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1、Grammar 1. Answering (5m) Read the sentence and answer the questions.1.In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students.students.2.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for fiveToday, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.
2、days in February.a.Which sentences refers to the present?Which sentences refers to the present?b.Which sentences refers to the past?Which sentences refers to the past?c.Which shows who did something?Which shows who did something?d.What does What does byby show? show?Underline more examples of passiv
3、e inUnderline more examples of passive inThe Magic of the Mask. The Magic of the Mask. Sentence 2Sentence 2Sentence 1Sentence 1Sentence 1Sentence 1By shows who performed By shows who performed the action (the agent).the action (the agent).Grammar 2. Rewriting (9m) Rewrite the passage in the passive
4、voice. Today millions of people enjoy carnival. Tourists Today millions of people enjoy carnival. Tourists from all over the world visit Venice for fun. Trained from all over the world visit Venice for fun. Trained artists make many of the carnival masks. The local artists make many of the carnival
5、masks. The local people gave parties every day for a month. people gave parties every day for a month. Carnivals are different from places to places. At Carnivals are different from places to places. At first the Portuguese and the Spanish took carnival to first the Portuguese and the Spanish took c
6、arnival to South America. However, in London the West Indian South America. However, in London the West Indian community created the Notting Hill Cmunity created the Notting Hill Carnival.Carnival is enjoyed by millions of people today.Carnival is enjoyed by millions of people today.Venice isVenice
7、isvisited for fun by tourists from all over the world.visited for fun by tourists from all over the world.Many ofMany of the carnival masks are made by trained the carnival masks are made by trained artists.artists.Parties were Parties were given every day for a month by the local given every day fo
8、r a month by the local people.people. carnival was taken to South America by the Portuguesecarnival was taken to South America by the Portugueseand the Spanish.and the Spanish. the Notting Hill Carnival inthe Notting Hill Carnival inLondon was created by the West Indian community.London was created
9、by the West Indian community. Who wrote this book?=This book _by Mark Twain.was writtenMark Twain wrote this book.What is the man doing?He is feeding a dog.= A dog _ by him.is being fed 被动语态被动语态一一.被动语态谓语部分的构成被动语态谓语部分的构成: be+P.P 二二.各种时态被动语态谓语部分的构成各种时态被动语态谓语部分的构成 1.一般现在时一般现在时:is/am/are+P.PHe teaches E
10、nglish.- 2.一般过去时一般过去时:was/were+P.PHe saw the film yesterday.-3. 现在进行时现在进行时: am is +being+P.P areHe is writing a letter.-English is taught by him.The film was seen.A letter is being written.4. 过去进行时过去进行时 :was/were+being+P.PHe was singing the new song at 7 yesterday.-5.现在完成时：现在完成时：have /has been +P.PW
11、e have carried the plan out.-6. 过去完成时过去完成时:had been+P.PHe had washed the clothes when I came back.-7.一般将来时：一般将来时：1)will/shall be +P.PHe will help you. The new song was being sung by him.The plan has been carried out.The clothes had been washed when I came back.You will be helped by him.2). be going
12、to be doneWe are going to finish the work on time.8.含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/mustbe +P.PWe must love our hometown.9.特殊结构的被动语态特殊结构的被动语态: have/has to be done seem to be done want sth to be done happen to be done ask sth to be done pretend to be done be happy to be done let sth be doneThe work i
13、s going to be done by us on time. Our hometown must be loved by us.三三. 被动语态的运用：被动语态的运用：1.当句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者时，主当句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者时，主,谓谓之间的关系称为之间的关系称为主动语态主动语态;当句子的主语是谓语动当句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者时，主、谓之间的关系称为作的承受者时，主、谓之间的关系称为被动语态被动语态。1).动词动词say, believe, report, announce, suppose, know, consider, hope, suggest等以等以it作形式
14、主语作形式主语时用被动语态，后面接时用被动语态，后面接that从句从句. People hope that all of us can go to college. It is hoped that all of us can go to college. It is suggested that we (should) put off the English Speech Contest.2). It is known_all of us that the earth is round.to英语中一般用来英语中一般用来by表示动作的执行者表示动作的执行者,但但know除除外外,它要用介词它要
15、用介词toHangzhou is known_a scenic spot, especially it is known_the West Lake,which is known _the world.2.并非所有的动词都能用于被动语态中并非所有的动词都能用于被动语态中.一般来说，一般来说，在我们日常生活中，在我们日常生活中，能用主动语态的时候就尽量不能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。去用被动语态。下列情况一般不用于被动语态中下列情况一般不用于被动语态中.asforto1)不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die, disappear, ta
16、ke place happen, last, remain, fall asleep, spread, stand, sit, break out, fail, lie end (vi. 结束结束), keep silence, come true, lose heart, 判断正误判断正误 ( ) The price has been risen.( ) The price has risen.( ) The accident was happened last week. ( ) The accident happened last week.( ) The price has been
17、raised ( ) The price has raised. ( ) Please be seated. ( ) Please seat.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。中多留意积累。FT FT FTFT2) 不能用于被动语态的不能用于被动语态的及物动词及物动词或动词短语或动词短语fit, have, hold(容纳容纳), agree with, wis
18、h, cost, arrive at / in, shake hands, succeed in, suffer from, enter, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong toThis key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had already been heard.3) 系动词系动词无被动语态：无被动语态：appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, remain, look, seem, smell, sound, be ,
19、stay, taste, turn It sounds good. 4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词(oneself)，相互代相互代词词(each other,one another)，不能用于被动语态：不能用于被动语态：die, death, dream, live, lifeShe dreamed a bad dream last night.5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。 ( ) She likes to swim. ( ) To swim is liked by herTF give sb sth , s
20、end sb sth , buy sb sth ； give sth to sb, send sth to sb , buy sth for sb 请看下面两种情况的对照：请看下面两种情况的对照：She sent me a novel on my birthday. (主动主动) My brother bought me a watch yesterday. (主动主动) I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被动被动)A novel was sent to me on my birthday. (被动被动)I was bought a watch yeste
21、rday. (被动被动)A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday. (被动被动) 5.动词的主动表被动：动词的主动表被动：1)下列感官动词和系动词以主动表被动下列感官动词和系动词以主动表被动: smell,sound,taste,prove,look,feel那故事证明是真的那故事证明是真的.着料子摸起来很柔软着料子摸起来很柔软.2)sell,wash,write,shut,let(租租)等词后面加状语等词后面加状语(有有些可以不加些可以不加),常用主动表被动常用主动表被动.这书很畅销这书很畅销.那笔好写那笔好写.那些印记不好洗那些印记
22、不好洗.那栋房子每月出租那栋房子每月出租2000元元.3)need,want,require等表等表“需要需要”, 如果主语是物的如果主语是物的时候时候,必须用动名词的主动形式表被动意义必须用动名词的主动形式表被动意义;也可以用不也可以用不定式的被动形式定式的被动形式.The story proved true.The material feels soft.The book sells well.The pen writes well.The marks wont wash easilyThe house lets for 2000 yuan a month.这张椅子需要修理这张椅子需要修理
23、.窗子需要抹洗窗子需要抹洗. 4)worthThe book is worth reading.The windows want cleaning.=The chair needs to be repaired. The chair needs repairing.=The chair wanted to be cleaned.=The book is worthy of being read.=The book is worthy to be read.n5)不定式作后置定语不定式作后置定语,如果不定式和逻辑主语之间是被如果不定式和逻辑主语之间是被动关系就应用不定式的被动形式动关系就应用不定
24、式的被动形式. The little boy likes to be taken to the park. He asked the letter to be posted . 虽然不定式和逻辑主语之间是被动关系虽然不定式和逻辑主语之间是被动关系,但它又和句子中但它又和句子中的另外一个名词或代词存在着主动关系的另外一个名词或代词存在着主动关系,这时须用主动这时须用主动形式表被动意义形式表被动意义. Give me a book to read.他命令立即完成这座桥的建设他命令立即完成这座桥的建设.我有很多工作要做我有很多工作要做.他有很多问题没解决他有很多问题没解决,他很不高兴他很不高兴.他有
25、很多问题没解决他有很多问题没解决,他老板很不高兴他老板很不高兴.He ordered the bridge _ an once.to be completedWith many problems _, he is very unhappy.to do.I have a lot of work_.to be settledWith many problems _, his boss is very unhappy.to settle6) adj+to do too +adj.+to do,句型中句型中,常用主动形式表达被动意义常用主动形式表达被动意义. adj. enough to do英语不是
26、很难学英语不是很难学.English is not very hard _.这本书很容易理解这本书很容易理解.The book is easy _.这箱子太重了他搬不动这箱子太重了他搬不动.The box is too heavy for him _. to study.to understand.to carry.7).动名词如果和逻辑主语之间是被动关系就用动名词的动名词如果和逻辑主语之间是被动关系就用动名词的被动形式被动形式.No one enjoys being laughed at in public.Do you mind being invited to the party?8)b
27、lame,let用于用于不定式不定式中用主动表被动中用主动表被动.他该受责备他该受责备.这房子要出租这房子要出租.He is to blame.The house is to let.Grammar3. Complete the passage using the correct form of the verbs.(8m)n1. were held 2. celebrated 3. was decided4. wanted5. was followed6. was discovered7. brought8. were added9. has become10. is celebrated11. is known12. climbs13. flies14. is watched15. are fired同学们同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
