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1、Grammar1.副词的分类副词的分类 副词按照其词汇意义一般分为以下副词按照其词汇意义一般分为以下5类类:时间副词时间副词,如如:now,soon,ago,today,early,finally,once,recently,already地点副词地点副词,如如:here,downstairs,above,back,upwards,nearby,off,outside方式副词方式副词,如如:carefully,fast,angrily,warmly,suddenly,slowly,really,excitedly程度副词程度副词,如如:almost,seldom,often,usually,s
2、ometimes,occasionally副词按照其句法功能副词按照其句法功能,一般分为以下一般分为以下4类类:一般副词包括上述一般副词包括上述时间、地点、程度、时间、地点、程度、频度频度等副词等副词,主要在句中作主要在句中作状语状语,定语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和介词宾语。表语、宾语补足语和介词宾语。疑问副词疑问副词,如如:how,when,where,why放放在特殊疑问句句首。在特殊疑问句句首。关系副词关系副词,如如:when,where,why,whether,引导定语从句。引导定语从句。连接副词连接副词,如如:how,when,where,why,whether,引导名词性从句。引导
3、名词性从句。 2.频度副词通常放在动词前面频度副词通常放在动词前面,如如:Ihardlyeverheardhimsinging.我几乎从未听他唱过歌。我几乎从未听他唱过歌。Theyoccasionallysawhimwalkingalongtheriverbank.他们偶尔看见他在河边散步。他们偶尔看见他在河边散步。Heseldomwentbacktohishometown.他很少回故乡去。他很少回故乡去。如果句子里有情态动词、助动词或动词如果句子里有情态动词、助动词或动词be,就放在这类动词就放在这类动词(的第一个的第一个)的后面的后面,例如例如Youmustalwayskeepthisin
4、mind.这一点你要经常记在心里。这一点你要经常记在心里。Doyouoftengotothecinema?你经常去看电影吗？你经常去看电影吗？Hehasneverbeenlateforthemeeting.他开会从不迟到。他开会从不迟到。Sheisseldomill.她很少生病。她很少生病。3.几个副词同时出现在一个句子中几个副词同时出现在一个句子中,一般一般的次序是的次序是:方式副词地点副词时间方式副词地点副词时间副词副词(时间副词也可置于句首时间副词也可置于句首)。例如。例如:HewasborninBeijingintheyear1980.Theywereallworkinghardint
5、hefieldsat10:00yesterday.昨天昨天10点的时候他们正在田野里辛勤劳点的时候他们正在田野里辛勤劳动。动。该次序也适用于由其他词或词组组成该次序也适用于由其他词或词组组成的相应的状语的相应的状语,即即:方式状语地点状方式状语地点状语时间状语。例如语时间状语。例如:UncleTomdiedsuddenlyinParisin1980.汤姆叔叔于汤姆叔叔于1980年突然在巴黎去世。年突然在巴黎去世。Afterthewar,theheroreturnedwithpridetohishometown.战后战后,那位英雄自豪地返回了家乡。那位英雄自豪地返回了家乡。4.程度副词一般都放在
6、它所修饰的词程度副词一般都放在它所修饰的词的后面的后面,例如：例如：IamterriblysorryforwhatIsaidtoyou.我对我所说的话感到万分抱歉。我对我所说的话感到万分抱歉。Hedoesntquiteagreewithyou.他不完全同意你所说的话。他不完全同意你所说的话。Wehavecompletelyfinishedtheproject.我们已全部完成了这项工程。我们已全部完成了这项工程。Healmostfellontotheground.他差点摔倒在地上。他差点摔倒在地上。5.疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词和一疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词和一些形容这个句子的副词些形容这个
7、句子的副词,通常都放在通常都放在句子句子(或从句或从句)的开头。例如：的开头。例如：Howdoyoulikethebookyouboughtyesterday?昨天买的书你觉得怎么样？昨天买的书你觉得怎么样？Obviouslythetaxidriveristobeblamedfortheaccident.显显然然,这位出租车司机应该为这起事故这位出租车司机应该为这起事故受到责备。受到责备。 Certainlyweshouldtryourbesttohelpthischild.我们的确应该尽力帮助这个孩子。我们的确应该尽力帮助这个孩子。6.方式副词通常位于动词方式副词通常位于动词(和宾语和宾语)
8、的后面。的后面。如如:Shedoeseverythingcarefully.她做什么事都很细心。她做什么事都很细心。Intheendhepassedtheexamsuccessfully.最后最后,他成功地通过了考试。他成功地通过了考试。Heisalwaystreatingotherpeoplerudely.他待人总是很粗鲁。他待人总是很粗鲁。Workinpairsanddividethesephrasesintotwogroups.1.wordsandphrasesthattellushowoftensomethinghappens2.phrasesthattelluswheresometh
9、inghappensoccasionally,(every)nowandthen,inthewest(ofthecountry),threetimesaweek,seldom,fromtimetotime,betweenthehouses,onceaweek,rarely,attheend(oftheroad),throughtheair,everytwodaysWhere:inthewest(ofthecountry)/betweenthehouses/attheend(oftheroad)/throughtheairAnswers:Howoften:occasionally/(every)
10、nowandthen/threetimesaweek/seldom/fromtimetotime/onceaweek/rarely/everytwodaysA.Wealwayswatchtellyinthemorningasweearourbreakfastinthekitchen.B.Iwatchfilmsallthetimeattheweekend.C.Isawabrilliantoneyesterday.D.Everyoneinitactssobrilliantly.Readthesentencesandanswerthequestions.1.Isbrilliantanadjectiv
11、e(describinganoun)oranadverb(tellingyouaboutaverb)?adjectivedescribing“one”(pronounfor“film”)2.Howdoyoumakeadverbsfromadjectives?Canyoumakeanadverbfromthewordquick?Youfrequentlyadd-lytotheendoftheadjective,e.g.quickly3.Canyoufindwordsandphrasesthatanswerthesequestions:When?Where?How?When?:asweeatour
12、breakfast;inthemorning;allthetime;attheweekend;yesterdayWhere?:inthekitchenHow?:brilliantlyWorkinpairs.Lookatthesentencesbelow.WhatistheorderofWhen? Where? How?Adverbsinthesesentences?1.Thechildplayshappilyinhisbedroomeveryevening.how?(happily)where?(inthebedroom)when?(everyevening)2.MrsWangcleanedt
13、hehousecarefullyyesterday.how?(carefully)when?(yesterday)3.Thestudentswaitquietlyatthebusstopeachday.how?(quietly)where?(atthebusstop)when?(eachday)Putthewordsinthesentencesbelowinthecorrectorder.1.aIofsupermarketatyesterdayspentlotmoneythe2.Ispentalotofmoneyatthesupermarketyesterday.2.streetwalkedd
14、ownmanthequicklythe Themanwalkedquicklydownthestreet.3.wellyouyesterdayplayedYouplayedwellyesterday.4.workedtodaystudenthardthehaveThestudentshaveworkedhardtoday.5.herbeforecarefullytalkthinkyouto Thinkcarefullybeforeyoutalktoher.6.thewereloudlyyesterdayboyscorridorthetalkinginTheboysweretalkingloudlyinthecorridoryesterday. 7.intodrovemorningairporttheyearlytheTheydrovetotheairportearlyinthemorning.
