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1、Lecture TwoCommon Errors & Improprieties to Be AvoidedI. Errors on the Word-Level i) Misspellings ture (true), E.g., It is ture that an inconsiderate person isnt welcome in society. (WRONG) It is true that an inconsiderate person isnt welcome in society. (RIGHT) though (thought)E.g., At that time, I
2、 though he had misunderstood his parents. (WRONG) At that time, I thought he had misunderstood his parents. taugh (taught)E.g., Prof. Wilson taugh Western philosophy in University. (WRONG) Prof. Wilson taught Western philosophy in University. (RIGHT) caugh (caught), E.g., The mother finally caugh he
3、r naughty boy after they had circled the house thirty times! (WRONG) The mother finally caught her naughty boy after they had circled the house thirty times! (RIGHT) thin (think), E.g., I thin we can solve the problem in many good ways. (WRONG) I think we can solve the problem in many good ways. (RI
4、GHT) thing (think) I thing we can solve the problem in many good ways. (WRONG) I think we can solve the problem in many good ways. (RIGTH) nowdays/nowaday (nowadays)E.g., Nowdays/Nowaday, many people spend a considerable part of a day sitting in front of their computers for no good reason. (WRONG) N
5、owadays, many people spend a considerable part of a day sitting in front of their computers for no good reason. (RIGHT) alway (always) E.g., He can alway choose the right time to speak on a meeting. (WRONG) He can always choose the right time to speak on a meeting. (RIGHT) pround (proud)E.g., I dont
6、 think his little progress is something to be pround of. (WRONG) I dont think his little progress is something to be proud of. (RIGHT) image (imagine)E.g., When I was in class in the primary school, sometimes I became carried away by imaging that I was doing something interesting outside the classro
7、om. (WRONG) When I was in class in the primary school, sometimes I became carried away by imagining that I was doing something interesting outside the classroom. (RIGHT) youself (yourself)E.g., Sometimes you benefit youself by doing something that benefits others at the same time. (WRONG) Sometimes
8、you benefit yourself by doing something that benefits others at the same time. (RIGHT) writting (writing) (written) E.g., This afternoon, Ill be busy writting a report about the departments operation in the first half of the year. (WRONG) This afternoon, Ill be busy writing a report about the depart
9、ments operation in the first half of the year. (RIGHT) The letter was written by one person and delivered by another. (RIGHT) belive (believe)E.g., The inspector belived that the criminal was a very skilful one who left barely any trace on the scene of the crime. (WRONG) The inspector believed that
10、the criminal was a very skilful one who left barely any trace on the scene of the crime. (RIGHT) quiet (quite)E.g., I quiet like that game because of the design of its plot. (WRONG) I quite like that game because of the design of its plot. (RIGHT) fresh (flesh)E.g., The fresh from the fish is proces
11、sed before being put in cans for sale on the markets the world over. (WRONG) The flesh from the fish is processed before being put in cans for sale on the markets the world over. (RIGHT) frame (flame)E.g., The frames of the big fire could be seen yards away. (WRONG) The flames of the big fire could
12、be seen yards away. (RIGHT) corn (coin) E.g., Every corn has two sides. (WRONG) Every coin has two sides. (RIGHT) arguement (argument) E.g., The key point in the arguement of the strikers yesterday was that their salary be raised to match the length and intensity of their labor in the factory. (WRON
13、G) The key point in the argument of the strikers yesterday was that their salary be raised to match the length and intensity of their labor in the factory. (RIGHT) recieve (receive) E.g., John Porter recieved a prize for best seller of the company in the 2004. (WRONG) John Porter received a prize fo
14、r best seller of the company in the 2004. (RIGHT) quarel (quarrel)E.g., The couple quareled for almost an hour without understanding what the other was really trying to say. (WRONG) The couple quarreled for almost an hour without understanding what the other was really trying to say. (RIGHT) 21. imf
15、ormation (information)E.g., The imformation provided about the product in the brochure doesnt match what the client service of the company reports. (WRONG) The imformation provided about the product in the brochure doesnt match what the client service of the company reports. (RIGHT)ii) Misuses lack
16、e.g. I lack of/in the necessary knowledge to finish the task all by myself. (WRONG) Im lack of/in the necessary knowledge to finish the task all by myself. (WRONG) I lack the necessary knowledge to finish the task all by myself. (RIGHT) like, unlike e.g. Mary like our sister, she cares a lot about u
17、s. (WRONG) Mary likes our sister, she cares a lot about us. (WRONG) Like our sister, Mary cares a lot about us. (RIGHT) Mary is like our sister, who cares a lot about us. (RIGHT) These young people unlike their older generation, they use up their wages way before the time they shall get their next m
18、onthly pay. (WRONG) Unlike their older generation, these young people use up their wages way before the time they shall get their next monthly pay. (RIGHT) These young people are unlike their older generation. They use up their wages way before the time they shall get their next monthly pay. (RIGHT)
19、 easy, uneasy The job is easy. The job is not easy. (RIGHT) The job is uneasy. (WRONG) The job is hard. (RIGHT) He has worked out an easy way to do the job. He has worked out an uneasy way to do the job. (WRONG) He has worked out a way to do the job, which is not easy. (MISLEADING) He has worked out
20、 a way to do the job. (But) It is not an easy way. (PROPER) We found it quite easy to do what he told us to. We found it quite uneasy to do what he told us to. (WRONG) We found it quite not easy to do what he told us to. (Cf. We found it not quite easy to do what he told us to.) (RIGHT) We found it
21、quite hard to do what he told us to. (RIGHT) hard, hardlyE.g. Jason prepared for the lesson really hardly before the final exams. (IMPROPER) Jason prepared for the lesson really hard before the final exams. (RIGHT) people, person I met one people in the street. (IMPROPER). I met one person in the st
22、reet. (RIGHT) I met three people/persons in the street. (RIGHT) success, succeedE.g., Thomas Edison successed in inventing the light bulb after hundreds of experiments. (WRONG) Thomas Edison succeeded in inventing the light bulb after hundreds of experiments. (RIGHT) its, itsE.g., When the cat opene
23、d its eyes against the flashlight, I could see two shining balls facing me. (WRONG) When the cat opened its eyes against the flashlight, I could see two shining balls facing me. (RIGHT) Its all too hard for a widowed mother to raise her three babies all on her own. (WRONG) Its all too hard for a wid
24、owed mother to raise her three babies all on her own. (RIGHT) maybe, may beE.g. The man maybe not so good as he was said to be. (WRONG) The man may be not so good as he was said to be. (RIGHT) The man maybe is not so good as he was said to be. (RIGHT) health; body 父母叮嘱我在学校要留意身体。 My parents reminded
25、me of taking care of my body at school. (WRONG) My parents reminded me of taking care of my health at school. (RIGHT) face to/with E.g. No matter how difficult it is, we should face to/with this problem. (WRONG) No matter how difficult it is, we should face (up to) this problem. (RIGHT)E.g. Although
26、 they faced to/with bad weather and shortage of food, the soldiers in the French troops still persevered till the last moment of the battle. (WRONG) Although they were faced with bad weather and shortage of food, the soldiers in the French troops still persevered till the last moment of the battle.
27、(RIGHT) mostE.g. Most my classmates often go to a neighboring university to listen the lecture of a/some Prof. Wang. (WRONG) My most classmates often go to a neighboring university to listen the lecture of a/some Prof. Wang. (WRONG) Most of my classmates often go to a neighboring university to liste
28、n the lecture of a/some Prof. Wang. (RIGHT) put (all) my heart/mind in/into E.g. After entering the university, I made up my mind to put all my heart/mind in my study, ignoring all the other less worthy goals. (UNIDIOMATIC) After entering the university, I made up my mind to focus only on my study (
29、 or “to be bent on my study, or “to study heart and soul), ignoring all the other less worthy goals. (IDIOMATIC) pay attention in/on E.g. He seldom pays any attention in/on the details in his dressing. (WRONG) He seldom pays any attention to the details in his dressing. (RIGHT) past; passedE.g. I pa
30、st the CET 6 last year. (WRONG) I passed the CET 6 last year. (RIGHT) choose; choose from E.g. We have to choose a solution to the current problem. (RIGHT) We have to choose a solution (from all the solutions available) to the current problem. (RIGHT) Many options have been provided for us to choose
31、. (IMPROPER) Many options have been provided for us to choose from. (PROPER) Many options have been provided for us to choose (one) from (the options). (PROPER) the level of my English; my English level E.g. This method of learning can quickly improve the level of my English/my English level). (UNID
32、IOMATIC) This method of learning can quickly improve my English/my English proficiency. (PROPER) most/many of people/studentsE.g. Most/Many of people today have a new way of looking at an age-old social tradition. (IMPROPER) Most/Many people today have a new way of looking at an age-old social tradi
33、tion. (PROPER) Most/Many of the people in the country today have a new way of looking at an age-old social tradition. (PROPER) accompany with E.g. Would you like me to accompany with you home since you, a young lady, are all alone on the street at this time of the night? (WRONG) Would you like me to
34、 accompany you home since you, a young lady, are all alone on the street at this time of the night? (RIGHT) the last but not the least E.g. The last but not the least, I think we should protect our natural environment from excessive human activities. (WRONG) Last but not least, I think we should pro
35、tect our natural environment from excessive human activities. (RIGHT) In the eyes of me/him/her/them E.g. In the eyes of me, their way of treating the problem may be too simple but inefficient. (UNIDIOMATIC) In my eyes, their way of treating the problem may be too simple but inefficient. (IDIOMATIC)
36、 21. listen music/the radioE.g. Im fond of listening music in my spare time. (WRONG) Im fond of listening to music in my spare time. (RIGHT) 22. contact with E.g., I tried to contact with Mr. Jersey by phone that day but failed to reach him. (WRONG) I tried to contact Mr. Jersey by phone that day bu
37、t failed to reach him. (RIGHT) 23. equal to E.g. Smoking frequently and regularly equals to killing oneself. (WRONG) Smoking frequently and regularly equals killing oneself. (RIGHT) Smoking frequently and regularly is equal to killing oneself. (RIGHT) 24. in another word E.g. I have never involved m
38、yself in this incident. In another word, it is no fault of mine at all. (WRONG) I have never involved myself in this incident. In other words, it is no fault of mine at all. (RIGHT) 25. affect vs. effectE.g. It is rarely known that smoking also effects the stomach. (WRONG) It is rarely known that sm
39、oking also affects the stomach. (RIGHT) 26. open computer, TV set, lights E.g., When I opened my computer/TV set, nothing flashed on the screen. (IMPROPER) When I turned on my computer/TV set, nothing flashed on the screen. (PROPER)27. As a Chinese, we should E.g., As a Chinese, we should feel proud
40、 of these heroes of our nation. (IMPROPER) As Chinese, we should feel proud of these heroes of our nation. (PROPER) As a Chinese, I/he/she should feel proud of these heroes of our nation. (PROPER)28. As the development of E.g., As the development of science and technology, our lives become more and
41、more convenient. (UNGRAMMATICAL) With the development of science and technology, our lives become more and more convenient. (GRAMMATICAL)II. Errors on the Sentence-Level because so although but e.g. Because I was nervous at that time, so I couldnt even say a word. (WRONG) Because I was nervous at th
42、at time, I couldnt even say a word. (RIGHT) I was nervous at that time, so I couldnt even say a word. (RIGHT) Although the clothes has been my hearts desire for a long time, but I couldnt afford it for its price. (WRONG) Although the clothes has been my hearts desire for a long time, I couldnt affor
43、d it for its price. (RIGHT) The clothes has been my hearts desire for a long time, but I couldnt afford it for its price. (RIGHT) both not all not every not everyone/everything not always not; not all the time not for ever 他们两个人都不是学生。 Both of them are not students. IMPROPER) Neither of them is a stu
44、dent. (RIGHT) Either of them is not a student. (RIGHT) 一切/每个学生都没有带课本。 All the students didnt take their course books with them. (IMPROPER) Every student didnt take his course book with him. (IMPROPER) None/No one of the students took their/his course books with them/him. (RIGHT) Any of the students
45、didnt take his course book with him. (RIGHT) 他总是不能按时完成作业。 He always cant finish his work on time. (WRONG) He cant finish his work on time all the time. (WRONG) He can never finish his work on time. (RIGHT) 汤姆森永姆森永远都不都不记得最后一个回到家要得最后一个回到家要锁上上门。 Thompson didnt remember for ever to lock the door when he
46、 was the last one in. (WRONG) Thompson never remembered to lock the door when he was the last one in. (RIGHT) think notE.g. I think/believe that he is not the best man for the job. (UNGRAMMATICAL) I dont think/believe that he is the best man for the job. (RIGHT) tell/teach me how to do小时候父亲常通知/教我该如何
47、/怎样做。When I was in my childhood, Father used to tell/teach me how to do. (WRONG)When I was in my childhood, Father used to tell/teach me what to do. (RIGHT)When I was in my childhood, Father used to tell/teach me how to behave myself. (REALLY RIGHT) prep.介词+ clause句子E.g. Despite/In spite of the weat
48、her was very terribly hot, the explorers still pushed ahead their journey into the desert. (WRONG) Despite/In spite of the fact that the weather was very terribly hot, the explorers still pushed ahead their journey into the desert. (RIGHT) Due to my computer broke down, I couldnt complete the task b
49、efore the deadline. (WRONG) Due to the fact that my computer broke down, I couldnt complete the task before the deadline. (RIGHT) Im afraid of their plan wont succeed. (WRONG) Im afraid that their plan wont succeed. (RIGHT) price cheap/expensive The prices of the shoes are usually cheaper in this sh
50、op so that I often come here to buy those shoes I like. (IMPROPER) The prices of the shoes are usually lower in this shop so that I often come here to buy those shoes I like. (RIGHT) The price of this cartoon series is too expensive for me to buy. (WRONG) The price of this cartoon series is too high
51、 for me to buy. (RIGHT) speed fast/slowE.g. The speed of my motorbike at that time was so fast that I found it just out of my control. (UNIDIOMATIC) The speed of my motorbike at that time was so great/high that I found it just out of my control. (PROPER) The speed of their work was too slow for them
52、 to finish the task before the deadline. (UNIDIOMATIC) The speed of their work progress was too low for them to finish the task before the deadline. (PROPER) more than 比较对称问题E.g. My schools campus is bigger than your school. (WRONG) My schools campus is bigger than your schools. (RIGHT) I love Jenny
53、 more than you. (AMBIGUOUS) I love Jenny more than you do. I love Jenny more than I do you. what用作定语从句的引导词e.g. Freedom means I can do anything what I want to. (WRONG) Freedom means I can do anything (that) I want to. (RIGHT) On my birthday this year, my roommates gave me a gift what surprised me. (W
54、RONG) On my birthday this year, my roommates gave me a gift that/which surprised me. (RIGHT) When Tom got to school E.g. When Tom got to school, he found the class already begun. (IMPROPER) When he got to school, Tom found the class already begun. (PROPER) C.f. Tom found the class already begun when
55、 he got to school. Before Kitty could know what happened, she was knocked over by the robbers. (IMPROPER) Before she could know what happened, Kitty was knocked over by the robbers. (PROPER) Ive left/begun/gone to for E.g. I have left my hometown for almost ten years till now. (WRONG) I have been aw
56、ay from my hometown for ten years. (RIGHT) I hurried to the cinema only to find that the movie had started for thirty minutes. (WRONG) I hurried to the cinema only to find that the movie had been on for thirty minutes. (RIGHT) They have gone to/reached Shanghai for a week. (WRONG) They have gone to/
57、reached Shanghai and been there for a week. (RIGHT) Martin has finished his task for several hours. (WRONG) Martin finished his task several hours ago. (RIGHT) The task has been done by Martin for several hours. (RIGHT) our university students 我们大学生E.g., I think that our university students should d
58、evelop a good habit of learning. (IMPROPER) I think that we university students should develop a good habit of learning. (PROPER) 父母每天应该多花些时间关怀我们这父母每天应该多花些时间关怀我们这些孩子。些孩子。 Parents should spend more time every day paying attention to our children. (WRONG) Parents should spend more time every day payin
59、g attention to us children. (RIGHT) my mother, she E.g. My mother, she has to get up every early so as to catch the bus to go to work. (WRONG) My mother has to get up every early so as to catch the bus to go to work. (RIGHT) make can ; make cant E.g. The long free hours in the holiday makes him/he c
60、an do whatever he likes to. (WRONG) The long free hours in the holiday enables him to do whatever he likes to. (RIGHT) The poor conditions in the workshop make the workers cant concentrate on their work. (WRONG) The poor conditions in the workshop prevent the workers from concentrating on their work
61、. (RIGHT) send a gift; give a giftE.g., This years Easter, my high school friend Karl sent/gave me a present from Vancouver where he was learning math in a local college. (RIGHT) Some of her friends in the class sent her birthday gifts when she came to school that day. (WRONG) Some of her friends in
62、 the class gave her birthday gifts when she came to school that day. (RIGHT) 介词短语用作动词E.g. They used the newly invented tools to instead of those old ones. (WRONG) They used the newly invented tools to replace those old ones. (RIGHT) They used the newly invented tools instead of those old ones. (RIGH
63、T) The peasants in spite of/despite the hot weather and worked in their fields in the mid-summer sun. (WRONG) In spite of/Despite the hot weather, the peasants worked in their fields in the mid-summer sun. (RIGHT) 动词短语直接作主语E.g. Work harder than his workmates gave him more chance of promotion. (WRONG
64、) Working harder than his workmates gave him more chance of promotion. (RIGHT) Run every morning helps strengthen his health. (WRONG) Running every morning helps strengthen his health. (RIGHT) . 句子直接做主语E.g. I was late for class was because of a traffic jam on my way to school. (WRONG) That I was lat
65、e for class was because of a traffic jam on my way to school. (RIGHT) My being late for class was because of a traffic jam on my way to school. (RIGHT) A child can do very well in mental calculating in his or her childhood does not mean that he or she can learn math well when he or she grows up. (WR
66、ONG) That a child can do very well in mental calculating in his or her childhood does not mean that he or she can learn math well when he or she grows up. (RIGHT) do whatever I like E.g. Freedom means that I can do whatever I like. (UNIDIOMATIC) Freedom means that I can do whatever I like to. (PROPE
67、R) Freedom means that I can do whatever I like to (do). (PROPER) Dangling Modifiers模糊修饰E.g. Compared with speaking, I am more interested in writing. (IMPROPER) Compared with speaking, writing is what I am more interested in.Catching fire all of a sudden, I saw the wood cabin burnt down in a matter o
68、f a dozen of minutes. (IMROPER)I saw the wood cabin catch fire all of a sudden and burnt down in a matter of a dozen of minutes. (PROPER) The wood cabin catching fire all of a sudden, I saw it burnt down in a matter of a dozen of minutes. (PROPER) 定语从句引导词缺失E.g. People work in computer science know h
69、ow to use the keyboard to write something. (UNGRAMMATICAL)People who work in computer science know how to use the keyboard to write something. (RIGHT)The pair of eyeglasses were chosen by me was already booked by someone else. (UNGRAMMATICAL) The pair of eyeglasses that/which were chosen by me was a
70、lready booked by someone else. (RIGHT) The pair of eyeglasses chosen by me was already booked by someone else. (RIGHT) 21. the same as I have the same situation with you. (MISLEADING) My situation is the same as you. (MISLEADING) I have the same situation as yours. (RIGHT) My situation is the same a
71、s yours. (RIGHT)22. suggest me to do/suggest me that E.g. James suggested me to take the medicine. (UNGRAMMATICAL) James suggested me taking the medicine. (RIGHT) James suggested that I take the medicine. (RIGHT) Cooper suggested me that I brush up my French before going to Cannes. (UNGRAMMATICAL) C
72、ooper suggested that I brush up my French before going to Cannes. (RIGHT) Cooper suggest me brushing up my French before going to Cannes. (RIGHT)23. Only do I E.g., Only the right method is adopted can the problem be solved easily. (WRONG) Only if/when the right method is adopted can the problem be
73、solved easily. (RIGHT) 24. 哪几门，哪几个 他这学期选了哪几门课？E.g., Which courses are you taking this semester? (IMPROPER) What courses are you taking this semester? (RIGHT) 这款相机有哪些优点？ Which strong points does this model of camera have? (IMPROPER) What strong points does this model of camera have? (RIGHT) In which months (of the year) do you work outside the country? (PROPER) Which chapters in the book do you think most interesting? (PROPER) Which students in the class do not attend the military training? (PROPER)To be continued But I wish not.
