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1、语态语态时态是高考单项填空必考的语法项目。时态是高考单项填空必考的语法项目。 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 进行时进行时时时态态 完成时态完成时态 将来时态将来时态( (二二) ) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主主要要体体现现在在bebe的的变变化化上上，其其形形式式与与系系动动词词bebe的的变变化化形形式式完完全全一样。以一样。以givegive 为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下： 一般现在时：一般现在时：am / is / are + given am / is / are + given 一般过去时：一般过去时：was / were +gi
2、ven was / were +given 一般将来时：一般将来时：shall / will +be+ given shall / will +be+ given 现在进行时：现在进行时：am / is / are + being + givenam / is / are + being + given 现在完成时：现在完成时：have / has + been + givenhave / has + been + given 过去完成时：过去完成时：had + been + given had + been + given 过去进行时：过去进行时：was / were + being + g
3、ivenwas / were + being + given 过去将来时：过去将来时： should / would +be+ givenshould / would +be+ given 将来完成时：将来完成时：shall / will + have been + givenshall / will + have been + given 过去将来完成时：过去将来完成时：should should / / would would + + have have been been + + givengiven 注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注
4、被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 1.一般现在时一般现在时 (do, does)1)The earth goes around the sun.2)2) His dog always barks at strangers.3)3) When his dog barks, he will know that a stranger may come.4)4) The train leaves at seven tonight.（事实、真理）（事实、真理）（习惯性、经常性）（习惯性、经常性）（时间、条件状从句）时间、条件状从句）（按规定、时间表）按规
5、定、时间表）典型考题典型考题1.Could you tell me if it in winter in Beijing. A. snowed B. snows C. snow D. will snow2. I need one more stamp before my collection _.A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completedB D 在if 、unless等词引导的条件状语从句条件状语从句，when till/until 、as soon as 、the time等词引导的时间状语从句时间状
6、语从句，当主句主句中的动词用一般一般将来时将来时，从句中的动词从句中的动词通常用一般现在时一般现在时表示将来时间。1.We will stay at home if it _ (rain) tomorrow.2.He will call up his parents as soon as he _ (reach) England.练习练习rainsreaches2.一般过去时一般过去时 （did）1) The monkey fell down from the tree just now.2) They danced for four years.（过去发生的动作或存在的状态）（过去发生的动作
7、或存在的状态）（过去经常或反复发生的动作）过去经常或反复发生的动作） 判断正误判断正误1、对不起，我没看见你在这儿。、对不起，我没看见你在这儿。Sorry, I dont see you here.Sorry, I didnt see you here.2、我忘了把你的伞带来了。我忘了把你的伞带来了。I forget to bring your umbrella with me.I forgot to bring your umbrella with me.3. 进行时进行时1) Its snowing.2) He is always telling lies.3) They are leav
8、ing for school.a. 现在进行时现在进行时 （is/are/am + doing)go, come, leave 等用现在进行时代替将来时等用现在进行时代替将来时be always / often doing 表示说话人的态度表示说话人的态度b. 过去进行时过去进行时 (was/ were + doing)1) She was doing homework this time yesterday.2) He was doing his homework.过去在做，不知道有没有完成过去在做，不知道有没有完成4. 完成时态完成时态有时间标志，有时间标志， 从过去某个时间开始，一直到从
9、过去某个时间开始，一直到现在，并对现在存在影响现在，并对现在存在影响since, for, before, in the past /last few years a. 现在完成时现在完成时(have/ has + done)b.过去完成时过去完成时 （had done)1)When he was eight months old, he had learned to drink milk by himself.2)The boy had hoped to pass the exam.3) The lady had intended to hold the vase.had thought/h
10、oped/intended/planned 表示表示原本打算，但没能实现的原本打算，但没能实现的C. 完成进行时完成进行时 (has/have/had + been + doing)1) They have been doing the experiment all day long.2) He had been doing homework before he went to bed.强调过去某个时间开始，然后一直持续，强调过去某个时间开始，然后一直持续，没有中断没有中断一般将来时一般将来时（1）表示将要发生的动作和状态）表示将要发生的动作和状态 It is going to rain.（2
11、）表示一种倾向和习惯动作）表示一种倾向和习惯动作 A lion will never attack an elephant. We will die without air and water.（3）常用进行时表将来的动作有）常用进行时表将来的动作有 come, go, leave, arrive 等，表示不易改变的动等，表示不易改变的动作。作。 Spring is coming. She is leaving for the USA.4. 将来时态将来时态be to do表按安排、计划即将发生的动作，还可表示吩表按安排、计划即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。咐、命令、禁止、
12、可能性等。President Bush is to visit China next month.If you are to succeed, you must work hard.be about to do表即可，就要，表即可，就要， 后面不能接时间状语，但经常后面不能接时间状语，但经常和和when 引导的状语从句连用。引导的状语从句连用。The plane is about to take off.I was about to go out when he came in.时态语态综合运用时态语态综合运用二、短文填空：(1) We have an old musical instrume
13、nt. It _ (call) a clavichord. It _ (make) in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord _ (keep) in the living room. It _ (belong) to our family for a long time. The instrument _ (buy) by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it _ (damage) by a visitor. She _ (try) to play jazz on it! She _ (strike) the keys
14、 too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father _ (shock). Now we _ (not, allow) to touch it. It _ (repair) by a friend of my fathers.is calledwas madeis kepthas belongedwas boughtwas damagedtriedstruckwas shockedare not allowedis being repaired(2) I_ (have) a letter from my sister yesterday
15、. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter, she said that she _ (come) to England next year. If she _ (come), she _ (get) a surprise. We _ (now, live) in a beautiful new house in the country. Work on it _ (begin) before my sister left. The house _ (complete) five months ago. In my letter, I _ (tell) her
16、that she could stay with us. The house has many large rooms and there _ (be) a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it _ (look) strange to some people. It must be the only modern house in the district. hadwould comecomeswill getare now livinghad begunwas completedtold islooks过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词
17、双写双写+ed 常见的动词常见的动词. occur- occurred refer-referred step stepped stop-stopped slip-slipped spot spotted 认出认出 Skip-skipped scan scanned drag -draggedadmit admitted trap-trapped 设陷阱设陷阱 tip-tipped给小给小费费/使倾斜使倾斜, 使翻倒使翻倒 wag-wagged摇摆摇摆, 摇动摇动beg- begged Zip-zipped拉链拉链 /拉开或拉上拉开或拉上 prefer-preferredCommit comm
18、itted 犯（错误、罪）；做（坏事）犯（错误、罪）；做（坏事） 犯（法犯（法）Control controlled 控制控制, 支配支配, 操纵操纵, drop- dropped fit fitted 使适合使适合/适合适合, 符合符合 hug hugged紧抱，搂抱紧抱，搂抱 jog jogged 轻推轻推, (使使)蹒跚行进蹒跚行进, (使使)慢慢跑跑mop mopped 用拖把拖洗用拖把拖洗 nod nodded tap-tapped敲打敲打注意注意1.My mother counted out to her a heavy bag of laundry which _ ( accum
19、ulate) over several weeks . 2.The tallest building in New York City is “ going green”. The Empire State Building _ ( open) in 1931 .容易用被动的几个动词容易用被动的几个动词 had accumulated opened堆积堆积 Vi.开业开业Vi.3. Sth Smell / look sound / taste + adj.This kind of food _ ( taste ) delicious , so many people are fond of i
20、t.tastes114.) hang hung hung 悬挂悬挂 hang hanged hanged 绞死绞死There were several expensive suits _ (hang) in the wardrobe hanging sb hang sth 某人悬挂某物某人悬挂某物 表动作表动作 sth hang 某物悬挂在某物悬挂在 表状态表状态 hang out =wander 闲逛闲逛 hang on = hold on get the hang of 掌握掌握的要领的要领/了解了解的用法的用法5 lie lay lain 位于位于/躺躺 lie lied lied 撒谎
21、撒谎 lay laid laid 下蛋下蛋/铺设铺设/搁搁/置置6 find found found 发现发现 found founded- founded 建立建立. . 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：来表示，例如： 据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导It is reported that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为It is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.7
