《初中英语五种时态》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语五种时态（32页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、初中英语八种时态 n n一、一般现在时一、一般现在时(simple present tense)n n1.形式形式一般现在时通常用动词原形来表示。be动词用am、is、are。主语是第三人称单数时动词的变化规律:一般动词后加-s；以s、x、ch、sh结尾，加-es；以辅音字母加o结尾，一般加-es；辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加-es。n n2 2用法用法用法用法 n n a.a.表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为，常与时间表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为，常与时间状语状语oftenoften， usuallyusually，alwaysalways，everydayeveryday，
2、sometimessometimes， seldomseldom，nevernever等连用。等连用。 n nIneverdomyhomeworkintheevening.Ineverdomyhomeworkintheevening.n nSometimesweplayfootballontheplayground.Sometimesweplayfootballontheplayground.n nHeseldomlistenstomusic.Heseldomlistenstomusic.b.b.表示现在的事实或状态。表示现在的事实或状态。 n nChinaisadevelopingcount
3、ry.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.n nIlikeEnglishverymuch.IlikeEnglishverymuch.c.c.表示格言，科学事实和客观真理。表示格言，科学事实和客观真理。PridePridegoes goes beforeafall.beforeafall.骄者必败。骄者必败。 n nAllthingsAllthings are aredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.difficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事总是由难而凡事总是由难而易。易。n nShanghaiShanghailiesliesintheeast
4、ofChina.intheeastofChina.上海位于中国东部。上海位于中国东部。n nTheteacherTheteacher told toldusyesterdaythatDecember25usyesterdaythatDecember25 is isChristmasChristmasDay.Day.n n3. 3.句式句式句式句式n n肯定肯定否定否定疑问疑问回答回答n nHelikeseggs.Hedoesntlikeeggs.DoeshelikeHelikeseggs.Hedoesntlikeeggs.Doeshelikeeggs?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoes
5、nt.eggs?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.n nIwantanapple.Idontwantanapple.DoyouwantIwantanapple.Idontwantanapple.Doyouwantanapple?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.anapple?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.n n4.4.做题时常见错误如下：做题时常见错误如下：n n一、一、bebe动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中n n例：例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.We are plant (plant
6、) the trees in spring.n n二、单三人称形式易出错二、单三人称形式易出错n n例：例：1.1. He plays (play) football very well. 2. Danny goes (go) to school at 7:10.He plays (play) football very well. 2. Danny goes (go) to school at 7:10.n n三、在句式变换时易出错三、在句式变换时易出错n n例：例：1. Does Jenny has (has) a good friend? 2. Brian doesnt lives (n
7、ot live) in 1. Does Jenny has (has) a good friend? 2. Brian doesnt lives (not live) in China.China.n n四、对四、对dodo的理解易出错的理解易出错n n例：例：We dont (not do) our homework in the afternoon.We dont (not do) our homework in the afternoon.n n五、对主语的数判断有误五、对主语的数判断有误n n例：例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. Li Mi
8、ng with me are (be) in Beijing. n n另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。现在时。n n5.5.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟n n（20092009东城区一模）东城区一模）东城区一模）东城区一模）Mary_thepianowell.SheisoftenaskedtoplayMary_thepianowe
9、ll.Sheisoftenaskedtoplayattheconcert.A.playB.playsC.playingD.playedattheconcert.A.playB.playsC.playingD.playedn n(2009(2009海淀区一模）海淀区一模）海淀区一模）海淀区一模）Mymotherwilltakemetothemovieifshe_freeMymotherwilltakemetothemovieifshe_freethisweekend.A.isB.willbeC.wasD.wouldbethisweekend.A.isB.willbeC.wasD.wouldben
10、 n(2009(2009崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模) )Thegirlswillhaveatripifit_fine.Thegirlswillhaveatripifit_fine.n nA.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeenA.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeenn n(2008(2008北京北京北京北京) )Hellsendusamessageassoonashe_inSichuan.Hellsendusamessageassoonashe_inSichuan.n nA.isarrivingB.willarriveC.arrivedD.arrivesA
11、.isarrivingB.willarriveC.arrivedD.arrivesn n（20072007武汉）武汉）武汉）武汉）Whatdoyoudo?Whatdoyoudo?n nImanengineer.I_inacompanyinWuhan.Ilikemyjobverymuch.Imanengineer.I_inacompanyinWuhan.Ilikemyjobverymuch.n nA.workB.hadworkedC.willworkD.workedA.workB.hadworkedC.willworkD.workedn n(2006(2006武汉武汉武汉武汉) )Isyourf
12、atheradoctor?Isyourfatheradoctor?n nYes,heis.He_inTownHospital.Yes,heis.He_inTownHospital.n nA.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.worksD.workedA.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.worksD.workedn n(2006(2006陕西陕西陕西陕西) )Everyyearmanyforeigners_toChinatolearnChinese.Everyyearmanyforeigners_toChinatolearnChinese.n nA.havecomeB.co
13、mesC.cameD.comeA.havecomeB.comesC.cameD.comen n二、现在进行时二、现在进行时( present continuous tense)1构成构成be（am/is/are）+动词的现在分词n n2 2用法用法用法用法 n n a.a.表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。Heiseatinganicecream.Heiseatinganicecream.他正在吃冰激凌。他正在吃冰激凌。n nLetswait.Thechildrenarecrossingthestreet.Letswait.Thechildrenarecrossing
14、thestreet.n nb.b.表示当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一表示当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一定正在进行）。定正在进行）。Weareworkingonafarmthesedays?Weareworkingonafarmthesedays?这些天我们在一个农场干活。这些天我们在一个农场干活。 c.c.表示位置移动或趋向的词，如表示位置移动或趋向的词，如gogo，come,startcome,start，leave,arrive,moveleave,arrive,move等等常用进行时表将来。常用进行时表将来。HeHeis leavingis
15、 leavingforShanghaitomorrow.forShanghaitomorrow.Im comingIm coming!What!What sthescorenow?sthescorenow?我就来！现在比分是多少？我就来！现在比分是多少？n nWearemovingtoabighousenextmonth.Wearemovingtoabighousenextmonth.下个月我们将搬到一所大房子下个月我们将搬到一所大房子里。里。n nd.d.与与always,constantly,foreveralways,constantly,forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续
16、等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。Youarealwayschangingyourmind.Youarealwayschangingyourmind.n n3. 3.现在分词的构成规则现在分词的构成规则现在分词的构成规则现在分词的构成规则n n1 1）一般情况，）一般情况， 在动词后加在动词后加inging，例词，例词work-work-workingworking，study-studyingstudy-studying，go-goinggo-going2 2）以不发音的）以不发音的e e结尾，去结尾，去e e再加再
17、加-ing-ing，例词，例词have-have-havinghaving，live-livinglive-living，take-takingtake-takingn n3 3）重读闭音节，只有一个辅音字母结尾，双写该）重读闭音节，只有一个辅音字母结尾，双写该辅音字母，再加辅音字母，再加-ing-ing，n n例词例词cut-cuttingstop-stoppingcut-cuttingstop-stopping，forget-forgettingforget-forgetting，begin-beginningbegin-beginningn n4 4）以）以ie ie结尾，变结尾，变ie
18、 ie为为y y再加再加-ing-ing，例词，例词die-dyingdie-dying，lie-lyinglie-lying，tie-tyingtie-tyingn n4. 4. 形式形式形式形式肯定句否定句疑问句肯定句否定句疑问句 简要回答简要回答Iamstudying.Iamstudying.Iamnotstudying.Iamnotstudying.AmIstudying?AmIstudying? YesYes，Iam/NoIam/No，Iamnot.Iamnot.n n5. 5. 一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时和现在进行
19、时的区别(1)(1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，现一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，现在进行时表示正在发生的行为。在进行时表示正在发生的行为。n na.Heiscleaninghisroomnow.a.Heiscleaninghisroomnow.他在打扫房间。他在打扫房间。n nHecleanshisroomeveryday.Hecleanshisroomeveryday.他每天都要打扫房间。他每天都要打扫房间。n nb.TheyarevisitingChina.b.TheyarevisitingChina.他们正在中国观光。他们正在中国观光。n nTheyoftencometoC
20、hinaforavisit.TheyoftencometoChinaforavisit.他们经常来中他们经常来中国观光。国观光。n n(2)(2)一般现在时表示现在的状态。一般现在时表示现在的状态。n nHelikesHelikesjiaozijiaozi.Theyhavealotoffriends.Theyhavealotoffriendsn n考例：考例：Mr.Smith_shortstories,buthe_aTVplaythesedays.Mr.Smith_shortstories,buthe_aTVplaythesedays.n nA.iswritingiswritingB.iswr
21、itingwritesA.iswritingiswritingB.iswritingwritesn nC.writesiswritingD.writeswritesC.writesiswritingD.writeswritesn n6.6.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟n n(2009(2009崇文区二模崇文区二模崇文区二模崇文区二模) )Dontturnofftheradio.I_tothenews.Dontturnofftheradio.I_tothenews.n nA.listenB.havelistenedC.listenedD.amlisteningA.li
22、stenB.havelistenedC.listenedD.amlisteningn n(2009(2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模) )HaveyouseenMr.Smith?HaveyouseenMr.Smith?n nYes.Look,he_hisbikeoverthere.Yes.Look,he_hisbikeoverthere.n nA.cleansB.cleanedC.iscleaningD.hascleanedA.cleansB.cleanedC.iscleaningD.hascleanedn n(2009(2009海淀区一模海淀区一模海淀区一模海淀区一模) )W
23、heresSusan,Mike?WheresSusan,Mike?n nShe_inthekitchen.She_inthekitchen.n nA.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.hascookedA.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.hascookedn n(2009(2009西城区一模西城区一模西城区一模西城区一模) )Haveyougotajoboffer?Haveyougotajoboffer?n nNotyet.I_.Notyet.I_.n nA.waitedB.amwaitingC.waitD.waswaitingA.waitedB.amwa
24、itingC.waitD.waswaitingn n(2009(2009宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模) )DoyouthinkJohnwillhelpmemovethepiano?DoyouthinkJohnwillhelpmemovethepiano?n nYoudbetternotaskhim.He_acomposition.Youdbetternotaskhim.He_acomposition.n nA.writeB.writesC.iswritingD.wroteA.writeB.writesC.iswritingD.wroten n(2009(2009崇文区一模崇文区一模
25、崇文区一模崇文区一模) )Wheresthechildren,MrBlack?Wheresthechildren,MrBlack?n nOh,they_theirPElessonontheplayground.Oh,they_theirPElessonontheplayground.n nA.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.havehadA.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.havehadn n（20082008北京）北京）北京）北京）DontturnontheTV.Grandma_now.DontturnontheTV.Grandma_now.n nA.issleepi
26、ngB.willsleepC.sleptD.sleepsA.issleepingB.willsleepC.sleptD.sleepsn n(2007(2007北京北京北京北京) )Whatareyoudoing,Cathy?Whatareyoudoing,Cathy?n nIm_mycat.Icantfindit.Im_mycat.Icantfindit.n nA.lookingforB.lookingatC.lookingupD.lookingafterA.lookingforB.lookingatC.lookingupD.lookingaftern n（20062006北京）北京）北京）北
27、京）Whatsyourbrotherdoinginhisroomnow?Whatsyourbrotherdoinginhisroomnow?n nHe_akite.He_akite.n nA.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.willmakeA.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.willmaken n(2005(2005北京北京北京北京) )-WhereisFranknow?-WhereisFranknow?n n-He_hisbikeintheyard.-He_hisbikeintheyard.n nA.fixesupB.fixingupC.isfixingupD.f
28、ixedA.fixesupB.fixingupC.isfixingupD.fixedn n（20082008辽宁）辽宁）辽宁）辽宁）Mary,couldyouhelpme?Mary,couldyouhelpme?n nWaitamoment.I_.Waitamoment.I_.n nA.readabookB.didmyhomeworkC.waswatchingTVD.amcookingdinnerA.readabookB.didmyhomeworkC.waswatchingTVD.amcookingdinnern n(2007(2007浙江浙江浙江浙江) )ListenListen，who_i
29、ntheroom?who_intheroom?n nLetsgoandsee.Letsgoandsee.n nA.iscryingB.cryingC.cryD.criesA.iscryingB.cryingC.cryD.criesn nThey_about“SupperVoiceGirl”.letsjointhem.They_about“SupperVoiceGirl”.letsjointhem.n nA.talkB.aretalkingC.havetalkedD.talkedA.talkB.aretalkingC.havetalkedD.talkedn n(2006(2006山东威海山东威海
30、山东威海山东威海) )Areyouababy-sisterhere?Areyouababy-sisterhere?n nNo.I_afterthebabyinsteadofMsGreen.SheisawayforNo.I_afterthebabyinsteadofMsGreen.Sheisawayforshopping.shopping.n nA.lookB.amlookingC.havelookedD.lookedA.lookB.amlookingC.havelookedD.lookedn n三一般过去时一般过去时(simple past tense)1概念概念一般过去时表示过去某一时刻，某
31、一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。n n2 2构成构成构成构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。bebe的过去式有的过去式有waswas，werewere两种；两种； havehave的过去式是的过去式是hadhad；规则动词的过去式；规则动词的过去式在动词词尾加在动词词尾加-ed-ed，具体构成规则如下：，具体构成规则如下：n n1 1）一般情况，动词后加）一般情况，动词后加eded，例词，例词work-workedwork-worked，clean-clean-cleanedcleaned，play-playedplay-played
32、，wash-washedwash-washedn n2 2）以不发音的）以不发音的e e结尾，结尾，-d-d，例词，例词live-livedlive-lived，move-movedmove-moved，hope-hopedhope-hoped，arrive-arrivedarrive-arrivedn n3 3）以辅音字母）以辅音字母+y+y结尾，变结尾，变y y为为 i i再加再加-ed-ed，例词，例词study-studiedstudy-studied，carry-carriedcarry-carried，cry-criedcry-cried，identify-identifiedid
33、entify-identifiedn n4 4）以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字）以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母加母加-ed-ed，例词，例词plan-plannedplan-plannedstop-stoppedstop-stopped，beg-beggedbeg-begged，grab-grabbedgrab-grabbedn n3 3用法用法用法用法n n(1)(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。如：表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。如：Hewentshoppingwithhisfriendslastweek.Hewentshoppingwithhis
34、friendslastweek.n nTheyarrivedtenminutesago.Theyarrivedtenminutesago.n nHebecameahotelmanagertenyearsago.Hebecameahotelmanagertenyearsago.Didyougototheconcertlastnight?Didyougototheconcertlastnight?n n(2)(2)表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。如：表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。如：Hevisitedhisgrandparentsonceamonthlastyear.Hevisitedh
35、isgrandparentsonceamonthlastyear.n nSheusuallywenttoworkbycarlastyear.Sheusuallywenttoworkbycarlastyear.n nWhenIwasatschool,Ialwayswenttoschoolbybus.WhenIwasatschool,Ialwayswenttoschoolbybus.n n 4 4. .如何识别如何识别如何识别如何识别 一般过去时常见的标志词有：一般过去时常见的标志词有：1 1）.yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday.yesterday,thedaybef
36、oreyesterday.2 2）.lastweek/year/month/term(.lastweek/year/month/term(简称简称lastlast系列系列) )3 3）.twohoursago,threeyearsago,amoment.twohoursago,threeyearsago,amomentago(ago(简称简称agoago系列系列) )4 4）.in/on+.in/on+过去的年过去的年/ /月月/ /日，如日，如 in1999,onin1999,onApril,2005April,20055 5）.justnow,onceuponatime,oneday.ju
37、stnow,onceuponatime,onedayn n5 5. .易错点例析：易错点例析：（1 1）Yourphonenumberagain?I_quitecatchit.Yourphonenumberagain?I_quitecatchit.n nIts4331577Its4331577A.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cantA.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cantn n(2)Mr.Smithisntcomingtonight.(2)Mr.Smithisntcomingtonight.n nButhe_.Buthe_.A.promisesB.promise
38、dC.willpromiseD.hadpromisedA.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised(3)Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!(3)Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!n nOh,Imterriblysorry._.Oh,Imterriblysorry._.A.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingC.IhaventnoticedD.IdontnoticeA.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingC.IhaventnoticedD.Idontnotice(4)Ohi
39、tsyou!I_you.(4)Ohitsyou!I_you.n nIvehadmyhaircut.Ivehadmyhaircut.A.didntrealizeB.haventrealizedC.didntrecognizeD.dontrecognizedA.didntrealizeB.haventrealizedC.didntrecognizeD.dontrecognizedn n(5)Sinceyouveagreedtogo,whyarentyougettingready?(5)Sinceyouveagreedtogo,whyarentyougettingready?n nButI_that
40、youwouldhavemestartatonce.ButI_thatyouwouldhavemestartatonce.A.dontrealizeB.didntrealizeC.hadntrealizedD.haventrealizedA.dontrealizeB.didntrealizeC.hadntrealizedD.haventrealized(6)Itstwelveoclock,IthinkImustbeoffnow.(6)Itstwelveoclock,IthinkImustbeoffnow.n nOh,really?I_itatall.Oh,really?I_itatall.A.
41、dontrealizeB.haventrealizedC.didntrealizeD.hadntrealizedA.dontrealizeB.haventrealizedC.didntrealizeD.hadntrealizedKeyKey：ABBCBCABBCBCn n 6. 6.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟n n(2009(2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模) )Hewentintohisroom,_thelightandbegantowork.Hewentintohisroom,_thelightandbegantowork.n nA.hastu
42、rnedonB.willturnonC.turnsonD.turnedonA.hasturnedonB.willturnonC.turnsonD.turnedonn n(2009(2009海淀一模海淀一模海淀一模海淀一模) )WhatsthebestfoodhaveyouhadinBeijing,Alex?WhatsthebestfoodhaveyouhadinBeijing,Alex?n nRoastduck!I_toafamousrestauranttohaveitlastweek.Roastduck!I_toafamousrestauranttohaveitlastweek.n nA.h
43、avegoneB.goC.willgoD.wentA.havegoneB.goC.willgoD.wentn n(2009(2009宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模) )Doyouknowhowmanygoldmedalsthe23-year-oldMichaelPhelpsDoyouknowhowmanygoldmedalsthe23-year-oldMichaelPhelps_atthe2008SummerOlympicGames?_atthe2008SummerOlympicGames?n nEight.Eight.n nA.winB.winsC.wonD.haswonA.win
44、B.winsC.wonD.haswonn n(2008(2008北京北京北京北京) )WewereinQingdaolastweekand_greatfunthere.WewereinQingdaolastweekand_greatfunthere.n nA.willhaveB.havehadC.hadD.haveA.willhaveB.havehadC.hadD.haven n(2007(2007北京北京北京北京) )Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?n nI_basketballwithmyf
45、riends.I_basketballwithmyfriends.n nA.playB.playedC.willplayD.amplayingA.playB.playedC.willplayD.amplayingn n（20052005北京）北京）北京）北京）-Hi,Kate.Youlooktired.Whatsthematter?-Hi,Kate.Youlooktired.Whatsthematter?n n-I_welllastnight.-I_welllastnight.n nA.didntsleepB.dontsleepC.haventsleptD.wontsleepA.didntsl
46、eepB.dontsleepC.haventsleptD.wontsleepn n(2008(2008四川泸州四川泸州四川泸州四川泸州) )YesterdayYesterday，Tonysfamily_agoodtime.Tonysfamily_agoodtime.n nA.hasB.haveC.hadA.hasB.haveC.hadn n（20072007湖南湘潭）湖南湘潭）湖南湘潭）湖南湘潭）Imsorryyouvemissedthetrain.It_10minutesago.Imsorryyouvemissedthetrain.It_10minutesago.n nA.leftB.has
47、leftC.hadleftA.leftB.hasleftC.hadleftn n(2007(2007福州福州福州福州) )MrGreen,_you_ThreeLanesandMrGreen,_you_ThreeLanesandAlleysAlleys（三坊七巷）（三坊七巷）lastSunday?lastSunday?n nNo,butIllvisitthemnextweek.No,butIllvisitthemnextweek.n nA.will;gotoB.have;beentoC.did;gotoD.have;gonetoA.will;gotoB.have;beentoC.did;goto
48、D.have;goneton n(2007(2007浙江浙江浙江浙江) )Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?n nHe_usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.He_usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.n nA.tellsB.toldC.hastoldD.istoldA.tellsB.toldC.hastoldD.istoldn n(2007(2007江西江西江西江西) )Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive.Inventorshavecha
49、ngedthewaywelive.n nSotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_.Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_.n nA.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddoneA.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddonen n(06(06江西江西江西江西) )WheresthecakeImadethismorning?WheresthecakeImadethismorning?n nWe_it,mum.Canyoumakeanotheroneforus?We_it,mum.Canyoumakeanothe
50、roneforus?n nA.ateB.eatC.willitD.wereeatingA.ateB.eatC.willitD.wereeatingn n(2006(2006天津天津天津天津) )HaveyoumendedyourshoesHaveyoumendedyourshoes，Bob?Bob?n nYesYes，I_themtwentyminutesagoI_themtwentyminutesagon nAAhavemendedBhavemendedBmendCmendChadmendedDhadmendedDmendedmendedn n(2006(2006威海威海威海威海) )The
51、officewasbrokenintolastnightTheofficewasbrokenintolastnightSomeonethinksSomeonethinksyoudidityoudiditn nButI_thewholenightwithmybestfriendButI_thewholenightwithmybestfriend，JohnJohnn n A AspendBspendBamspendingCamspendingCspentDspentDhadspenthadspentn n四一般将来时（四一般将来时（the future tense）n n用法：用法：表示将来某一时
52、间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。Iamgoingto/willwatchafootballmatchthisevening.n n形式：形式：形式：形式：（1 1）“ “begoingto/begoingto/助动词助动词will/beto+will/beto+动词原形动词原形” ”，主语是，主语是I I、wewe时，助动词也可用时，助动词也可用shall.begoingtodoshall.begoingtodo表表示根据计划或安排将要做某事，也可表示根据目前情况示根据计划或安排将要做某事，也可表示根据目前情况判断很有可能但不是注定会发生某事；判断很有可能但不是注定
53、会发生某事；will/shalldowill/shalldo表示表示根据计划或安排将要做某事，也可以表示不以人的意志根据计划或安排将要做某事，也可以表示不以人的意志为转移的客观规律，为转移的客观规律，betodobetodo表示根据计划或安排将要做表示根据计划或安排将要做某事，也可以表示征求对方意见，还可以表示必要性或某事，也可以表示征求对方意见，还可以表示必要性或可能性。可能性。n nEg.Hewillgotohishometownnextweek.Eg.Hewillgotohishometownnextweek.n nTheyaregoingtomeetoutsidetheschoolga
54、te.Theyaregoingtomeetoutsidetheschoolgate.n n(2)come(2)come，go,start,move,sail,leavego,start,move,sail,leave等非延续性动词常用等非延续性动词常用进行时表示按计划将要发生的事。进行时表示按计划将要发生的事。n nEg.Thewholefamilyisgoingfortwoweeks.Eg.Thewholefamilyisgoingfortwoweeks.全家要去两个全家要去两个星期。星期。n nMysisteriscomingtoseeme.Shellbeheresoon.Mysister
55、iscomingtoseeme.Shellbeheresoon.n n（3 3）在时间或条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替）在时间或条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。一般将来时。n nEg.Illgotoseeyouifitdoesntraintomorrow.Eg.Illgotoseeyouifitdoesntraintomorrow.n n常用的时间状语：常用的时间状语：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nexttime,“in+一般时间”,fromnowon,later(on),soon等。 n n中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模
56、拟n n(2009(2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模) ) I_tothebookshopassoonasschoolisoverI_tothebookshopassoonasschoolisoverthisafternoon.thisafternoon.n nA.willgoB.havegoneC.goD.wentA.willgoB.havegoneC.goD.wentn n(2009(2009西城区一模西城区一模西城区一模西城区一模) )When_forHongKong,doWhen_forHongKong,doyouknow?youknow?n nImnotsure.Wh
57、enhe_,Illletyouknow.Imnotsure.Whenhe_,Illletyouknow.n nA.heleaves;leavesB.willheleave;willleaveC.heleaves;willA.heleaves;leavesB.willheleave;willleaveC.heleaves;willleaveD.willheleave;leavesleaveD.willheleave;leavesn n(2009(2009崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模) )WherewilltheygonextSunday?WherewilltheygonextSund
58、ay?n nThey_totheGreatWall.They_totheGreatWall.n nA.willgoB.goC.hasgoneD.wentA.willgoB.goC.hasgoneD.wentn n(2007(2007北京北京北京北京) )I_theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow.I_theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow.n nA.willreturnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.returnA.willreturnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.returnn n（20052005北京）北
59、京）北京）北京）Frank_afilmifhesfreenextSaturday.Frank_afilmifhesfreenextSaturday.n nA.seeB.sawC.hasseenD.willseeA.seeB.sawC.hasseenD.willseen nIwanttoknow_thedayaftertomorrow.Iwanttoknow_thedayaftertomorrow.n nA.whathewilldoB.whatwillhedoC.whathedidD.whatdidA.whathewilldoB.whatwillhedoC.whathedidD.whatdidh
60、edohedo n n（20082008襄樊）襄樊）襄樊）襄樊）Hashereturnedthelibrarybookyet?Hashereturnedthelibrarybookyet?n nNotyet.Dontworry.He_itsoon.Notyet.Dontworry.He_itsoon.n nA.returnedB.hasreturnedC.willreturnD.returnsA.returnedB.hasreturnedC.willreturnD.returnsn n (2007 (2007河南河南河南河南) )Lookatthenoisykids!Lookatthenois
61、ykids!n nHaventyouheardthesaying“Whenthecatisaway,themiceHaventyouheardthesaying“Whenthecatisaway,themice_.”?_.”?n nA.playB.playedC.areplayingD.willplayA.playB.playedC.areplayingD.willplayn n(2006(2006厦门厦门厦门厦门) )Hedoesnttellmewhenhe_.IllcallyouupassoonHedoesnttellmewhenhe_.Illcallyouupassoonashe_.as
62、he_.n nA.willcome,arrivesB.comes,arrivesC.willcome,willarriveA.willcome,arrivesB.comes,arrivesC.willcome,willarriven n(2006(2006常德常德常德常德) )Ifit_tomorrow,we_traveloutside.Ifit_tomorrow,we_traveloutside.n nA.willrain;willB.rains;wontC.willrain;wontA.willrain;willB.rains;wontC.willrain;wontn n(2006(200
63、6江西江西江西江西) )Jim,canyouhelpmetowashthedishes?Jim,canyouhelpmetowashthedishes?n nSorry,Dad.I_totheshop.Sorry,Dad.I_totheshop.n nA.goB.wentC.amgoingD.havebeenA.goB.wentC.amgoingD.havebeenn n(2008(2008广东广东广东广东) )Ihearthathewillbeback_twoweekstime.Ihearthathewillbeback_twoweekstime.n nA.atB.inC.afterD.fo
64、rA.atB.inC.afterD.forn n五、五、现在完成时现在完成时( Present Perfect Tense),n n现在完成时是初中英语中最重要也最难掌握的一个时态，同时也是中考英语中一个最重要的时态考点.n n基本构成基本构成“have/has+过去分词”其中have/has为助动词，构成疑问句时，可将其提前；构成否定句时，可直接在其后加not.助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。n n2 2、主要用法、主要用法、主要用法、主要用法n n现在完成时主要有两种用法，一种是已完成用法，也叫影响性用法；现在完成时
65、主要有两种用法，一种是已完成用法，也叫影响性用法；另一种是未完成用法，也叫持续性用法。两种用法的特点是：另一种是未完成用法，也叫持续性用法。两种用法的特点是：n n1)1). .已完成用法（影响性用法）：表示动作发生在已完成用法（影响性用法）：表示动作发生在过去某个不太确定过去某个不太确定过去某个不太确定过去某个不太确定的时间的时间的时间的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果，同时说话者强调或感兴趣，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果，同时说话者强调或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果的就是这个影响或结果. .还可表示刚刚、已经做完某事，曾经或未曾做还可表示刚刚、已经做完某事，曾经或未曾做某事。常与某事。常与
66、already,just,yetalready,just,yet，ever,neverever,never，thepastfewyearsthepastfewyears，beforebefore等等连用连用, ,如：如：n nHasshefoundhercarkeyHasshefoundhercarkey？ 她找到她的车钥匙了吗？（对现在的影响她找到她的车钥匙了吗？（对现在的影响或结果：她能开她的车了吗？）或结果：她能开她的车了吗？）n n-Haveyouhadlunchyet?-Yes,Ihave.Ivejusthadit.-Haveyouhadlunchyet?-Yes,Ihave.Ive
67、justhadit.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）n nAstronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.宇航员已经去过月球了。宇航员已经去过月球了。n nIhaventreadyournovelyet.Ihaventreadyournovelyet.我还没有读你的小说。我还没有读你的小说。n nHehasneverdrivenacarbefore.Hehasneverdrivenacarbefore.他过去从未开过车。他过去从未开过
68、车。n nHaveyoueverbeenateacherHaveyoueverbeenateacher？ 你当过教师吗？你当过教师吗？n nOurhometownhaschangedalotinOurhometownhaschangedalotinthe past few yearsthe past few years. .我们家乡在过去我们家乡在过去的几年里变化很大。的几年里变化很大。n n 2). 2). 未完成用法（持续性用法）：该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发未完成用法（持续性用法）：该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去生的动作
69、并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去（也可能到此结束）。常有下列标志：（也可能到此结束）。常有下列标志：for+for+时间段时间段时间段时间段（tenyears,alongtenyears,alongtimetime等）；等）；since+since+时间点时间点时间点时间点（twooclock,August2003,twooclock,August2003,等）等）；recentlyrecently，so so far, up to nowfar, up to now等。如：等。如：n nHowhaveyoubeenHowhaveyoubeen？ 你近来怎样？你近来怎样？
70、n nShehasbeenateacherfor20years.Shehasbeenateacherfor20years.她已当了她已当了2020年的老师。年的老师。n nHowlonghaveyoubeeninShanghaiHowlonghaveyoubeeninShanghai？ 你在上海已经多久了？你在上海已经多久了？n nIhaventseenhersincelastweek.Ihaventseenhersincelastweek.自上周以来我一直未见过她。自上周以来我一直未见过她。n nImethimin1975andhaventseenhimsincethen.1975Imeth
71、imin1975andhaventseenhimsincethen.1975年我见过他，但年我见过他，但自那以后就一直未见到他。自那以后就一直未见到他。n n n n注：注：1. 1.除以上用法外，现在完成时还可表示过去的重复动作甚至将来除以上用法外，现在完成时还可表示过去的重复动作甚至将来动作。如：动作。如：n nHehasalwaysgonetoworkbybike.Hehasalwaysgonetoworkbybike.他总是骑自行车上班。他总是骑自行车上班。n nIllgotobedwhenIvefinishedmyhomework.IllgotobedwhenIvefinishedm
72、yhomework.我做完作业后就上床睡觉。我做完作业后就上床睡觉。n n2. 2.表示时间长度时，通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时。如：表示时间长度时，通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时。如：n nItsalongtimesinceImetyoulast.ItsalongtimesinceImetyoulast.好久不见了。好久不见了。n nItsaboutsixmonthssincewearrivedhere.Itsaboutsixmonthssincewearrivedhere.我们到这里大约有半年了。我们到这里大约有半年了。n n、注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别、注意现在完成时与一般过去时
73、的区别、注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别、注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别n n 1 1） 现在完成时的已完成用法很容易与一般过去时相混淆，其区别现在完成时的已完成用法很容易与一般过去时相混淆，其区别是：前者强调对现在的影响和结果，后者不强调这个影响和结果，而是：前者强调对现在的影响和结果，后者不强调这个影响和结果，而是强调这个动作发生的时间是在过去。如：是强调这个动作发生的时间是在过去。如：n nIvelivedherefortenyears.Ivelivedherefortenyears.我在这里住了我在这里住了1010年。（现在仍住这儿）年。（现在仍住这儿）n nIlivedherefo
74、rtenyears.Ilivedherefortenyears.我在这里住过我在这里住过1010年。（现在不住这儿了）年。（现在不住这儿了）n nHashegotupHashegotup？ 他起来了吗？他起来了吗？ （着眼现在情况）（着眼现在情况）n nDidyougetupveryearlyDidyougetupveryearly？ 你起得很早吗？你起得很早吗？ （着眼动作本身）（着眼动作本身）n nIvegotnonewsfromhim.Ivegotnonewsfromhim.我没听到他的消息。（不知道他的情况怎我没听到他的消息。（不知道他的情况怎样）样）n nIgotthenewsfro
75、mJim.IgotthenewsfromJim.这消息我是从吉姆那听来的。（单纯谈论动作）这消息我是从吉姆那听来的。（单纯谈论动作）n n2 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。间状语连用，或无时间状语。 n n一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: : yesterday,lastweekyesterday,lastweek，ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,具体
76、的时具体的时间状语间状语 现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语 for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,always,thefor,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,always,thepastfewyearspastfewyearsn n共同的时间状语共同的时间状语共同的时间状语共同的时间状语: :thismorning,tonight,thisApril,oncethismorning,tonight,this
77、April,once，before,already,recentlybefore,already,recently，latelylately例：例：1.Theteacherwas1.TheteacherwasalreadyalreadyintheroomwhenIarrived.intheroomwhenIarrived.我到的时候，我到的时候，老师已经在屋里了。老师已经在屋里了。n n2.Ihave2.Ihavealreadyalreadywaitedtwoyears.waitedtwoyears.我都等了两年了。我都等了两年了。n n3.Ihaventseenhim3.Ihaventsee
78、nhimrecentlyrecently.我最近没有看到他。我最近没有看到他。n n4.I4.Irecentlyrecentlymovedtothisarea.movedtothisarea.我最近搬到这一带来了。我最近搬到这一带来了。n n5.-Haveyoumethim5.-Haveyoumethim today today?-No,Ihavent.?-No,Ihavent.今天你见过他吗？我今天你见过他吗？我没有。没有。6.Howmanytimeshaveyoubeenthere6.Howmanytimeshaveyoubeentherethis yearthis year?今年你去过那里今年你去过那里多少次？多少次？END
