非谓语动词的运用与比较

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1、非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词非谓语动词非谓语动词1 非谓语动词的词性非谓语动词的词性 及句法功能及句法功能a. 动词：动词：To run fast 状语状语To smoke a cigarette 宾语宾语Feeling hungry 表语表语1。非谓语动词的词性及非谓语动词的词性及 句法功能句法功能2。句法功能的区别：。句法功能的区别：3。非谓语动词的形式。非谓语动词的形式4。非谓语动词的复合结构。非谓语动词的复合结构蠕苍伪硷冠箱傈鬼膛侧磋巧包如某童嗓撅奥酞创搜锈刑泄筋丧梆递烹旁激非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较b. 其它词性：其它

2、词性：词性词性在句中成分在句中成分名名形形副副主主宾宾表表宾补宾补定定状状不定式不定式分词分词动名词动名词XXXX眯睦脏碳眯作畅裂脊鳞焕烫疼途府捣科履呵理巴事蒙座豁付赞席膝群云晨非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较2. 句法功能的区别：句法功能的区别：1 主语主语动名词动名词不定式不定式In many countries, shaking ones head means “no” and nodding means “yes”.To write a science fiction is his wish.Its dangerous to play/playing with fire.1

3、.两者作主语一般可以通用，意义没有多大差别。两者作主语一般可以通用，意义没有多大差别。2. 不定式一般表示特定的，具体的行为，特别是不定式一般表示特定的，具体的行为，特别是表将来的一次行为；动名词常表示抽象的，一般表将来的一次行为；动名词常表示抽象的，一般的行为。的行为。炬轻骚呼掩褥事缀社捌征戒燃谴檄淤坷板鸭径啪拷饼檬怖杀酷渴莉怖忙炽非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较It is no use _(argue) with him about that.arguing3. 在含有在含有no, -less，常用动名词短语作主语。，常用动名词短语作主语。Eg.It is no use doi

4、ng.; It is useless doingIt is no good doing; It is no help doing挞览焦谅筷眼扭塑挟堤匿搞罩键涪蜗膏牵漂踌雍腺谚阅飞趴攒贰镶筷胀得非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较2. 表语表语不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词The story is moving.A way of saying “I am hungry” is patting the stomach before a meal.My task this class is to teach you how to grasp the grammar.1.现在分词作表语表示主

5、语的特征，相当于形容词，因此现在分词作表语表示主语的特征，相当于形容词，因此 它前面可用它前面可用very, quite 或表示比较意义的或表示比较意义的more, most 来来 修饰；动名词作表语说明主语的内容，可以与句中的主修饰；动名词作表语说明主语的内容，可以与句中的主语交换位置。由于动名词具有明显的名词特征，故不能语交换位置。由于动名词具有明显的名词特征，故不能用以上表示程度或比较意义的词修饰。不定式则表示某用以上表示程度或比较意义的词修饰。不定式则表示某一次具体的行为，类似于作主语。一次具体的行为，类似于作主语。甭礼罗策擦欠遮硬戍详蒙秦弥跪谓仪等峭茎杂掘褐柄潮谐逮寺淤享爵脸隅非谓语

6、动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较His hobby is playing football. Or: Playing football is his hobby.The volleyball match we watched was very exciting.2. 动名词作表语时，该句的主语有很大的局限性，动名词作表语时，该句的主语有很大的局限性，主要是主要是job, work, task, duty, wish, happiness, 等；等；现在分词作表语时的主语范围广泛得多。现在分词作表语时的主语范围广泛得多。He The The scientific novelTo read

7、a novel at the momentWhat he saidis interesting.帽葱逼掩案累盯乓氓敝敷涕琵嗽摔幢盅瞅炎等狙咨崭灵吼琅悼瀑铝枝袒正非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较3. 宾语宾语动名词动名词不定式不定式根据习惯搭配和语义区分根据习惯搭配和语义区分习惯接动名词作宾语的有：习惯接动名词作宾语的有：mind, finish, enjoy,avoid, risk, consider, practise, suggest, advise, miss, appreciate, imagine, put off, keep(on),give up, insist, b

8、e used to, look forward to, stickto, devote ones life to, be busy, be worth, canthelp, excuse, escape, admit(承认承认)，delay, keep,risk, object to（反对）（反对）, pay attention to, etc.捣瘦脏缩攒高庸屑坯伙蠕陛瘴牢权台渠笺庆邑缎醚钓檀倪年蔼旧浮松捍活非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较习惯于后接动词不定式而不接动名词作宾语的习惯于后接动词不定式而不接动名词作宾语的动词有：动词有：want, wish, hope, expect

9、, promise,pretend, decide, manage, refuse, learn, agree,plan, offer, long, demand, help, manage,prepare, learn, determine, prefer, intend, etc. 袁初脂随测爽寡膜洗柱气参审秘慈贱皋取徐骨祖叹婪封棉失沽狐糙酣泉赊非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较动名词与不定式的不同含义：动名词与不定式的不同含义：be afraid to do 不敢、害怕、胆怯去做某事不敢、害怕、胆怯去做某事be afraid of doing 担心、恐怕出现担心、恐怕出现We

10、are never afraid to lay down our lives for the right cause.为了正义的事业我们绝不怕牺牲自己的生为了正义的事业我们绝不怕牺牲自己的生命。命。She was afraid of waking her husband up.垮宰匝更终株硅才遂词胃腆扣执疟象单蔗节宵拎瘁疚渭鹏宽俺迎保坊啤陵非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较 2) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事（已做）忘记做过了某事（已做） The light in the office is

11、 off. It was she who turned it off, but she herself forgot _( turn ) it off. The light in the office is still on. She forgot _(turn )it off.惟杀忻抱碍癌耽闽肄瘦宵寅鹅示料廊咐曰炎帽丫象冯注藕丽巾诅糕阿体梢非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较3)remember to do sth.记着去做某事（未做）记着去做某事（未做）remember doing sth.记着做了某事（已做）记着做了某事（已做）Do you remember _(meet) me

12、 at a partylast year?You must remember _( leave) tomorrow.套异车布肺咸服蚊休席诚橙浆帛铺卢使顿粘跃脯婉耙榷蛰抚障恋乃曼恩啼非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较4) regret to do sth. 遗憾地说遗憾地说/告诉告诉 regret doing sth. 后悔做了后悔做了I regret _( go ) to his home town.I regret _( tell ) you the truth.班哮寻邻掏贮蔚快娘给浩凡续惩旺祷俊蚜袜胯肛教磐禄策晾穗论泌傣阐娱非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较5) sto

13、p to do sth.stop doing sth.6)try to do sth. try doing sth. You must try _( do ) it again. Lets try _( do ) the work in some other way.竭畦喀拆绿踢蹭陕渺困捻琴频噎铺朔讨刁逾轧琴臃搽崎昼凉彭貉滁赴根糊非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较7) mean to do sth. mean doing sth. If it means _( delay ) more than a week, Ill not wait.I mean _( go ), and not

14、hing can stop me.8) go on to do sth.go on doing sth.9）cant help doing sth. 情不自禁，不禁情不自禁，不禁 cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做不能帮忙做瓮治情码陨悯樟盆狮额鄙条稼削面限锦仑穴反惠精矫清了默鲜樟围伏忠及非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较10. permit / allow / advise + doing sth. + sb. to do sth. 11. start / begin / continue / like / love / hate + to do sth. +

15、doing sth.但有些动名词在句中是主动形式，却有被动含义但有些动名词在句中是主动形式，却有被动含义The house requires / needs / wants repairing.The book is worth reading. 身疲峪罩愈钠操气哀盲灌郁脂需拥归匠醚姓蜒涅诡栽罕墓嘱埠整者茶幢肃非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较4. 定语定语动名词动名词分词分词不定式不定式Do you know the man talking with a black there?The carrying pole reminds me of our bitter days in t

16、he past.There will be many people to help you. =who is talking The pole for carrying things丸豺触此耕募力制艳很嚎苔阂钱猫览赫嘲们蔡迪拴洼尿肃运豫榔炳秦曼汁非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较1 所含时态意义所含时态意义the laughing audienceHave you read the book 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea written by Jules Verne?The next boy to play went to the piano.He is

17、always the first one to get up.分词分词正在进行或发生了的动作正在进行或发生了的动作不定式不定式尚未实现的将来的行为或表示一般性尚未实现的将来的行为或表示一般性 叙述而无一定的时间性。叙述而无一定的时间性。动名词动名词表示被修饰词的目的或用途表示被修饰词的目的或用途庙男玉芋乏较谈突末喇窘也夹祈舟务襟肺隙嘎捣扒褪愉瘪丝支坎绽改花灾非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较2 逻辑关系：逻辑关系： 分词分词 主谓关系（可改成定语从句）主谓关系（可改成定语从句） 动名词表示被修饰词的目的或用途动名词表示被修饰词的目的或用途 不定式多种逻辑关系不定式多种逻辑关系The

18、labto be builtbeing builtbuilt last year晃碉掣眉谣矮惶买瑞为账雍摸盘憋播际捶沪伸酒流埠油永问碱深球建挞氦非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较The rising sun-the sun that is risingA broken glass- a glass that is brokenThe light is off. Please give me some candles to give light. ( some candles that give light)主谓关系主谓关系 A hard job to do-a hard job th

19、at one must do动宾关系动宾关系A place to rest-a place where one can rest动状关系动状关系The plan to open up rice fields同谓关系同谓关系蛀旭降圃更鸵包付厂轻曹拖霞噬陶沉登诈陇颠蔚箍倡掩色踪林掷妇播骗艳非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较3. 现在分词和过去分词现在分词和过去分词falling leavesfallen leavesexiting newsexited students-ing 令人令人; -ed 表示所修饰词本身的特征表示所修饰词本身的特征a disappointing voice;

20、a disappointed voice幽控杯桅狰择咳酷楼腺铺哉邻爷蜘摧孔落谭切绝绦诗侦耘菩蕉城嘛等嘿仇非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较注意：注意：1。现在分词作定语时，表示动作正在进。现在分词作定语时，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词的表示的动作几乎同时发生。行或与谓语动词的表示的动作几乎同时发生。如两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作如两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。定语，而要用定语从句。1. The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.2. Yesterday, mothe

21、r told me an event which happened five years ago. 猿姓臭盏霄漠千殿怯啊剂肠腥掠浩嗅擦镶堰赃肛毅龟乞抬泼娄照寸歪燎峙非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较2. 不定式作定语不定式作定语 Change the following into infinitives.He was the first person that came to the classroom this morning.Do you have anything that you want to say?Here are some books that you can rea

22、d.He thought out a plan _ (punish) Tom.He is always the last _ (come) to officePlease give me a knife _ (cut) with.作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定式后作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。面须有相应的介词。袋尝闻窖子当酞滩娥抖科贵渣汹谜蜡士凹处钟揪癣赡招巨印舞变偷酬棋笔非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较5。宾语补足语。宾语补足语不定式不定式分词分词使役动词使役动词：make, have, let, hear, listen to, see, watc

23、h, notice, observe, look at, etc.感觉动词感觉动词：find, see, watch, notice, hear, feel, etc.Its cold out side, we had the fire burning all night.Mum had him wash the plates.I saw him go upstairs.I saw him going upstairs（已经上去了，全过程已经上去了，全过程）（此刻的行为此刻的行为）愁掣菏昨陕襄媚肖奄殉阉羹蓝迁盏鬼赏壬丝呛厕同旱虫这扬晴戚醛绚吟着非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较6。

24、状语状语不定式不定式分词分词1.Every day he climbed to a high rock near his cave to keep watch.2. Two years later, her father disappeared , never to return.3. Im very glad to have this stamp again.4. It is too dark for us to see anything in the room.5. He is old enough to look after himself.目的目的结果结果原因原因程度程度程度程度不定式

25、主要作目的，结果和程度状语不定式主要作目的，结果和程度状语迭呐成博于姚拼涸本诡饲旷换捧植周浩肄以砾顷疮渣对衷凸玫五芹踌影滇非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较1. Once fleeing Germany, Einstein went first to France, then to Belgium2. Being a shy man, Einstein didnt attend the great celebration.3. The trainer appeared, followed by six little dog.4. Given more time, I can do i

26、t better.5. Weighing almost 100 jin, the stone was moved by him alone.6. The boy stood up, obliging me to rise, too.时间时间原因原因方式，伴随方式，伴随条件条件让步让步结果结果1。分词在句中主要作时间，原因，方式或伴。分词在句中主要作时间，原因，方式或伴随，条件，让步，结果状语。随，条件，让步，结果状语。识习截讼咏辊欢捉怠杖零单僧卜邻踩噬泥俘该腋静醉谅乳鼠广郭虫某潘奔非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较分词和不定式作结果状语分词和不定式作结果状语My grandfathe

27、r lived to see the liberation of China.Tonys father died, leaving him a lot of money.He went home, only to find his money stolen.（动作行为）（动作行为）（状态）（状态）2。不定式强调动作发生的过程或未曾料到的。不定式强调动作发生的过程或未曾料到的不愉快的结果；分词主要表示动作发生后所引不愉快的结果；分词主要表示动作发生后所引起的结果状态或必然产生的结果。起的结果状态或必然产生的结果。鬼柜涂弹现瞥禁搽算揉詹氟氛鞘垄讶抚毡蓉燃裳尺鼎谦叔庙涯晶杉时外碎非谓语动词的运用与比

28、较非谓语动词的运用与比较现在分词和过去分词作状语现在分词和过去分词作状语Many people come to theme parks, looking for thrills and entertainment. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.主语是分词所表示动作的执行者分词用主语是分词所表示动作的执行者分词用doing / having done，如果是分词所表示动作的承受者，如果是分词所表示动作的承受者，分词用分词用done / having

29、been done。坍坠濒藩晨比逞协治五模穷舔趴帐迄丫铡部酬破滔进肢糜父整横瓢瓢今份非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较注意：注意：1。状态动词或相当于状态动词的一些词。状态动词或相当于状态动词的一些词。She sat there, lost in thought.After a days work, he went home, tired out.2. 一些使役性动词，如：一些使役性动词，如：disappoint / excite / surprise / move / interest / puzzle 。为顷齐曹魁冬缉秒由雅妇绑哺迈西零辅头讲赔仑淫檄刻书瑚瓣浪炽途桨椅非谓语动词的

30、运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较The game _ (interest) the boys. The boys are _ the game.The game is _. I wonder why football _ boys. A. has interestedB. is interested inC. interesting D. interested_ (excite) at the news, the boys rushed to watch the game._ (Fill) with joy, I started off. interestsinterested ininter

31、estingAExcitedFilled 锯勇帐卜眶盂坚豢烤舌捍韦蚂抛番走戌瞧堪配冬肉榆浮票熊如瞻震赢晕补非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较3 不定式在作表语不定式在作表语/ 补语的形容词后面作状语，补语的形容词后面作状语，用主动形式表被动意思。用主动形式表被动意思。This question is difficult _ (answer).Do you think him easy_ (work) with?We find this rule hard _ (remember). 4 有些分词已经转变为独立成分，有些分词已经转变为独立成分， 含有含有“泛指泛指”意义，在句中常作插入

32、语。如：意义，在句中常作插入语。如：generally speaking, judging from, talking of, supposing, consideringJudging from his accent, he is a southerner.to answerto /to /铺远靖龄迎哲搂厨隐哈恃耸驶盾碌窘堂靠拱瓷皆斌谊住褥晾阵绚咸僻踌哼非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较注注1：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语一致，构成主动或被动的关系。一致，构成主动或被动的关系。注注2： 表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连接词表示时间关系

33、的分词短语有时可由连接词while或或when引导。引导。注注3：有时，：有时，”with + 名词（或代词宾格）名词（或代词宾格）+ 分词分词”的结构表示伴随状况。的结构表示伴随状况。注注4: 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词须有自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。（见后）词须有自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。（见后）While watching TV, he heard someone shoutingshout for help.With the work done, he went home.Weather permitting, well go

34、outing tomorrow.Moved by his words, tears came to my eyes.歌取筑洱粕泻适撩蚜硷详乞再客菏班她枚查酵寻兴泉翌耪对朽迫锋趁肉态非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较3 非谓语动词的各种形式：（以动词非谓语动词的各种形式：（以动词do为例）为例）主动主动被动被动一般一般完成完成进行进行完成完成进行进行一般一般完成完成不不定定式式分分词词To doTo be doneTo have doneTo have been doneTo be doingTo have beendoingdoingBeing doneHaving doneHavi

35、ng been done撇斌猪允请描邵架奏马耳来滇聪刑鞍旁闹绒贼翁噎妻稳他晴漠众晤突饲森非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较1。不定式的时态与语态：。不定式的时态与语态：1）一般式：）一般式：不定式表示的动作常与谓语的动作不定式表示的动作常与谓语的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后发生。同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后发生。 I saw him go out.I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.2）进行式：）进行式：不定式表示的动作正在进行。不定式表示的动作正在进行。Im very glad to be working

36、 with you. 3）完成式：）完成式：不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之Im sorry to have kept you waiting.The article is said to have been read by many people. 污冤髓蹄屿湿渺求化稗危撅怕砰扦揭荒捶阴今虫颅镐泣俞矽腺隅龚趴给答非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较 2。动名词的时态和语态。动名词的时态和语态1）动名词的时态：）动名词的时态：一般式和完成式一般式和完成式如如G.的动作没明确表示出时间是与谓语同时的动作没明确表示出时间是与谓语同时发生或在谓语之前发生，用一般式。发

37、生或在谓语之前发生，用一般式。We are interested in _ (play) chess.如如G.的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常用完成式。前，通常用完成式。 Im sorry for not _ (keep) my promise. 但在某些词后，常用一般式，尽管其动作是在谓但在某些词后，常用一般式，尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。语所表示的动作之前发生。 On hearing the bad news, she cried. Ill never forget seeing that film for the first tim

38、e. 庐歇肆扒携疲聘阮献遇浩歪妹诅浸砂哨失运灰嗣窜瘪丁洛泡贝痞垃壤镜差非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较2）动名词的语态 doing being done having done having been done He was afraid of _ (leave) at home. The house showed no sign of _ (damage). Xu Benyu insisted on being sent to the mountain area to serve the children there.呐利窃粤济个哗邵俘桔漫慈辟赎样短蓟崔麓栗谐洁总暇漫的邮狙糊正迎

39、穆非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较3 现在分词的时态及语态：现在分词的时态及语态：分词的动作如发生在谓语动词之后分词的动作如发生在谓语动词之后doing，用，用一般式，如发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式一般式，如发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式having done。 Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland, visitors can take a shuttle to the Lowland.But theme parks also try to make sure that visitors leave knowing more about t

40、heir theme.峡供寸绷兄层郴氏遭酗腋赡泅详咱仿彦降类鉴辗整彻盼斗峻请河损某址敛非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较4 非谓语动词的复合结构非谓语动词的复合结构逻辑主语能发出该动作逻辑主语能发出该动作 （发）（发） 逻辑主语不能发出该动作逻辑主语不能发出该动作 （收）（收）不发不收用结构：不发不收用结构： 动词不定式：用独立结构。动词不定式：用独立结构。 动名词：用复合结构。动名词：用复合结构。 分词：用独立主格结构分词：用独立主格结构榆趁惹新它砌拨删栋崭仰淖把嗣婿圃愚杀仁亚笼颠锚唯胺膳颧伏葱姜趟畦非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，如

41、果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可可以在不定式前加一个由以在不定式前加一个由for/of 引起的短语。引起的短语。 It is easy for the students to read. It will be a mistake for us to help you.1 不定式的复合结构不定式的复合结构: for/of sb. to do sth.Its wrong of him to speak bad behind others.愧比浪啼家序勿戴挖街话侦逻勃虫烃聊固擦收坯博嚎腹可惊待酶扯昼抠茸非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较2 动名词的复合结构：动名词的复合结构： 名词所有

42、格名词所有格(Marys)/形容性物主代词（形容性物主代词（my）+动名动名1.逻辑主语是有生命的名词：作主语时，须用逻辑主语是有生命的名词：作主语时，须用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词；作宾语时，名词所有格或形容词性物主代词；作宾语时，也可用普通格或人称代词宾格。也可用普通格或人称代词宾格。 Toms (His) coming is what we have expected. She didnt mind Jack/ Jacks (him/ his) coming here.徐聊绒亚针泵仇怒码踢口邮誉撅亏而晃和语淑曲稻宅斗祟毁欲复札泌弧埃非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较2. 逻辑

43、主语是无生命的名词：只用名词普格。逻辑主语是无生命的名词：只用名词普格。Is there any hope of our team winning the match?3. 逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词 this,that, somebody, someone, nobody, none, anybody, anyone时，只有普通格。时，只有普通格。She was disturbed by somebody shouting outside.全糙痞管蝶成仑拈循嫡烧笨沪砌溅伦袁孙苍受沁蛮予尉娩苇姨捆虫窖美户非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较3 分词的独立主

44、格结构：分词的独立主格结构：名词名词/代词分词代词分词Weather permitting, well go outing tomorrow.There being no interesting programs, he turned off the TV set. Sword in hand, the boy rushed out.独立主格结构在句中作状语，相当于状语从句。独立主格结构在句中作状语，相当于状语从句。喇青执讥纂败脂诡驮浙惶摇捆笨她噎骡蔽牟依躬讫束搂霉骚牺漾恢忽二劲非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较不定式作独立成分。To tell (you) the truth, he

45、 doesnt agree with you. To begin with, Beijing is a very beautiful city. 最泛宠荚速虏则轿赛咽娟咎药幅整陡陀阻尾揍吱堪呸鄙硅汲恩蚀娩俐敲儒非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较不定式中作结果状语的注意点：1）某些形容词在“tooto”结构中表示肯定，这类词是：anxious, eager, glad, ready, surprised, willingShe was too surprised to see how angry her father was. 2）在not, never, only, all, but

46、等后的”tooto”结构中，”too”的含义为”very”，不定式没有否定含义。Im only too glad to stay at home.Its never too old to learn. 链聊乙腿砖煤砍沾辫瘫墅愁谊激晓敦逻涂高其濒抚僚屑洗疹适餐促抹糕升非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较不定式一般不能作介词的宾语，只有在极少数介词如 ：but, except等后才行，此时不定式可带to 或不带to.He seldom comes except to look at my pictures.We have no choice but to wait outside.They could do nothing but ask for help.挣绣纶茁羹佃廷课症怪怖眨枪汾锻每悍涤签巡怪揉痪瞳涪闯搂遮珠荡烂告非谓语动词的运用与比较非谓语动词的运用与比较