainand
70、youwillfindawayout.(表表示示条件)条件)Manyofthepapersaregood.Thesepapersarethebest.Manyofthepapersaregoodandthesepapersarethebest.(表示对比)表示对比)7/23/2024Theyhavefinishedhalfofit.Thisisnotbad.Theyhavefinishedhalfofitandthisisnotbad.(表示评注)表示评注)notonlybutalso,例如:Hesaidit.Hedidittoo.Notonlydidhesayit,butalsohedidi
71、t.nor,neither,neithernor,例如:MarycantspeakFrench.JanecantspeakFrencheither.Neither can Mary speak French, norcanJane.7/23/2024表示选择关系,主要连词有:or,eitheror,whetheror,otherwise等。例如:Stop!Ifnot,Iwillshoot.StoporIllshoot.Youmustbehaveyourself.Youllnevergooutwithmeagain.Eitheryoumustbehaveyourself,oryoullnever
72、gooutwithmeagain.7/23/2024表示转折关系或对比关系,主要连词有:but,still,yet,however,ontheotherhand,allthesame,though,afterall,while等。例如:Tomwasnothere.Hisbrotherwashere.Tomwasnothere,buthisbrotherwas.Thereisnomilkinthecontainer.Youcanfindsomeinthekitchen.Thereisnomilkinthecontainerbutyoucanfindsomeinthekitchen.7/23/20
73、24表示因果关系,主要连词有:for, so,therefore,thus,inthatcase等。例如:Hewasabsentthismorning.Hewasill.Hewasabsentthismorningforhewasill.用when,表示突然发生,相当于justthen,justatthattime/moment,常用结构有:was(were,did)when,例如:Hewasonhiswayhome.Suddenlytwoboysstoppedhim.Hewasonhiswayhome,whentwoboysstoppedhim.7/23/2024was(were)doing
74、when,例如:Iwasthinkingofthis.SuddenlyIheardmynamecalled.I was thinking of this, when I heard my namecalled.was(were)(just)abouttodowhen,例如:I was just about to pick up the receiver. At thatmomentthephonestoppedringing.Iwasjustabouttopickupthereceiver,whenthephonestoppedringing.had(just)donewhen,例如:Harr
75、yhadjustlefthome.Hissonrushedouttoplay.Harryhadjustlefthome,whenhissonrushedouttoplay.7/23/2024简单句合并为主从句:简单句合并为主从句:名词从句:主语从句。例如:Youdidntgotoseesuchawonderfulplay.Itsapity.Itsapitythatyoudidntgotoseesuchawonderfulplay.7/23/2024宾语从句,例如:Heisgoingsomewhere.Idontknow.Idontknowwhereheisgoing.直接引语,例如:Whats
76、houldwedofirst?Thisismyquestion.Thisismyquestion:“Whatweshoulddofirst?”7/23/2024表语从句,例如:Can we finish our work by tomorrowevening?Thatismyquestion.My question is whether we can finishourworkbytomorrowevening.同位语从句,例如:Whatdidhecomeherefor?Itriedtofindtheexplanationtothisquestion.Itriedtofindtheexplan
77、ationtothisquestionwhathecameherefor.7/23/2024定语从句:用关系代词。例如:Inourcourtyardtherewasabigdatetree.Ilikeditverymuch.Inourcourtyardtherewasabigdatetree,whichIlikedverymuch.7/23/2024用关系副词,例如:He will never forget the day. He joined theLeagueonthatday.He will never forget the day when (onwhich)hejoinedtheLe
78、ague.用whose,例如:Ayoungmanfromyourcollegehasbroughtyouthisparcel.Ihaveforgottenhisname.Ayoungmanfromyourcollege,whosenameIhaveforgotten,hasbroughtyouthisparcel.7/23/2024状语从句:表示时间,例如:Hetoldmeyesterday.Iheardaboutitonlythen.Ididnthearaboutituntilhetoldmeyesterday.表示地点,例如:Heputhisbookonthekitchentable.He
79、founditthere.Hefoundhisbookwhereheputit.7/23/2024表示原因,例如:Everybody is present. Lets begin ourdiscussion.Since everybody is present, lets beginourdiscussion.表示目的,例如:Wemustlistenmoreandspeakmore.Inthis way well be able to learn Englishbetter.WemustlistenmoreandspeakmoresothatwellbeabletolearnEnglishbe
80、tter.7/23/2024表示结果,例如:Itwasrainingcatsanddogs.Wecouldntgoout.Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldntgoout.表示条件,例如:You can go out. You must promise tocomebackbeforeeleven.Youcangooutaslongasyoupromisetocomebackbeforeeleven.7/23/2024表示比较,例如:The color of your cap is blue. The color ofmineisbluetoo.Yourcapisthe
81、samecolorasmine.表示让步,例如:Hehashadgreatsuccess.Heisworkingveryhard.Thoughhehashadgreatsuccess,heisstillworkingveryhard.表示方式,例如:Hedidtheexperiment.Histeachershowedhimhowtodoit.Hedidtheexperimentashisteachershowedhim.7/23/2024(三)活用过渡用语(三)活用过渡用语表示时间关系的过渡词语:first,inthebeginning,firstofall,next,second,then
82、,soon,meanwhile,meantime,inthemeantime,now,earlier,later,afterthat,afterward,atthatmoment,bythattime,fromthenon,presently,eventually,atlast,finally,before.,after.,since.,when.,while.,assoonas.,once.,until.7/23/2024表示添加的过渡词语:and, also, too, again, besides, also,another,moreover,furthermore,inaddition
83、,aswellas,whatismore表示比较的过渡词语:like,alike,incomparison,likewise,inthesameway,atthesametime,similarly,inlikemanner,as,aswellas7/23/2024表示对照的过渡同语:but,yet,still,however,unlike,instead,whereas,inspiteof,despite,onthecontrary,incontrast,onthe other hand, though, although, for onethingforanother表示原因的过渡词语:b
84、ecause,for,since, as, because of, due to, owing to,thanksto表示结果的过渡词语:so,thus,therefore,hence,sothat,asaresult,inthis/thatway7/23/2024表示例证的过渡同语:forexample,forinstance,suchas,thatis, namely, in particular, specifically, asproofof表示总结的过渡词语:tosumup,toconclude,tosummarize,onthewhole,allinall,lastly,insho
85、rt,inbrief,inaword,inconclusion,inclosing,insummary7/23/2024表示强调的过渡词语:surely, certainly, truly, undoubtedly,clearly,indeed,infact,afterall,aboveall,mostimportant,tobesure,withoutdoubt,withoutaquestion,asamatteroffact表示重述的过渡词语:inotherwords,thatistosay,insimplerterms,simplystated,toputitdifferently7/2
86、3/2024表示综述的过渡词语:generally,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,asarule,forthemostpart表示让步的过渡词语:anyhow,anyway,ofcourse,however,inanycase,atanyrate7/23/2024(四)强化短文改错(四)强化短文改错一致性问题主谓一致a. The new boy or girl in school quicklybecomeoneoftheclassafterafewgames.主语theboyorgirl是单数,谓语动词也要用单数
87、becomes。b.Every means have been tried tosettle theproblem.主语everymeans为单数概念,故将have改为has。7/23/2024单复数一致a.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.time改为times。b.Differentpeoplespeakdifferentlanguage.language改为languages。代词一致a.Thegamespeaksforthemselves.themselves改为itself。b.AndIcantforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.I改为me。c.
88、Nothingwillbedamagedduringthemove,willthey?they改为it。7/23/2024时态语态一致a.Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.is改为was,与inthepast保持一致。b.Heknewhowyoungpeoplefeelabouttheworld.feel改为felt,与knew保持一致。c.Sheclosedthedoorandhurriesawaytoclass.改为Sheclosedthedoorandhurriedawaytoclass.hurried时态跟and前的clo
89、sed保持一致。d.Booksmaybekeepingfortwoweeks.此句为被动语态,故将keep改为过去分词kept。7/23/2024搭配问题Peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivefortwicesolongaspeoplewholivedafewhundredyearsago.solongas改为aslongas。Motheriscookingteafortheguests.cooking改为making。maketea为习惯表达。Theglassisfilledofwater.of改为with,固定词组为befilledwith。W
90、hentheycamedownthepolicewereangrytothem.to改为with,beangrywithsb为固定搭配。7/23/2024非谓语动词Heallowedmegowithmyfriend.go前加to,allowsbtodosthallow与带to的不定式连用。Letmetosingasong.去掉to,letsbdosthlet与不带to的动词不定式连用。Iwanttothankyouagainforhavemeinyourhomeforthesummerholidays.have改为having,因为for是介词,后面要跟名词或动名词作宾语。7/23/2024冠
91、词的用法TherespubliclibraryineverytowninBritain.is后加不定冠词a。a常用于可数名词单数之前,表示类别,或介绍某个。Noteveryyoungmantriedtogettherich.去掉the。get后跟形容词。getrich意为“变为富有”,而gettherich(富人),则语意不通。7/23/2024连词的使用Itwasnotlikearopeandafan.and改为or。or常用于否定意义的句子;and常用于肯定意义的句子。ItoldMother,Father,Sister,allmyfriendsherethegreattimeIhad.al
92、l前加and。She could not hear that other people weresaying.that改为what。what既连接从句,又在从句中作saying的宾语。There are still some countries which peoplehaveshorterlives.which改为where。where在定语从句中作地点状语。Wehurried,wedidntmissthelastbus.改为Wehurried,so(that)wedidntmissthelastbus.7/23/2024形容词和副词的用法Thisfilmismorelessinterest
93、ingthanthatone.more改为much。much修饰比较级,表示程度。They are singing happy in thepark.happy改为happily。happily为副词,修饰动词singing。7/23/2024句子结构ThepictureisaboutapoorlittlegirllivedinoldChina.此句中从句缺主语,应在lived前加who。CharlesandLindaMasondoalltheirthingsaswellasclimbedbuilding.climbed改为climbing。climbing是动名词,成份与alltheirthings平行,都作do的宾语。7/23/2024逻辑关系Didyougobackhereyesterday?go改为come。go here无逻辑搭配关系。Workhard,oryoucanpasstheexam.or改为and,才有逻辑意义7/23/2024(五)注意改错格式(五)注意改错格式7/23/20247/23/2024Good Luck !Good Luck !7/23/2024