《名词性从句 (6)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《名词性从句 (6)（29页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 noun clause名词性从句名词性从句Noun Clause:Functions as a NOUN in a sentence. Question: What is the function of a noun in a sentence? 名词在句中可以充当什么成分名词在句中可以充当什么成分? ?Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power .3.We Chinese are peace-loving. sub
2、jectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectsubjectappositionpredicativeWhat are noun clauses? His story is interesting. What he said is interesting. I heard his story. I heard what he said. I listen to his story. I listen to what he said. This is his story. This is what he said. The idea of going there is g
3、ood. The idea that we go there is good.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a prepositionPredictive clauseAppositive clause什么叫名词性从句？什么叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句从句 ( (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, , 它在复合句中能担任它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、主语、宾语、表语、同位语表语、同位语等等因此根据它在句中不同
4、的语法功能，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句宾语从句、表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句名词性从句中的名词性从句中的连接词连接词有有:连词连词: that ，whether,if ，as if ,as though 连接代词连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever连接副词连接副词: when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however1. 主语从句：从句在句中充当
5、主语成分主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分1). That he will succeed is certain .2) Whether he will go there is not known .3) What he said is not true .4) Where he hid the money is to be found out .5) Whoever comes is welcome.6) Its certain that he will succeed .7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting
6、. 8)When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.由由 that 引导引导:1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _ is known to all. (地球是圆的地球是圆的)3. _ is a pity. (你错过了这次机会你错过了这次机会) that 无意义无意义, 后接一个完整的句后接一个完整的句子子. that 不可省不可省That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance 考点一考点一:主语从句后置主语从句后置! 为了避免主语冗长
7、免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻,经常用经常用it作形式主语作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例:That we shall be late is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all.- 2. That you missed the chance is a pity.- 由连词由连词 whether 和和 if, 连接代词连接代词 what,who,which 和连接副词和连接副词 when,where,why,ho
8、w 等引导等引导.也也 常常后置常常后置: It is a pity that you missed the chance.Its known to all that the earth is round.It 的用法：的用法： （形式主语）（形式主语） It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚 Its said/ reported that.据说据说/据报道据报道 Its been announced/declared that.已经通知已经通知/宣布宣布 It seems/appear
9、s/happens. that显然、明显、显然、明显、 碰巧碰巧. Its no wonder that并不奇怪并不奇怪/无疑无疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知）众所周知） / a common saying.（俗话说）（俗话说）3. 时态一致（主从句中一致）时态一致（主从句中一致）1）.当从句表达的是客观事实，真理，自然当从句表达的是客观事实，真理，自然现象时，从句通常用一般现在时。现象时，从句通常用一般现在时。2）在）在“命令，要求，建议命令，要求，建议”等相关词后的名词等相关词后的名词性从句中常用虚拟语气性从句中常用虚拟语气（su
10、ggest.advise）The doctor suggested that she (should) rest for a few days.宾语从句：宾语从句：1.从句在句中充当宾语成分从句在句中充当宾语成分1). They know that the habit will kill them.2).It all depends on whether they will support us .3) I am afraid that he didnt call me .4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important an
11、d necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.1).whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾语从句 a.当当whether后紧跟后紧跟or not时时,不用不用if. eg: I dont know whether I will stay or not.b.介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.注意注意whether和和if的使用区别的使用区别用用if 或或whether 填
12、空填空1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherwhether1. It depends on _ we will have enough money.2. _ they can do it matters little to us.3._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.wheth
13、erWhetherIf 2).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留在宾语从句中的省略与保留a.在在主主+谓谓+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+宾补宾补+that 从句从句(真正宾语真正宾语) 的句型中的句型中不省略不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. I dont think it right that you leave home without telling your parents.b.由连词由连词and连接的两个由连接的两个由that引导引导 的宾语从句中的宾语从句中,第二个第二个that 不省略不省略.eg: He
14、told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后动词之后. 作用：对主语进行解释说明。作用：对主语进行解释说明。The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time .He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats why I was late .b
15、ecause, as if 也可引导表语从句也可引导表语从句: 1. He is absent today. Its _ he is seriously ill. 2. It looks _ its going to rain again. True or False: Her suggestion is that we will do it by turns. Her suggestion is that we do it by turns.becauseas if 1. The fact is _ she doesnt like pop music. 2. My trouble is _
16、I dont have enough experience. 3. The question is _ he will be present or not. 4. What troubled him was _ he could get the money. The predicative clause is also easy!thatthatwhetherwhether/where/how 同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（一些抽象名词（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem
17、；news 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.同位语从句常用同位语从句常用 that 引导或用连接副词引导或用连接副词when / where/why / how / whether 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people .2) Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them .3).Sydney kept his promise that he would always do a
18、nything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.三、同位语从句的引导和辨别三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词连接词 + 从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等等3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。等来引导同位语从句。1. I h
19、ave no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.that/ whether / where/ howwherehowthatthatwhether1.Two thirds of all girls
20、in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Q
21、ueen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many Br
22、itish parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids
23、in school.引导名词从句的关联词。引导名词从句的关联词。分析下列宾语从句中的连词分析下列宾语从句中的连词1.I dont doubt （that ）you will succeed.2.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.3.I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.3个句子中的连词个句子中的连词that, whether, if （是否）在名词性从句（是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词被称为连接词注意：注意：a. tha
24、t 本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，但本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，但在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。 B. whether 和和if有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但whether 可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而if 仅可以用仅可以用于宾语从句。于宾语从句。连接词连接词另另外外，在在名名词词性性从从句句中中，我我们们还还须须特特别别注注意意以下问题：以下问题：填填空空:1.The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has
25、often lied2.The reason _ he gave for his absent is _ he was ill.reason 后后面面的的表表语语从从句句只只能能用用that 引引导导, 不不能能用用why 引引导导, 但但reason后后面面的的定定语语从从句句可可以用以用why 或者或者that 引导。引导。（1） 名词性从句构成有名词性从句构成有3种种a.That + 陈述句陈述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b. if/whether + 陈述句陈述句No one knew if/whether
26、 he lost his sight because of an accident.c. 疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序：一、名词性从句的语序：陈述语序陈述语序(1) that 和whether/if引导的从句 She sensed something.A tall man in a dark coat was staring at herShe sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark
27、coat.She wondered.Would the buses still be running?She wondered if/whether the buses would still be running.(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句（倒装）语序。语序，不能用一般疑问句（倒装）语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )FTTF
