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1、新课标人教版课件系列高中英语选修选修( (模块）模块）6-6-5.11Period 4 grammar Review the usage of ing form. Examine the sentences beloew and discuss in what way the structures similar to each other and in what way they are differentLooking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.The ing form used as
2、an adverbialHaving experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.Having + past participle (the perfect ingform) to refer to an action that took place before the time expressed by main verb.小结小结-ing 形式的用法形式的用法1. 1. inging 形式作状语形式作状语用法用法例句例句时间时间Walking along the stree
3、t, I met Mary. (= While I was walking along the street.)在街上走的时候，我遇到了玛丽。在街上走的时候，我遇到了玛丽。原因原因Being tired , I stopped to take a rest. (= Because I was tired, .)因为疲倦，我停因为疲倦，我停下来休息。下来休息。条件条件Turning to the left, you will find the schoo. (= If you turn to the left, .)向左向左走，你就会找到那个学校走，你就会找到那个学校让步让步Knowing wh
4、ere I live, he never come to see me .(= Though he knows where Ilive, .)尽管他知道我的住处，但从不来看我。尽管他知道我的住处，但从不来看我。伴随伴随I stood there, waiting for her. (= , and waited for her.)我站在那儿等她。我站在那儿等她。结果结果It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in the area.(= It rained heavily so that it caused severe flooding in t
5、he area.)在这个地方雨下在这个地方雨下的如此大，以至引发了洪灾。的如此大，以至引发了洪灾。2. ing形式的完成式形式的完成式句句型型主主动动Having +p.p. , 主语主语+谓语谓语被被动动(Having been)+p.p. , 主语主语+谓语谓语用法用法ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前动词之前 表示被动可直接用过却分词表示被动可直接用过却分词例句例句Having finished my work, I went home. (= After I had finished my work, .)工作工作做完只后，我就回家了。做完只后，
6、我就回家了。例句例句(Having been) written in haste, the book has some faults. 这本书因仓促写成，所以有些缺这本书因仓促写成，所以有些缺憾。憾。3. 使用使用-ing形式需注意形式需注意的几个问题。的几个问题。分词分词(短语短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与 句子的主语一致。句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独如果不一致，必须用独 立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加 上它的逻辑主语。上它的逻辑主语。 My wife had a long talk with Sally, exp
7、laining why she didnt want the children to play together我妻子与莎莉我妻子与莎莉 谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子 们在一起玩。们在一起玩。(现在分词现在分词explaining是句子是句子 主语主语my wife做的动作，它们之间是主动做的动作，它们之间是主动 关系关系, ,即即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句子的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语的主语my wife 。)The train having gone,we had to wait another day.（the train逻辑主语逻辑
8、主语 + having gone 既为既为独立主格结构独立主格结构）分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或词或 介词，但是分词短语和句子之间介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词不能用并列连词(如如but，and)，因为并因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。句之间可用逗号。例如例如:误误: Having been told many times，but he still couldnt understand it。正正: He was to
9、ld many times, but he still couldnt understand it。或。或 Having been told many times， he still couldnt understand it。- -inging的一般式和完成式现在分词的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该用完在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。例如例如:Opening the drawer，he took out his wallet. (=He opened the d
10、rawer and took out his wallet.)他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。Coming into the room，he put down his bag. (=he came into the room and put down his bag.)他走进房间，放下提包。他走进房间，放下提包。Having brushed his teeth，Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast.布朗先生刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。布朗先生刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。(此句如写成此句如写成:Brushing his teeth, Mr. Brow
11、n came downstairs for breakfast.可能指可能指“边刷牙，边下楼边刷牙，边下楼。) 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上加上 not, never等否定词构成。等否定词构成。例如例如: Not fearing the fire, the childtouched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道怕小孩儿不知道怕 火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。 Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知道怎我不知
12、道怎 样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。 Ex: Rewrite the sentences using the presen or the perfect ing form of the underlined verbs. The first two have done for you .1.When they heard about the volcano they ran down to the village. hearing about the volcano, they ran down to the village.2. After the scientist
13、s had studied the information they predicted that the lava would flow through the village. having studied the information, the scientists predicted that the lava would flow through the village.3. Because I had experienced earthquakes before, I wasnt frightened. Having experienced earthquakes before,
14、 I wasnt frightened. 4. When she woke up in the middle of the night she saw her room was as light as day. waking up in the middle of the night, she saw her room was as light as day. 5. As soon as we had stopped the car, we put on our protective clothing. having stopped the car, we immediately put on
15、 our protective clothing. 6. Because l had spent all night watching the volcano erupting, I was very tired the next day. having spent all night watching the volcano erupting, I was very tired the next day. 7. As I came out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting. Coming out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting.8. As I had never seen a volcano erupting before, I was very excited. Never having seen a volcano erupting before, I was very excited.Finish the dialogue exercise 6 on Page 37. Homework
