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1、必修4Unit 1Women of achievement核心单词achievementachieveproject1_ n成就；功绩_ vt.完成；达成connectionconnectconnectedorganization2_ n项目；工程；规划3_ n连接；关系_ v连接；联合_ adj.有联系的；相关的4_ n 组织；机构；团体_ vt.组织_ n组织者_ adj.有组织的；有条理的organizeorganizerorganized5_ vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现_n(behavior)行为；举止；习性behavebehaviour6_ adj.值得的；值得做的wo
2、rthwhile7_ vt.观察；观测；遵守_ n观察；观测_ n观察者observeobservationobserver8_ vt.& n尊敬；尊重；敬意_ adj.可敬的；体面的_ adj.尊敬人的；恭敬的_adv.尊敬地respectrespectablerespectfulrespectfully9_ vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论_ n争论；争辩；争吵argueargument10_ n款待；娱乐；娱乐表演_vt.使娱乐；款待_ adj.娱乐的；愉快的11_ n人群；观众 vt.挤满；使拥挤_adj.拥挤的entertainmententertainentertained12_
3、vt.鼓舞；激发；启示_ n灵感；鼓舞_ adj.鼓舞人心的；有灵感的crowd13_ n& vt.支持；拥护_ adj.支持的；拥护的_ n支持者；拥护者crowded14_vi.谈到；查阅；参考_ n参考；参阅inspireinspirationinspirationalsupportsupportivesupporterreferreference15_ vt.计划；打算_ n企图；打算16_ n突发事件；紧急情况intendintention17_n一代；一辈emergencygeneration18_ adj.考虑周到的_ vt.考虑_ n考虑；体谅_ adj.相当大的19 _ vt
4、. 递送；生( 小孩儿) ；接生；发表( 演说等)_ n递送；传送considerateconsider20_ adj.谦虚的；谦让的；适度的_ n谦虚_ adv.谦虚地considerationconsiderabledeliverdeliverymodestmodestymodestly常考短语1_ being 人2_ off 离开；起程；出发3_ with 同争论4_ up 建立humanmoveargue5_ a.life 过着的生活6_ in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海7_ down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起setleadcrowdlookreferdochancecom
5、edeliver8_ to 查阅；参考；谈到9_ research 进行研究10by _ 碰巧；凑巧carrystruggle11_ across (偶然)遇见；碰见example12_ a baby 接生13_ on 继续；坚持work14_ for 为而斗争15for _ 例如16_ out 解决；锻炼身体经典佳句asmanycountriesaspossible1 She also worked hard to make _ _ _ _ agree not to use them. 她也努力工作让尽可能多的国家同意不再使用它们。2 Only after her mother came t
6、o help her for the first fewmonths was she _ _ _ her project.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。3_ _ _， it all comes crowding inand I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。allowedtobeginOnceIstop4 Suddenly it hit me _ _ _ for a woman to get medical training at that time. 突然我想起
7、在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。5Further reading made me realize that _ _hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature _got her into medical school.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。howdifficultitwasitwasthat课文回顾scientistunderstandobservingJane Goodall, a famous woman 1._ (science), whohas studied c
8、himps for many yearshelps people 2._(understand) how much they behave like humans.Nobody beforehas fully understood chimps behavior.Jane spent many years3._ (observe) and recording their daily activities.Shedid not study at a university but she was determined 4._(work) with animals in their own envi
9、ronment.When she arrived5._ Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live inthe forest.Only 6._ her mother came to help her for theto workinafterthesetheirthatwomenfirst few months was she allowed to begin her project.She has beenhelping the rest of the world understand and respect the lifeof 7.
10、_ (this) animals.She has achieved everything shewanted to do: working with animals in 8._ (they) ownenvironment, gaining a doctors degree for study, showing9._ women can live in the forest as men can.She inspiresthose who want to cheer the achievements of 10._(woman)单句语法填空observedknowsdelivered1(201
11、7 年江苏卷阅读理解B)This educational method wasfirst _ (observe) in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer，a biologistat Flinders University in South Australia, and her colleagues.2No worker and no engineer _ (know) who it is thatis to blame for the explosion of the chemical factory.3 Do you want to get this book _ (del
12、iver) to yourhouse or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?playingarguinghad plannedinspiring4Is there any news for the missing boy?Yes, he was observed _ (play) computer games at 8oclock yesterday.5It is no use _ (argue) with her over the matter.Sheis quite stubborn and will never c
13、hange her mind.6 I _ (plan) to take a holiday last year, but Iwasnt able to get away.7 What _ (inspire) news it is that my father willtake me to the Wuhan Happy Valley this weekend!forentertainmentconsiderate8I hope airlines can show more respect _ passengersand improve service.9 Computers have repl
14、aced televisions as our most popularform of _ (entertain)10It was _ (consider) of you not to play thepiano while I was sleeping.1observe vt.观察；观测；遵守observe sb.do/doing sth.观察到某人做了/正在做某事observe the customs 遵守习俗observation n观察；观测make an observation of 对进行观察under observation 在监视下【名师指津】在被动语态中，observe 后充
15、当补足语的不带 to 的动词不定式中的 to 要还原出来，即 be observed to do sth.。辨析observe, watch 和 examine(1)observe 一般用于较长时间的观察、了解，多用于科研等方面。(2)watch 一般指盯梢、观看活动中的人或物。(3)examine 一般指为了了解情况，使用某些手段去检查、查看。to observeto opento keep运用用所给词的适当形式填空(1)It is a tradition for the people here _ (observe)the Spring Festival.(2)The thief was
16、observed _ (open) the windowand run away.(3)It is everybodys duty to observe them (traffic rules)_ (keep) our society in order and going on the righttrack.2respect vt.& n尊敬；尊重；敬意win/earn/gain the respect of sb.赢得某人的尊敬show ones respect for sb./sth.对表示尊敬或敬意respect sb.for 因为而尊敬某人in all/many respects 在各
17、个/许多方面in respect of sth.关于；就而言with respect to sth.至于；关于；就而言respectable adj.可敬的；体面的respectful adj.表示敬意的；尊敬人的；恭敬的respective adj.分别的；各自的【写作佳句】(1)In addition, you should respect all the teachers whounselfishly help you to gain much knowledge.而且，你应该尊敬所有无私帮助你获得大量知识的老师。(2)Please give my respect to your par
18、ents.请代我向你的父母问好。运用完成句子，每空一词showour(1)我们都起立来表示对这些普通劳动者的敬意。We all stood up to _ _ _ _these ordinary workers.respectforrespected(2)他因诚实而颇受大家尊敬。He is highly _ by everyone _ his honesty.(3)我非常尊敬你的妈妈。forrespectforI have the greatest _ _ your mother.(4)这个提议在各个方面都很棒。inallrespectsThis proposal is excellent _
19、 _ _.3argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论argue against/for (sb./sth.)反对/赞成(某人/某事)argue with sb.(about/over sth.)与某人(为某事)争论/争吵argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事argue that-clause 主张argument n争论；争辩；争吵have an argument (about/over sth.)(为某事)争吵beyond argument 无可争辩的辨析argue, quarrel 和 discuss(1)argue 意为“争论；辩论”，指举
20、出理由或事实来与对方争辩，有“企图说服对方”的含义。(2)quarrel 意为“争吵；吵架；争辩”，侧重用“口角”方式争执。(3)discuss 意为“讨论”，指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而交换意见。forwithintoagainstbeyond运用用适当的介词或副词填空The workers, who argued _ their own rights, argued_ the boss for a few days, but failed to argue him_ giving them a rise in wages because the boss argued_ it and
21、insisted that it was _ argument that theirpay had already been OK.4supportn& vt.支持；拥护in support of sb./sth.支持或支援某人/某事give support to sb.支持或支援某人support a family 养家糊口support oneself 自力更生support sb.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面支持某人support sb.by doing sth.通过做某事支持某人【写作佳句】From dawn to dusk, he works 12 hours to
22、 support his family.从早到晚，为了支撑他的家庭，他工作 12 个小时。to supportinof运用单句语法填空(1)He had to do an extra job after work, for he had a bigfamily _ (support)(2)Well support you heart and soul _ your newexperiment.(3)Only a few people spoke in support _ his planwhich made him very disappointed.1move off 离开；起程；出发mov
23、e on 继续前进/进行move out 迁出；搬出move in 迁进；搬进move along 移动一下；向前移动(以腾出空间)【名师指津】move 为及物动词，意为“使某人激动、感动”，常用于短语 be/feel (deeply) moved，表示“被(深深地)打动”。onoutoff运用用适当的介词或副词填空(1)We talked for a while and then moved _ to anotherhouse.(2)Were moving _ of our old house next week.(3)When we got to the station, the trai
24、n had moved _.2look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起look on sb./sth.asconsider sb./sth.as 把某人看作look on 袖手旁观look into 调查；观察look up 查阅(单词、资料等)；向上看look (sb.) up and down 上下打量(某人)look out for sb./sth.警惕或留心某人/物【名师指津】(1)look down at sb./sth.意为“低头看某人/物”。(2)look down upon/on 的近义词为 turn up ones nose at，意为“对嗤之以鼻；看不起”。运用完成
25、句子，每空一词lookdownupon/on(1)因此，我们没有理由轻视普通的工作。Therefore, there is no reason for us to _ _ ordinary jobs.lookedonas(2)他被认为是这个学科的权威人物。He is _ _ _ the leading authority onthe subject.lookitupinadictionary(3)如果你想知道一个词的用法，就查词典。If you want to know how a word is used, _ _ _ _ _.3refer to查阅；参考；谈到；指的是refer to.as
26、.把称为；认为是refer sth.to sth.把归因于reference n参考，参照；参阅in/with reference to 参照【写作佳句】When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer torelevant learning materials or Web pages.当我面临困难时，我常常选择查阅相关的学习资料或网页。reference运用 单句语法填空(1)The children usually refer to this old teacher _grandpa.(2)The person _
27、(refer) to last meeting has beenarrested.(3)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as _(refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.asreferred4come acrossrun acrossmeet by chance (偶然)遇见；碰见come abouthappen 发生come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出come up 升起；发生；出现come up with sth.找到或提出(答案、办法等)【
28、一句多译】acrossoutwithabout昨天她在百货商店购物时，偶然碰到了自己的一位老朋友。She met an old friend of hers yesterday by chance while shewas shopping at the department store. She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while shewas shopping at the department store.运用用适当的介词或副词填空(1)I came _ some new words while reading.(2)His
29、 new book will come _ next month.(3)She came up _ a new idea for increasing sales.(4)Can you tell me how the accident came _？原句1Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruitand nuts.直到那时，人人都以为猩猩只吃水果和坚果。句中的 had thought 意为“原以为；本以为”，表示虚拟的含义，表示与实际情况不同的猜想、看法等。有这类用法的动词还有：had planned (原计划；本来计划)；had
30、 expected (本来希望;本来预料;本来期望);had wished/hoped (本希望)；had wanted(本想)。had thoughthad plannedhad wanted运用单句语法填空(1)I should not have laughed if I _ (think) youwere serious.(2)I _ (plan) to go back home this Sunday, but Iwas too busy.(3)I _ (want) to invite you to our party but Ididnt get in touch with you.
31、原句2Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I rememberthe chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。once 在 此 做 连 词 ， 意为“ 一 就 ； 一旦 就”，相当于 as soon as，所引导的从句常用一般现在时来表示将要发生的动作。once 还可做副词，意为“一次；从前”，构成的常见短语有：all at once (突然)；at once (立刻，马上)；once in a while (偶尔；有时)；once upon a time (从前)。注意：o
32、nce 引导条件状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词为be 动词时，或从句为“it be”时，从句的“主语be”或“it be”可以省略。运用完成句子，每空一词(1)攻下这一难关，其他问题就好办了。_ _ _ is overcome, other problemswill be easy to solve.Oncethisdifficulty(2)一旦我们有共同的兴趣，友谊便开始形成了。_ _ _ _ _ interest,a friendship can begin.Oncewehaveacommon(3)这么多的好主意！太多了，我很难一下子完全吸收。So many good i
33、deas! Its too much for me to absorb all_ _.atonce(4)他偶尔来我们房中闲谈。He comes to our room for a chat _ _ _.onceinawhile原句3Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a womanto get medical training at that time.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。句中使用了“It hit(s) me从句”结构，意思是“我突然想到”，it 在句中做形式主语。类似的结构还有：It occurs/occurr
34、ed to sb.that.(某人)突然想到It strikes/struck sb.that.(某人)突然想到It happens/happened that.碰巧运用一句多译，每空一词我突然意识到我一直都在关注生活中错误的而不是正确的事情。hit/struckoccurredtoIt _ me that I had been paying attention to whatwas going wrong with my life rather than what was right.It _ _ me that I had been paying attentionto what was
35、going wrong with my life rather than what was right.运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来Hans is a man of 1._ (achieve)He has devotedall his life 2._ homeless children and his behavior 3._(win) respect of all.Recently, Hans was asked 4._ (deliver)a speech on the 5._ (graduate) in Harvard University.Hesaid，“6._
36、(care) for children is an ordinary job, but dontlook down 7._ ordinary jobs.Once you begin to doachievementtohas wonto delivergraduationCaringupon/onsixtiesbestwithsomething, you must keep on with it, otherwise you will neverachieve anything.Only when you are in your 8._ (six) andlooking back on you
37、r life will you realize whether you have doneyour 9._ (well)And only when you can say you have triedyour best will you be content 10._ your life.”阅读理解(十二)阅读理解四大题型之主旨大意题(2)：2标题归纳题对文章主旨大意的考查，不仅可以直接以理解段落及文章的主旨大意的形式出现，而且也可以用选择或拟定文章标题的形式出现。因此，选择文章标题，首先可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再定标题。选择文章标题时应注意以下几点：首先，要考虑标题
38、对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。标题一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体现文章主旨。要避免下列三种情况：(1)概括不够(多表现为部分代替整体，从而导致范围太小)；(2)过度概括(多表现为脱离文章内容的发挥)；(3)以事实、细节代替抽象、具体的大意。其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。考生要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑所选标题与文章主题是否有密切的关系。标题既不能太大，也不能太小，太大则中心不突出，太小也发挥不了应起的作用；标题的精确度要高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。它可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。再次，要注意标题的醒目性。选择的标题要简洁、突出、新颖。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章
39、的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性，读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。故标题一般比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。最后，要注意恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。【例】(2017 年新课标卷)Some of the worlds most famous musicians recently gatheredin Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual InternationalJazz Day.
40、UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific andCultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raiseawareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as aunifying (联合) voice across cultures.Despite the celebrations, though, in the US.the jazz audiencecontinues to shrink and gr
41、ow older, and the music has failed toconnect with younger generations.Its Jason Morans job to help change that.As the KennedyCenters artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen theaudience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve itshistory and culture.“Jazz seems like its not real
42、ly a part of the Americanappetite ， ” Moran tells National Public Radios reporter NealConan.“What Im hoping to accomplish is that my generation andyounger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not blackand white anymore.Its actually colorful, and its actually digital.”Moran says one of the
43、 problems with jazz today is that theentertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music cantbe presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has tocontinue to move, because the way the world works is not thesame，” says Moran.Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged FatsWallers
44、music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in themind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，”says Moran.“For me, its the recontextualization.In music, wheredoes the emotion (情感) lie? Are we, as humans gaining any insight( 感 悟 ) on how to talk about ourselves and how so
45、mething asabstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about ouremotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the musichas a wider context ，” says Moran, “so I want to continue thosedialogues.Those are the things I want to foster.”31Which of the following can be the best tit
46、le for the text?AExploring the Future of Jazz.BThe Rise and Fall of Jazz.CThe Story of a Jazz Musician.DCelebrating the Jazz Day.解析：A标题归纳题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视设立爵士日，但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步，否则将失去吸引力。由此可知本文主要探索爵士乐的未来，故选A。If asked if space exploration should continue, most Americanswould gi
47、ve an immediate response either in favour of continuing orin favour of ending space exploration.A common response wouldbe that space exploration is a waste of money.An average American,uneducated on the subject, might believe that the government iswasting billions of dollars on the research that has
48、 novalue.Someone strange to the subject might say that a space shuttlegoes up once in a while and that is about all that happens.Researchis ongoing and continues when there are no shuttles being launched.This also costs the government money.Does the extreme cost ofspace exploration make sense?One ar
49、gument is that the government is wasting money on theresearch not being used on Earth.Actually, the money goes toworkers and scientists that support National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration (NASA) missions, and goes to major companiesthat play important roles in major sectors of the U.S.economy.
50、Boeing is a partner of NASA for aircraft, the samecompany that makes commercial aircraft for the airline industry.Another benefit to continuing space exploration is the manyspinoff ( 衍生的) technologies it provides.The artificial ( 人造的)heart resulted from experiments on the space shuttle.The handheldJ
51、aws of Life used to save victims from car accidents originatedfrom the system used to separate the space shuttle from its boosterrockets.Insulation ( 隔 热 板 ) in homes that keeps them warm andenergy efficient is based on the technology used to insulate thespace shuttle.There are direct benefits to th
52、e economy provided by NASAmissions as well as those technologies.These advances are found infood, building materials, medical procedures and the vehicles wedrive.While it can be proven that billions of dollars that could beused elsewhere is being spent on space exploration, the benefits itprovides o
53、utweigh the terrible aspects.As a matter of fact, themoney spent helps to improve the quality of our lives.What would be the best title for the text?ABenefits of space exploration.BIs space exploration worth the cost?CHow to make space exploration affordable.DMissions of the NASA space shuttle program.解析：B标题归纳题。纵观全文并结合第一段最后一句以及文章最后一句可知，本文主要是在讨论用于太空探索的钱花得值不值这一问题。而 B 项概括了文章主旨，适合做标题。故选 B。
