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1、Section Grammar一二一、观察下列各组句子,指出其中的变化例:a.“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.b.Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.(Ishe;dontdidnt)1.She said,“My name is Anne Frank.”She said that her name was Anne Frank.2.Jack said,“My family and I are
2、living in America.”Jack said that his family and he were living in America.答案: Myher;iswas 答案:Myhis;Ihe;arewere 一二3.My brother said,“This model plane is better than mine.”My brother said that that model plane was better than his.4.“How can I solve the problem?” Jane asked me.Jane asked me how she co
3、uld solve the problem.5.She said to me,“I passed this exam yesterday.”She told me that she had passed that exam the day before.答案:Thisthat;iswas;minehis 答案:can Ishe could 答案:said totold;Ishe;passedhad passed;thisthat;yesterdaythe day before一二二、翻译下列句子(注意间接引语的运用)1.她说躺在雪上的感觉很好。She said .2.他们问我是否可以为他们拍张
4、照片。They asked me .3.我想知道我们什么时候去看灯(lantern)。I want to know .that it felt very good to lie on the snow whether/if I could take a photo of them when we will/shall go to see the lanterns 4.那个男孩说他想成为一个像姚明一样的运动员。That boy said .5.我的儿子问我什么时候给他买一个玩具兔子。My son asked me .that he wanted to become a player like Y
5、ao Ming when I would buy him a toy rabbit 直接引语和间接引语()直接引语是直接引述别人的原话,原话用引号;而间接引语是转述别人的话,不用引号。直接引语:My mum said to me,“Your aunt will visit your grandparents tomorrow.”我的妈妈对我说:“明天你的阿姨将去探望你的外祖父母。”间接引语:My mum told me that my aunt would visit my grandparents the next day.我的妈妈告诉我第二天我的阿姨将去探望我的外祖父母。1.直接引语变为间
6、接引语时要注意以下变化: 完成下列间接引语:“I cant find my wallet,” my friend said to me.My friend me that he wallet.答案:told;couldnt find his“Jack will clean the room tomorrow morning,” he said.He clean the room .答案:said Jack would;the next morning“I will meet you next week,” she said to me.She me that she meet me .答案:t
7、old;would;the next week2.直接引语变为间接引语时,应注意以下“九不变”原则。(1)主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时,变为间接引语时,从句时态不变。He says,“I am very happy.”He says that very happy.答案:he is(2)如果直接引语中有确定的表示过去的时间状语,变为间接引语时时态不变。He said,“She was born in 1954.”He said that born in 1954.答案:she was(3)如果转述时在原来的地方且在说话当天,yesterday,tomorrow,here,now等均不必改
8、变。Just now Tom said to me,“It is the most wonderful day I have spent here in the city.”Tom told me it was the most wonderful day he had spent here in the city.答案:Just now(4)直接引语如果是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句等,变为间接引语时,时态不变。Mother said,“There are four seasons and twelve months in a year.”Mother said that four seas
9、ons and twelve months in a year.答案:there are(5)when,while,since等引导的时间状语从句变为间接引语时,只改变原主句的时态,时间状语从句的时态不变。John said,“It is many years since he came to live in China.”John said that it was many years since to live in China.答案:he came(6)直接引语中含有某些情态动词时,间接引语可用原情态动词,也可用其他情态动词表示,但要注意保持原来的意义。He said,“You must
10、 be very fond of art.”He said that I very fond of art.答案:must be(7)直接引语中的主语是第一人称(I,we)时,间接引语中人称代词不变。I said,“You arrived ten minutes behind time.”I said that ten minutes behind time.答案:you had arrived(8)直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。 Lucy asked,“Jim,were you going to Jolins concert when I met you?”Lucy asked Jim i
11、f he to Jolins concert when she met him.答案:was going(9)直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示一种反复出现的情况或习惯性的动作,变间接引语时,时态不变。 Mary said,“The Olympic Games are held every 4 years.”Mary said the Olympic Games every 4 years.答案:are held3.直接引语变为间接引语的三种类型(1)陈述句的间接引语直接引语变为间接引语时,若直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时语序不变。“Ill let you know as soon as I g
12、et the tickets,”he told me.He told me that let me know as soon as he got the tickets.答案:he wouldJohn said,“I like reading adventure stories.”John said that reading adventure stories.答案:he liked(2)一般疑问句的间接引语若直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时首先在主句谓语动词后加if或whether,再把语序变为陈述语序,主句谓语动词say要变为ask。He said to me,“Have you done your homework?”He asked me done my homework.答案:if/whether I had(3)特殊疑问句的间接引语若直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时仍保留原来的疑问词,再把语序变成陈述语序。“What do you want,Sara?”Mr Li asked.Mr Li asked Sara what .答案:she wanted
