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1、Ezra PoundEzra Pound(1885-1972)(1885-1972)2021/6/161目 录COMPANY01LifeLife03 WorksWorks02StylesStyles04CommentsComments2021/6/162LifeLife2021/6/163The life of Poundborn in Hailey, Idaho爱达荷州 grew up and was educated mainly in Pennsylvania. 宾夕法尼亚州,pnslvenjIn 1901 at the age of 15, he entered the Univers
2、ity of Pennsylvania two years later ,transferred to Hamilton College汉密尔顿学院2021/6/164In 1908 he moved to Europe, living first in Venice but eventually settling in London. Pound self-published A Lume Spento, his first published collection of short poems, while living in Venice.In the years before the
3、World War I, Pound was largely responsible for the appearance of Imagism印象派, and coined the name of the movement Vorticism (旋涡主义画派)2021/6/165Ezra married the artist Dorothy Shakespear in 1914.One of small number of women vorticist painters 旋涡派画家2021/6/166In 1920, he moved to Paris and got acquainted
4、 with Gertrude Stein 格特鲁德斯泰因（美国作家与诗人）and her circle of friends,then settled in Italy in 1924. During the second World War ,he leaned in the direction of Mussolinis fascist totalitarianism ,ttlternzm 他倾向于墨索里尼的法西斯极权主义having made anti-American radio broadcasts反美电台节目, he was arrested as a traitor叛徒 in 1
5、945 sent to the US, where he was deemed mentally unfit to stand trial for treason. 他被送到美国，在那里他被认为是精神上不适合以叛国罪受审2021/6/167 Pound was confined幽禁 for 12 years in a hospital (actually prison) for the criminally insane in Washington. During this time he translated works of ancient Greek and ancient Chines
6、e literature . While in prison ,he was awarded a prestigious poetry prize in 1949 for his last Cantos. /u/2021/6/168In 1958 he returned to Italy,where he continued to write and make translations until he died in 1972.Pound in Venice, 1963Pounds grave on the Isola di San Michele, 19722021/6/169StyleS
7、tyle2021/6/1610StyleStyleLiterary criticism Literary criticism and economic theoryand economic theoryThe CantosThe CantosTranslationsTranslationsImagismImagism and and VorticismVorticism vvrtrt,s,sz zmm2021/6/1611意象派意象派的宗旨是要求诗人以鲜明、准确、含蓄和高度凝炼的意象意象生动及形象地展现事物，并将诗人瞬息间的思想感情溶化在诗行中。它反对发表议论及感叹。2021/6/1612St
8、yleStyleLiterary criticism Literary criticism and economic theoryand economic theoryThe CantosThe CantosTranslationsTranslationsImagism Imagism and and VorticismVorticism2021/6/1613旋旋涡派派，即是主张表现动力之美，反对英国传统艺术的沉静作风。旋涡派在1915年举办了展览会，声称他们的倾向是将各种物体简化为几何的或机器的形状。因此，可以说，旋涡派在理论上是根据立体派与未来派，特别是未来派所赞美的速率动力之美。他们以旋
9、涡型为世界观的象征。带有浓厚的未来派色彩。2021/6/1614TranslationTranslationPoundstranslationsrepresentasubstantialpartofhiswork.HebeganhiscareerwithtranslationsofOccitanballads奥克语民谣andendedwithtranslationsofEgyptianpoetry.Yaosaysthebodyoftranslationsbymodernistpoetsingeneral,muchofwhichPoundstarted,consistsofsomethemost
10、significantmodernistachievementsinEnglish.159PoundwasthefirstEnglishlanguagepoetsinceJohnDryden约翰德莱顿,somethreecenturiesearlier,togiveprimacytotranslationsinEnglishliterature.Thefullnessoftheachievementforthemodernistsisthattheyrenewedinterestinmulticulturalism多元文化论,multilingualism,and,perhapsofgreat
11、erimportance,theytreatedtranslationsnotinastrictsenseofthewordbutinsteadsawatranslationasthecreationofanoriginalwork.2021/6/1615TranslationTranslationHehelpedpopularizemajorpoetssuchasGuidoCavalcanti（anItalianpoet）andDuFu杜甫,andbroughtProvenal,prvns:l普罗旺斯语andChinesepoetrytoEnglish-speakingaudiences.H
12、erevivedinterestintheConfucianclassicsandintroducedthewesttoclassicalJapanesepoetryanddrama.HetranslatedandchampionedGreek,LatinandAnglo-Saxonclassics,andhelpedkeepthemaliveatatimewhenpoetsnolongerconsideredtranslationscentraltotheircraft.InPoundsFenollosatranslations,unlikepreviousAmericantranslato
13、rsofChinesepoetry,whichtendedtoworkwithstrictmetricalandstanzaicpatterns,Poundcreatedfreeversetranslations.2021/6/1616The CantosThe CantosPoundreachesacrossculturesandtimeperiods,assemblingandjuxtaposing（把并列）themesandhistoryfromHomer（荷马）toOvid（奥维德，古罗马诗人）andDante（但丁）,fromThomasJeffersonandJohnAdams,a
14、ndmanyothers.Poundlayeredideas,culturesandhistoricalperiods,writinginasmanyas15differentlanguages,usingmodernvernacular（方言）,ClassicallanguagesandChineseideograms表意文字.IraNadelsaysTheCantosisanepic,thatisapoemincludinghistory,andthatthehistoricalfigureslendreferentialitytothetext.2021/6/1617Literary c
15、riticism and economic theoryLiterary criticism and economic theoryPound thought writing the cantos meant writing an epic about history and economics, and he wove his economic theories throughout庞德认为写诗章意味着要写一部关于历史和经济的史诗，他的经济理论贯穿始终; ; neither can be understood without the other. . In these pamphlets a
16、nd in The ABC of Reading, he sought to emphasize the value of art and to aestheticize the political, written forcefully, according to Nadel, and in a determined voice. In form his criticism and essays are direct, repetitive and reductionist, his rhetoric minimalist, filled with strident impatience,
17、在形式上，他的批评和文章是直接的、重复的和简化的，他的修辞极简主义，充满了“刺耳的不耐烦”，according to Pound scholar Jason Coats, and frequently failing to make a coherent claim. He rejected traditional rhetoric and created his own, although not very successfully2021/6/1618WorksWorks2021/6/1619Literary criticism and economic theoryLiterary cr
18、iticism and economic theory1908ALumeSpento.PrivatelyprintedbyA.Antonini,Venice,(poems).1908AQuinzaineforThisYule.Pollock,London;andElkinMathews,London,(poems).1909Personae.ElkinMathews,London,(poems).1909Exultations.ElkinMathews,London,(poems).1910TheSpiritofRomance.Dent,London,(prose).1910Provenca.
19、Small,Maynard,Boston,(poems).1911Canzoni.ElkinMathews,London,(poems)1912TheSonnetsandBallateofGuidoCavalcantiSmall,Maynard,Boston,(cheapereditiondestroyedbyfire,Swift&Co,London;translations)1912Ripostes.S.Swift,London,(poems;firstannouncementofImagism)1915Cathay.ElkinMathews,(poems;translations)1916
20、Gaudier-Brzeska.AMemoir.JohnLane,London,(prose).1981916CertainNoblePlaysofJapan:FromtheManuscriptsofErnestFenollosa,chosenandfinishedbyEzraPound,withanintroductionbyWilliamButlerYeats.1916ErnestFenollosa,EzraPound:Noh,or,Accomplishment:AStudyoftheClassicalStageofJapan.Macmillan,London,1916Lustra.Elk
21、inMathews,London,(poems).2021/6/1620Literary criticism and economic theoryLiterary criticism and economic theory1917TwelveDialoguesofFontenelle,(translations)1917LustraKnopf,NewYork.(poems).WithaversionofthefirstThreeCantos(Poetry,vol.10,nos.3,June1917,4,July1917,5,August1917).1918:PavannesandDivisi
22、ons.Knopf,NewYork.prose1918QuiaPauperAmavi.EgoistPress,London.poems1919TheFourthCanto.OvidPress,London1920HughSelwynMauberley.OvidPress,London.1921Poems,19181921.Boni&Liveright,NewYork1922RemydeGourmount:TheNaturalPhilosophyofLove.Boni&Liveright,NewYork,(translation).1969completedCantos1-1171962,HarrietMonroeAward哈丽雅特梦露奖1963,AmericanPoetAcademyAward美国诗人奥斯卡奖1972,EmersonThoreauAward爱默生梭罗奖2021/6/1621CommentsComments2021/6/1622The father of the American modern poetry2021/6/1623Thanks 2021/6/1624 结束束语若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！
