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1、Section Word power，Grammar and usageWords and Phrases1_ (n.)飞机飞机2 _ (n.) 船长，队长，上尉船长，队长，上尉3 _ (n.) 警告警告4 _ (adj.) 广泛的，普遍的广泛的，普遍的5star _ 在在中担任主角中担任主角6get _touch _ 和和取得联系取得联系7come _ use 开始使用开始使用自学导引新知初探自学导引新知初探airplanecaptainwarningwidespreadin in with into 语法精讲专项突破语法精讲专项突破品味语法品味语法品味语法品味语法过去完成时过去完成时一、过
2、去完成时一、过去完成时1过去完成时的构成与用法过去完成时的构成与用法过过去去完完成成时时由由“had动动词词的的过过去去分分词词”构构成，主要有以下几种用法：成，主要有以下几种用法：讲解归纳讲解归纳讲解归纳讲解归纳(1)“过去的过去过去的过去”表表示示在在过过去去之之前前已已经经发发生生的的事事或或做做的的动动作作，此此时时句句子子需需有有过过去去的的某某一一个个时时间间作作为为背背景景或或参照。参照。When the police arrived, the thief had run away.警察赶到时，小偷已经逃跑了。警察赶到时，小偷已经逃跑了。(2)间接引语中用在told, said,
3、 knew, heard, thought等后的宾语从句中，表示从句动作发生在主句动作之前。She said that she had told the truth to her parents.她说她已经把真相告诉了父母。(3)“持续到过去”表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态。He had learned English for five years before he moved to Australia.他移居澳大利亚之前已经学了5年英语。【注意】表示意愿、打算的动词，如hope, mean, want, think, expect, plan, intend等的
4、过去完成时表示“原本(但事实上并没有)”之意。(4)过去完成时用于固定句式常用于hardly/scarcely.when.和 no sooner.than.句型中。We had hardly got there when it began to rain.我们刚到那里就开始下雨了。No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。在“It was the first (second，third.) time that.”句型中，that从句要用过去完成时。It was the first time that I had gone
5、abroad.这是我第一次出国。【注意】在before，after，as soon as 等引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间先后，所以可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。I went home after I finished my work.完成工作后，我就回家了。I called him as soon as I arrived.我刚到就给他打了电话。二、现在完成时与过去完成时的区别区别区别现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时动作发生动作发生的时间的时间过去过去过去的过去过去的过去动作影响动作影响的时间的时间现在现在过去过去I have learned 1,000 English
6、 words so far.到目前为止，我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。I had learned 1,000 English words till then.到那时为止，我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。.用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空1 They became friends again that day.Until then，they_(not speak) to each other for nearly two years.2Danny _(work) hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular
7、.专项训练专项训练专项训练专项训练hadnt spokenhas worked3At the end of the meeting，it was announced that an agreement _(reach)4I _(be)there more than an hour when he appeared.5The unemployment rate in this district _(fall)from 6% to 5% in the past two years.had been reachedhad beenhas fallen6John had to have his car
8、 repaired in a garage because it _(damage)seriously.7When you get the paper back，pay special attention to what _(mark)8Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?Yes，he did.He _(see)his old friends for a long time.had been damagedhave been markedhadnt seen.单项填空单项填空1 I would rather you _there ye
9、sterday.AareBwereChad been Dhas been解解析析：选选C。句句意意：我我真真希希望望你你昨昨天天在在那那儿儿。would rather后后接接从从句句，其其谓谓语语动动词词要要用用虚虚拟拟语语气气，用用一一般般过过去去时时表表示示现现在在或或将将来来的的动动作作或或状状态态，用用过过去去完完成成时时表表示示过过去去的的动动作作或或状态。由题中状态。由题中yesterday判定应用过去完成时。判定应用过去完成时。2 The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small black box which _pl
10、aced under the ministers car.Ahas been Bwas beingChad been Dwould be解解析析：选选C。caught ones attention用用的的是是一一般般过过去去时时，而而从从句句的的动动作作是是在在此此之之前前完完成的成的,所以用过去完成时态。所以用过去完成时态。3His earlier concert in Shanghai_ a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer _a concert on the mainland.Ais；held Bwas；heldCha
11、d been；would hold Dwas；had held解析：选D。由earlier可知第一个空用一般过去时；第二句特别注意was，It was the first time.结构中要用过去完成时，若是It is the first time.则需用现在完成时。4I went to the supermarket yesterday，but I didnt see you there.I _doing the old businessa year ago.Ahave stopped BstopChad stopped Dam stopping解析：选A。注意句中“a year ago”，
12、这一时间状语并非句子的状语，由破折号可知“a year ago”是起进一步补充说明作用的，题意是“我现在已经不干了，是一年前不干的”，所以该题应用现在完成时。5I_that we would be able to leave tomorrow，but it was beginning to look difficult.Aexpected Bhad expectedCexpect Dhas expected解析：选B。动词expect，hope，mean，plan，think等的过去完成时形式可表示未实现的过去的希望、意图、期待等。6Hardly _his job when he left t
13、he office.Ahas he finished Bhe had finishedChe finished Dhad he finished解析：选D。hardly.when.是固定搭配，意思是“一就”。此句型结构要求hardly后的动词时态用过去完成时，when后的时态用一般过去时。因hardly 是否定副词,位于句首时应用倒装，故选D。7We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ each other for years.Aknew Bhave knownChad known Dknow解析：选
14、C。know在felt之前延续了一段时间，是过去之前的状态,所以用过去完成时。8Have you read the book called Waiting for Anya?Who _ it?Awrites Bhas writtenCwrote Dhad written解析：选C。上文的时态为现在完成时，下文中的“write”应该发生在这个对话之前，现在完成时指的是现在，所以本题应该用一般过去时。9(2011高考辽宁卷)By the time Jack returned home from England, his son _ from college.Agraduated Bhas grad
15、uatedChad been graduating Dhad graduated解析：选D。句意：到杰克从英格兰返回家时，他的儿子已大学毕业。本题考查时态用法。根据句意可知，设空处说的是过去的事情，故用过去时，排除B项；设空处的动作(graduate)先于returned这一动作，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。10(2011高考四川卷)What a mistake!Yes. I _ his doing it another way, but without success.Awas suggesting Bwill suggestCwould suggest Dhad suggested解析：选D。句意：真是个错误啊！是啊，我建议过让他用另外一种方法做事,但他不听。考查动词时态。从语境看，他已经犯了错误，那么“建议”是在他做事之前的动作，是“过去的过去”，应该用过去完成时,而不是过去进行时、一般将来时或过去将来时。
