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1、 The Attributive Clause 1GrammarAttribute (定语定语)1. He is an honest boy.2. We love our country.3. Whats your telephone number? 4. She is a beautiful girl.修饰；限定修饰；限定honestourtelephone找出下列句中的定语。找出下列句中的定语。beautiful The positions of the attribute: （定语的位置）（定语的位置）1. This is a flower basket.2. This is a bas
2、ket full of flowers.3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。于被修饰词的后面。vHe who laughs last laughs best.vAll is well that ends well.vFriendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.真正的友谊犹如健康的身体
3、，失去时真正的友谊犹如健康的身体，失去时方知其可贵。方知其可贵。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好，一切都好。结局好，一切都好。Can you translate these proverbs into Chinese?whothatwhichapplethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is small.The apple which is green is big.the
4、handsomethe tallthe strong the cleverthe naughtyboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is handsome is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is TomThe boy who is naughty is Tom.定语从句：是指在复合句中，定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰修饰 或或 的从句。的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做词叫做“ ”。引导定语从句的词叫引导定
5、语从句的词叫“ ”。 名词名词代词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词The Attributive clause 定语从句定语从句She is the girl who can speak English very well.先行词先行词关系词关系词关系词关系词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词who whomthat whichwhosewhen where why1. 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。2. 代替先行词。代替先行词。3. 在定语从句中担当在定语从句中担当 一个成分。一个成分。关系词的三个作用关系词的三个作用: :Which baby is Jack?穿红裤子的穿红裤子的baby是是Jac
6、k。The baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is wearing red trousersJackWhich house is mine?房顶是棕色的房顶是棕色的房子是我的。房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownmy houseThe house is brown ismine.the roof of which关系代词关系代词1. that可指人可指人, 可指物可指物, 作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作作宾语可省略宾语可省略, 前面不能加介词前面不能加介词)2. wh
7、ich指物指物, 作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省略略, 若介词提前则不能省若介词提前则不能省) 3. who指人指人, 作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省略略, 前面不能加介词前面不能加介词)4. whom指人指人, 作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, 若若介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省) 一般多用一般多用that的情况的情况I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. 1. 先行词为先行词为all, everyth
8、ing, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不等不 定代词时。定代词时。2. 先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。等修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。4. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。5.
9、who或或which的问句中。的问句中。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Which is the book that you bought last week? 6. 当关系代词在定语从句中作当关系代词在定语从句中作be表语时表语时 She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.以下情况用以下情况用which, 不用不用that1. 关系代词前有介词关系代词前有介词 This is the house in which he was born.2. 在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中 Alice rece
10、ived an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.关系代词用法关系代词用法 关系代关系代词 指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用 that which who whom whose(=the + n +of which/whom)人人/ /物物 主主/ /宾宾 主主/ /宾宾 主主/ /宾宾 宾宾 定定 人人 人人人物人物 物物 Summary1.All _ we need is to be supplied with food and clothing. A. what B. that C. which D. whom2.
11、The man_talked to you just now is an engineer. A. who B. whose C. which D. what单选单选3. Can you tell me the name of the factory_ you visited last week? A. what B. in where C. / D. when4. I dont like the way_ you speak to her. A. that B. in that C. who D. whose5. She spent the whole evening talking abo
12、ut the things and persons_ none of us has ever heard of. A. which B. who C. whom D. that6. Who is the person_ is talking about the accident _ happened on Highway 104? A. which; which B. who; what C. that; that D. what; what7. The most important thing_ we should pay attention to is the first thing _
13、I have said. A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; that把下列句子分成两层意思。把下列句子分成两层意思。The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night.1 The one million people of the city went to bed as usual that night.2 The one million people of the
14、 city thought little of these events.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.1 A huge crack cut across houses, roads and canals.2 A huge crack was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide.The number of people who were killed or injur
15、ed reached more than 400, 000.1 The number of people reached more than 400, 000.2 Those people were killed or injured. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.1 The army organized teams to dig out people and to bury the dead.2 Those people were trapped. 1 The
16、woman is a teacher.2 The woman lives next door.The woman who lives next door is ateacher.1 The nurse is kind. 2 The nurse looks after my sister. The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.合并下列句子。合并下列句子。1 Kevin is reading a book. 2 The book is too difficult for him.Kevin is reading a book which
17、/that is too difficult for him.1 I have a friend. 2 He likes listening to classical music.I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.1 Many people were afraid to swim in the sea. 2 They saw the film Jaws.Many people who/that saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea.1 It is about
18、a big white shark. 2 It attacks swimmers.It is about a big white shark which/that attacks swimmers.1 I know the doctor.2 His daughter studies abroad.I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.1 Have you seen my book?2 The books cover is red.Have you seen my book whose cover is red?Beijing is th
19、e city _has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.which / that用合适的关系代词填空。用合适的关系代词填空。Ye Xin is a nurse _ died in the fight against SARS. who / thatHalloween is a day _ is also called the eve of All SaintsDay.whichTitanic is the ship _ sank after hitting an iceberg.which / thatRose and Jack ar
20、e the lovers _ met on the ship.who“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句v一一.关系代词的选用关系代词的选用在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which 和和whom. 如果先行词是物，引导词用如果先行词是物，引导词用which；如果先行词是人，则引导词用如果先行词是人，则引导词用whom.This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.This is the student for whom I bought the book.v二二.介词的选用介词的选用v1.根据定语从句中
21、的谓语动词或形容词来选根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。用介词。vThe man_ whom I spoke is my teacher.vThe West Lake, _ which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.toforv2.根据先行词来确定介词。根据先行词来确定介词。vIn his room, we saw a big table _ which there were all kinds of books.vYesterday we had a meeting _ which we discussed many proble
22、ms.onat 3. 根据定语从句中所表达的意义来确定介词。根据定语从句中所表达的意义来确定介词。Air, _ which man cant live, is really important.In front of the house Tom is planting a tree, _ which he will be able to sit and read some day.withoutunderv三三. 介词的位置介词的位置 介词一般放在关系代词介词一般放在关系代词which和和whom之前，之前，但也可以放在原来的位置上。但也可以放在原来的位置上。The house in whic
23、h we live is not large.= The house (which/that) we live in is not large.This is the man from whom I learned the news.= This is the man ( that/ whom) I learned the news from.1. Did you recognize the man with _ I shook hands?2. Do you still remember the boy about _ sister people talk a lot?3. They ble
24、w up the building on _top there was a flag.4. A biologist is a man from _ you can learn a lot of knowledge of biology.whomwhosewhosewhom5. He is the man _ you can turn for help. 6. This is the tree _ we used to play games.7. The farm _ we worked ten years ago isnt what it used to be.8. Im grateful t
25、o my classmate with _ help Ive made much progress.to whomunder whichon whichwhose改错改错1. Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from Class Two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whomwhosewho同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
