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1、 一一 . 定义定义 简单的说简单的说 , 宾语从句就是一个或是宾语从句就是一个或是几个从句充当主句中的几个从句充当主句中的宾语成分宾语成分.1. I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句引导词引导词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）宾语从句三要点宾语从句三要点一、引导词一、引导词二、语序二、语序三、时态三、时态考引导词考引导词考语序考语序时态时态一.引导词从句是陈述句，用 。从句是一般疑问句，用 。从句是特殊疑问句，用 。 （what, who, w
2、hom, which, whose） 或（或（when, where, how, why）thatwhether/if特殊疑问词He said : “I have finished the work.”He said that he had finished the work.陈述句陈述句Sb said that一般疑问句一般疑问句Sb asked if/whether+陈述句陈述句His mom asked him: “Do you finish the work?”His mom asked him if he finished the work.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句Sb asked 特殊
3、疑问词特殊疑问词+陈述句陈述句His mom asked him: “when will you finish the work?”His mom asked when he would finish the work. whoHe knew who killed the man.He knew who John killed.whomHe knew who/whom John killed.whoseHe knew whose book it was.whatI like what you like.howWould you like to tell me how I go there? h
4、ow manyThe owner counted how many hens he lost.ExercisevShe says _ she has a handbag.vDo you know_ the plane will leave?She asks me _Tom was a teacher 10 years ago.He tells me_he is watching TV.I want to know _he has been to ?thatwhenif /whetherthatwhere()18.(2016 年 广 东 佛 山 )Does anyone know _ the20
5、10 World Cup is held?BAwhoBwhereCwhich解析：know 后接一个宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用 where 引导。 Cunless解析：tell 后接一个宾语从句，从句中 pay attention to 缺少宾语，故用 what 引导宾语从句。()8.(2016 年广东广州)I cant remember _ I put thebook, and I need it for my homework now.AAwhereBhowCwhatDwhy解析：题意：我不记得把书放在哪里了，我现在需要它来做作业。remember 后接一个宾语从句，从句中缺少地点
6、状语，故选 A。Bshould pay attention to in an exam.AwhyBwhat)14.(2017 年 广 东 茂 名 )Now, Ill tell you _ you(二、语序：陈述句语序 即：即：（引导词（引导词+ +主主+ +谓谓+ +其他成分）其他成分）()1.(2015 年 广 东 湛 江 )Could you please tell me_？C解析：tell 后接一个宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，故选 C。Sorry, I dont know.Ahow far is the supermarketBwhere is Mr.BrownChow I can get
7、 to Beijing AirportDwhen will your father come back()2.(2015 年广东深圳)Do you know _ buy thebook Harry Potter?C 解析：宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除 A、B; so 修饰形容词，such 修饰名词，而 popular 是形容词，故选 C。 The book is _ popular that you can buy it at anybookshop. Awhere can I; so Bwhere can I; such Cwhere I can; so Dwhere I can; such(
8、 )3.(2011 年广东茂名)Bill asked _.C解析：ask 后接一个宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，选 C。Awhere did Jack go just nowBwhere does Jack go just nowCwhere Jack went just now三、时态三、时态1.1.如果主句是如果主句是现在现在的时态的时态, ,从句时态不变。从句时态不变。2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态，从从句句要要用用相相应应的的过去时态。过去时态。3. 当从句是当从句是客观真理客观真理 时，用一般现在时。时，用一般现在时。He is saying what happened l
9、ast night.He asks whether she graduated from the school. He knew whose book it was.I have been interested in what you liked.I have been interested in what you like.He asked whether she graduated from the school. The owner counted how many hens he lost.（三）（三）时态时态(时态一致性）时态一致性）1. 如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般现在时一
10、般现在时，宾语，宾语从从 句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是是_时态时态。I know what he likes.I know what he is doing.I know what he did just now I know what he will do.I know what he was doing.任任 何何2. 如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般过去时一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相，宾语从句只能用相应的应的_时态时态（一般过去时，（一般过去时， 过去进行时，过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He to
11、ld me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 过去过去3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理客观真理，即使，即使主句用了主句用了过去时过去时，从句仍用，从句仍用 _ 时态时态。例如：例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.一般现在一般现在( )1.(2011 年广东)The teacher asked us _.C解析：ask 后接一个宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，排除 A
12、、B；因主句时态为一般过去时，故从句也应用相应的过去时态。选 C。Awhen did I finish my workBwhy didnt we tell him about it earlierCwhat we were interested inDwhere we are going to have our lunchAwhere is his motherCwhere was his motherBwhere his mother isDwhere his mother was解析：根据主句中谓语动词 asked 可知从句用过去时，排除 A、B 两项；宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除 C 项
13、，故选 D。( )10.(2010 年广东)The policeman asked the boy _.D练一练练一练( )1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived( )2. Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where would he play football C. if had he seen the film
14、 D. why he didnt watch the game( ) 3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which( )4. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name isDDB( ) 5. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the
15、 train leave D. the train leave( ) 6.-We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from( ) 7. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what
16、Tom did( ) 8. Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. whichBCCC宾 语 从 句 小 结一一.引导词引导词 （ 结构结构 ） 1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时当陈述句作宾语从句时, 结构结构:主句主句+that + 主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分 2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+ if(whether) +主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分 3.当当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分二二主句从句的时态关系主句从句的时态关系 主句主句 从句从句 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 3.(特殊特殊):任何时态任何时态 (客观、自然现象客观、自然现象)三三.语序：陈述语序语序：陈述语序时态不变时态不变时态相应变化时态相应变化 一般现在时一般现在时EXERCISE: Do the exercise on page 53.
