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1、专题七句子结构与特殊句式.单句填空1.(2015福建卷,22改编)Acommonmemorytheyallhavetheirschooldaysistheschooluniform.2.(2015湖南卷,21改编)ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomeIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.3.(2015湖南卷,31改编)Alwaysinmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.4.(2015天津卷,3改编)OnlywhenLilyw
2、alkedintotheofficesherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.5.(2014大纲卷,25改编)Whosthatatthedoor?isthemilkman.ofthatkeepdidIt6.(2014大纲卷,33改编)(call)metomorrowandIllletyouknowthelabresult.7.(2014福建卷,29改编)Itwastheculture,ratherthanthelanguage,madeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroad.8.(2014湖南卷,21改
3、编)Children,when(accompany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.9.(2014四川卷,3改编)WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolMr.Smithgotangry?10.(2014天津卷,1改编)Givemeachance,Illgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.Callthataccompaniedthatand.单句改错1.(2015湖南卷,23改编)OnlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsIdiscoverthathavingstrongmotiva
4、tionisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.2.(2015重庆卷,9改编)Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturywhenhismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.3.(2014北京卷,24改编)Observingcarefullyifanychangeoccurswhendoingexperimentsinthelab.4.(2014大纲卷,26改编)Notonlythenurseswantapayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswel
5、l.答案:1.I前加did答案:2.whenthat答案:3.ObservingObserve答案:4.only后加do5.(2014湖南卷,29改编)Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartdoyoukeepgoodrelationshipswithothers.6.(2014湖南卷,30改编)Makingwhatyouredoingtodayimportant,becauseyouretradingadayofyourlifeforit.7.(2014湖南卷,33改编)Itsnotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswe
6、havetodowhichmakeslifehappy.8.(2014陕西卷,17改编)NosoonerhasMoYansteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.答案:5.dowill答案:6.MakingMake答案:7.whichthat答案:8.hashad9.(2014重庆卷,10改编)IspenttwoweeksinLondonlastsummer.ThenyoumusthavevisitedtheBritishMuseumduringyourstay,mustntyou?10.(2013课标全国卷,28改
7、编)Thedriverwantedtoparkhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolicenot.答案:9.mustntdidnt答案:10.not后加to不论是解决短文改错题还是语法填空题,解决具体问题时,对于句子结构的分析是不可避免的。英语句子结构严谨,各成分之间的联系与相互影响非常紧密。虽然具体的句子变化万千,但是其核心结构还是有规律可循的。把握这些规律(如:简单句的基本句型结构),对于解决这两个题型可以说是掌握了“七寸”。该内容虽然在题目中不会直接考查,但是却是解决问题的根源所在。特殊句式体现了句子使用的灵活性。倒装、强调、省略等都是句子变化的
8、常见手段。近些年的高考更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象,如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句,把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起,考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力。基于句子结构分析的解题流程示意图通过对句子的解析,我们从更加细微的角度理解和把握句子,这为解决短文改错和语法填空两个题提供了最终的解决办法。在此我们可以确定基本的解题流程。示例:Whenapersoniscuriousaboutsomething,itmeansheisinterestedinitandwishestoknowsomethingaboutit.Thereis1wrongwithcuriosityin
9、itself.Whetheritisgoodorbad(考查语意联系:根据下文whether.goodorbad判断。答案:nothing)dependsonwhatpeoplearecuriousabout.Curiositysometimes2befoolishorwrong.Somepeoplewithnothingtodoarefullof(考查语意联系:根据sometimes来判断,此处指“有时会”。答案:can)curiosityaboutwhattheirneighboursaredoing.Theyhaveastrongwishtoknowwhattheyarebringing
10、homeortakingoutside,or3theyhavecomehomesoearlyorlate.Tobeinterestedin(考查语意联系:根据curiosity判断,好奇心驱使疑问出现。答案:why)thesethingsissillybecauseitisnoneoftheir4toknowwhattheirneighboursdoorare(考查固定搭配及语意联系:noneofonesbusiness“与某人无关”。答案:business)doing.Suchcuriosityisnotonlyfoolishbutalsoharmful.Mostprobably,itmay
11、leadtosmalltalkwhichoftenbringsharmordisrespecttoothers,thus5(hurt)othersfeelings.(考查分词做结果状语,逗号的作用应注意。答案:hurting)However,thereisaclevercuriositythecuriosityofwisemen,whowonderatallthegreatthingsandtrytofindoutalltheycanlearnaboutthem.ColumbuscouldneverhavefoundAmericaifhe6(notbe)curious.(考查虚拟语气:根据主句
12、的动词结构及句意判断。答案:hadntbeen)JamesWattwouldnothavemadethesteamengine7his(承接上文实例,仍旧考查虚拟语气,空格后为名词,因此此处缺少介词。答案:without)curiosityabouttherisingofthekettlelid.Allthediscoveriesinhumanhistoryhave8(make)(考查动词语态:关注主语和谓语的关系。答案:beenmade)asaresultofcuriosity,sotheclevercuriosityisneverabout9(important)thingswhich(考
13、查语义联系及构词知识:介词和名词之间应该用形容词,通过上文语意判断用否定意义的形容词。答案:unimportant)havelittleornothingtodowiththehappinessof10public.(考查固定搭配:名词前应该用冠词,thepublic为固定用法。答案:the)特殊句式高考试题中对倒装句、强调句、祈使句、省略、反意疑问句等的考查,要特别注意助动词或情态动词的使用。.语法填空Goodmusicillustrates(阐明)ourcivilizationandmusicisthesourceofwit(智慧).Peoplehavedifferenttasteswhe
14、ntheyenjoymusic.Butnobodywilldoubtthatmusicplaysimportantpartinourdailylife,especiallyintherapid-pacedmodernlife.Musicisakindofart.Asotherformsofart,musicisusedbycomposers(describe)someevents,expressspecialfeelings,andsendtheirwishesandblessings.Beethoven,oneofthemostfamous(master)ofmusicinhistory,f
15、orexample,describedastoryhestruggledwiththefateintheSymphonyDestiny(命运交响曲).YetanotherChinesesongMyMotherland,(regard)asthesecondnationalanthem,showsChinesepeopleslovefortheircountry.Wecanevensaythatmusicisthelanguageofcomposersasthewordsofwriters.antodescribemastersthatregardedAsforlistenersoraudien
16、ce,musiccouldbeasenseofbeauty.However,differentkindsofmusicwillgiveusdifferentfeelingsandtheyhavedifferentfunctionstohumanbeings.Lightmusicwill(probable)calmpeoplesmood,whileheavy-metalmusiccouldmakepeoplefeel(excite).Classicalmusicgivespeopleafeelingofdignityandnobleness,popmusicexpressesyoungsters
17、understandingoftheworld.Wewouldprefertolistentobluejazzwhenwesitinacoffeebar(have)acupofcoffee,butwhenwewanttodance,wepreferdiscomusic.Differentmusicdecoratesoureverydaylife.music,whatadulllifeitwouldbe!Withouthavingwhileexcitedprobably.短文改错Thoughgreatprogresshasbeenmadeinsciencetheseyears,buttherea
18、restillmanypeoplelivinginpoorconditions.Theymaketheirlivesbycollectingandsellingusedthing.Theirchildrencannotgotoschoolbecausetheyhavenotenoughmoneytosendtheirchildrentothere.Whyyouthinksomanypeoplestillsufferfrompovertynow?Theanswerliesonthepopulationexplosion.Apresidentofadevelopingcountryoncesaid,“Itisuswhoaretoblameforthepovertybecauseweusedtoproducechildwithoutlimit.”Althoughthisfewwordssoundsimpleenough,theyhaveclearpointedoutoneofthecausesofthepopulationexplosion.
