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1、12017 考研考研英语二真题英语二真题+答案（缺少完型填空答案（缺少完型填空 1-20）Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or Don the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points).People have speculated for centuries about a future without work,.Today is no different, witha
2、cademics, writers, and activists once again_1_ warning that technology is replacing humanworkers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by_2_ inequality: A fewwealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not
3、 mutually exculsive _3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a differentsort, one _4_by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply becomelazy and depressed. _6_, todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time. One Galluppoll found that 20 percent of Amer
4、icans who have been unemployed for at least a year reporthaving depression, double the rate for _7_Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction _9_ poorly-educated,middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs. Another
5、study shows that people are oftenhappier at work than in their free time. Perhaps this is why many _10_ about the agonizingdullness of a jobless future.But it doesnt _11_ follow from findings like these that a worldwithout work would be filled with malaise. Such visions are based on the_12_of beingu
6、nemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _13_ of work, a societydesigned with other ends in mind could _14_ strikingly different circumstances for the future oflabor and leisure. Today, the _15_ of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring,degrading, unhealthy, and
7、a squandering of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at theNational University of Ireland in Galway who has written about a world without work. “Globalsurveys find that the vast majority of people are unhappy at work.”These days, becauseleisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, p
8、eople use their free time to counterbalance theintellectual and emotional _17_ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard days work, I2often feel _18_,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don t have to work, I might feelrather different”perhaps different enough to throw himself _19_a hob
9、by or a passion projectwith the intensity usually reserved for _20_ matters.1 Aboasting BwarningCdenyingDensuring2AuncertaintyBunreliabilityCinstabilityDinequality3ApolicyBguidelineCpredictionDresolution4AmeasuredBdiviedCbalancedDcharacterized5AmeaningBwisdomCgloryDfreedom6AindeedBinsteadCthusDnever
10、theless7ArichBworkingCurbanDeducated8AsubstituteBrequirementCcompensationD explanation9AunderBbeyondCamongDalongside10Aleave behindBworry aboutCmake upDset aside11AatatisticallyBnecessarilyCoccasionallyDeconomicall12AdownsidesBchanceCbenefitsDprinciples13AcourseBheightCfaceDabsence14adisturdbrestore
11、CyieldDexclude15AmodelBvirtueCpracticeDhardship16AtrickyBlengthyCscarceDmysterious17AthreatsBstandardsCqualitiesDdemands18AtiredBignoredCconfusedDstarved19AoffBagainstCintoDbehind20AprofessionalBtechnologicalCeducationalDinterpersonal完型填空【答案】完型填空【答案】1. B warning2. D inequality3. C prediction4. D cha
12、racterized5. Ameaning6. AIndeed37. B working8. D explanation9. Aunder10. worry about11. B necessarily12. B chances13. D absence14. C yield15. C practice16. C scarce17. D demands18.Atired19. C into20. D interpersonalSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer t
13、he questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around theirlocal park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events inthe UK an
14、d more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range fromfour years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago onMonday, it wa
15、s announced that the Games of the 30thOlympic would be to lever a nation of sport4lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter,healthier and produce morewinners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2million in the run-up to 2012-but the
16、general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbersare now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at leasttwo hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012
17、 failed to “inspire a generation.” Thesuccess of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomesanybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there isabout top talent shining. The Olympi
18、c bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sportand to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim is mixed up: The stress on success over takingpart was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved planing of such afundamentally “gra
19、ssroots” concept as community sports associations. If there is a role forgovernment, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure thereis space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging theprovision of all these activities in sch
20、ools. But successive governments have presided over sellinggreen spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditionsfor sport to thrive. Or at least not make the
21、m worse.21. According to Paragraph 1, Parkrun has.A gained great popularityB created many jobsC strengthened community tiesD become an official festival22. The author believes that Londons Olympic “legacy”has failed to.A boost population growthB promote sport participationC improve the citys image5D
22、 increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.A aims at discovering talentsB focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers24. Withregard to mass sports, the author holds that governments should.A organize “grassroots”
23、sports eventsB supervise local sports associationsC increase funds for sports clubsD invest in public sports facilities25. The authors attitude to what UK government have done for sports is.A tolerantB criticalC uncertainD sympatheticText1【答案】【答案】21.A gained great popularity22.B promote sport partic
24、ipation23.C does not emphasize elitism24.D invest in public sports facilities25.B criticalText 2With so much focus on childrens use of screens, its easy for parents to forget about theirown screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study ofdigital play, “and dig
25、ital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard todisengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by givingmother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used de
26、vices during the6exercise started 20 per cent fewer verbal and 39 per cent fewer nonverbal interactions with theirchildren. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in thefamily. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited
27、bidsfor their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world, and if those facesare blank and unresponsive- as they often are when absorbed in a device- it can be extremelydisconcerting for the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by deve
28、lopmentalpsychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normalway before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: Thechild becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention. “Parents dont
29、have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to beresponsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” saysRadesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screensare bor
30、n out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children: “Its based on a somewhat fantasised, very white, very upper-middle-classideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that
31、 just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres novalue to it- particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have abreak from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friendor get some work out of th
32、e way. This can make them feel happier, which lets them be moreavailable to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to_.A absorb user attentionB increase work efficiencyC simplify routine mattersD better interpersonal relations27. Radeskys food-
33、testing exercise shows that mothersuse of devices_.A takes away babiesappetite7B distracts childrens attentionC reduces mother-child communicationD slows down babiesverbal development28. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” to show that_.A it is easy for children to get used to blank expression
34、sB parents need to respond to childrens emotional needsC verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeD children are insensitive to changes in their parentsmood29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_.A protect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB teach thei
35、r kids at least 30,000 words a yearC remain concerned about kidsuse of screensD ensure constant interaction with their children30. According to Tronick, kidsuse of screens may_.A make their parents more creativeB give their parents some free timeC help them with their homeworkD help them become more
36、 attentiveText2【答案】【答案】26.Aabsorb user attention27. C reduces mother-child communication28. B parents need to respond to childrens emotional needs29.D ensure constant interaction with their children30.B give their parents some free timeText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to col
37、lege in conjunction with8increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving word often causes students to completely overlookthe possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall,it seems silly to stay back a year, doesnt it? And after going to school for
38、 12 years, it doesnt feelnatural to spend a year doing something that isnt academic.But while this may be true, its not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. Theres always aconstant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,”whether that be toward
39、 graduate school, medical school or a lucrative career. But despite commonmisconceptions, a gap year does not hind the success of academic pursuits-in fact, it probablyenhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year aregenerally better prepared for and
40、 perform better in college that those who do not. Rather thanpulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, newresponsibilities and environmental changes - all things that first-year students often struggle withthe most. Gap year experiences can lessen the bl
41、ow when it comes to adjusting to college andbeing thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activitiesrather than acclimation blunders.If youre not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, thenconsider its financial impact on fu
42、ture academic choice. According to the National Center forEducation Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at leastonce. This isnt surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leavesstudents with a poor understanding of the vast academic
43、possibilities that await them in college.Many students find themselves listing one major on their college application, but switching toanother after taking college classes. Its not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, itcan be closely to make up credits after switching too late in t
44、he game. At Boston college, forexample, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school fromanother department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress andsave money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not takin
45、g a gap year is thatA. they think it academically misleadingB. they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC. it feels strange to do differently from othersD. It seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US andAustralia imply that taking a gap year helpsA. Keep students from bein
46、g unrealisticB. Lower risks in choosing careersC. Ease freshmens financial burdensD. Relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word “acclimation” (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning toA. AdaptationB. ApplicationC. MotivationD. Competition34. Agap year may save money for students by helping them9A.Avo
47、id academic failuresB. Establish long-term goalC. Switch to another collegeD. Decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would beA. In Favor of the GapB. The ABCs of the Gap YearC. The Gap Year Comes BackD. The Gap Year :A DilemmaText3【答案】【答案】31.B They have a lot of fun to ex
48、pect in college32.D relieve freshmen of pressure33.B adaptation34.A decide on the right major35.B In favor of the Gap YearText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of the wildfiresis a national concern because of impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Ma
49、x Moritz, aspecialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billionannual budget fighting firesnearly double the percentage it spend on such efforts 20 years ago.In effect, fewer federal finds todays are going towards the ag
50、encys other worksuch as forestconservations, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep thataffect the lives of allAmericans.Another nationwide concern is whether public front other agencies are going intoconstruction in fireprone districts. As Moritz puts it ,how often a
51、re federal dollors buildinghomes are likely to be lost to a widefire?“Its already a huge problem from a public expenditure persperctive for the whole country,”he says “We need to take a manifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minitues, is this Ok?” Do wewant instead to redirect those funds to concert
52、rate on lowerhazardparts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fires,researchers say.For one thing, conversation about wildfires needs to be more inclusive. Over the past decade,the focus has been on climate change how the warning of the
53、Earth from greenhouse gases isleading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldnt come at the expense of the rest ofthe equation.“ The human system and landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go bothsways,” he says. Falling to recognize tha
54、t, he notes, leads to “ an overly simplified view of what the10solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes verylimited.”At the same time , people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlledand unleashed only out of necessity, says P
55、roffesor Balch at the University of Colorado. Butacknowledging fires inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing for thelaws, politics, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says .“Were disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says ,” It is really
56、 important tounderstand and try and trease out what is the human connection with the fire today .”36. More frequency wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they tend toA. cause a huge a rise of infrastructure expenditureB. severely damaged the ecology of western statesC. consumed a
57、 recordhigh percentage of budgetD. exhausted unprecendented management efforts37. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” toA. raise more funds for fire-prone areasB. guarantee safer spending of public fundsC. avoid the redirection of federal moneyD. find widefirefree parts of the landscape
58、38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes thatA. public debates have not selected yetB. firefighting conditions are improvingC. other factors should not be overlookedD. a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of fall
59、ing toA. understand the interrelation of man and natureB. maximize the role of landscape in human lifeC.explore the mechanism of the human systemsD. discover the fundamental makeup of nature40. Professor Balch point out that fire is something man shouldA. do away withB. keep away fromC. pay a price
60、forD. come to terms withText4【答案】【答案】36. C consumed a record-high percentage of budget37.Araise more fund for fire-prone areas38. C other factors should nod be overlooked1139.Aunderstand the interrelations of man and nature40. D come to terms withPart BDirections:Read the following text and match ea
61、ch of the numbered items in the left column to itscorresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on theANSWE SHEET.(10 minutes)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from DonaldTrump. “We dont make any
62、thing anymore.” he told Fox News, while defending his ownmade-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and furthertrade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look a
63、t the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead ofhaving too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition andoutsourcing. American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomersevery year. Millennials
64、may not be that interested in taking their places. Other industries arerecruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers - and upward pressure onwages. “ Theyre harder to find and they have job offers.” says Jay Dunwell, president ofWolver
65、ine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm. “They may be coming into the workforce, buttheyve been plucked by other industries that are also doing as well as manufacturing.” MrDunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to itsculture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a make
66、r of electrical transformers and welding equipment that hisfather cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers.Five are retiring this year. Mr Roth has three community-college students enrooled in a12work-placement program, with a starting wage of $17 after t
67、wo years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by thecopper coils hes trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. Its his first week on the job.Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school beforeswitching t
68、o electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I loving creating.” he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturing have to clear another major hurdle:parents, who lived through the worst US economic downtown since the Great Despreesion, tellingthem to avoid the factory. Millennials
69、 “remember their father and mother both were laid off. Theyblame it on the manufacturing recessions.” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place,a business development agency western Michigan.There concerns arent misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in1970 to
70、12 million in 2015. When the recovery began, worker strangers first appeared in thehigh-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skilled levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take on skill and those that require a lot of skills.” says robSpohr, a business professor at Montcalm Commu
71、nity College. “Therere enough people to fill thejobs at McDonalds and other places where you dont need to have much skill. Its that gap inbetween, and thats where the problem is.”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community College points to another key to another key toluring Millennials into manufacturin
72、g: a worker/life balance. While their parents were content towork long hours, young people value flexibility. “ Overtime is not attractive to this generation.They really want to live their lives.” she says.A believe that it is important to keep a close eye on the ageof his workers41. Jay DunwellB sa
73、ys that the manufacturing recession is to blame for thelay off of the young peoples parents.42. Jason StenquistC says that for factory owners, workers are harder to findbecause of stiff competition.43. Birgit KlohsD says that he switched to electrical engineering because heloves working with tools.1
74、344. Rob SpohsE points out that the US doesnt manufacture anythinganymore.45. Julie ParksF points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs thatdont need much skill.G points out that a worker/life balance can attract youngpeople into manufacturing.【答案】【答案】41. Jay Dunwell 答案 Csays that for fa
75、ctory owners, workers are harder to find because ofstiff competition.42. Jason Stenquist 答案 Dsays that he switched to electrical engineering because he lovesworking with tools.43. Birgit Klohs 答案 Bsays that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off of theyoung peoples parents.44. Rob S
76、pohr 答案 Fpoints out there are enough people to fill the jobs that dont need muchskill.45. Julie Parks 答 案 Gpoints out that a work/life balance can attract young people intomanufacturing.Section IIITranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into
77、 Chinese. Yourtranslation should be written neat on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing.Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinkingthat I would move on to a fashion design
78、course. However, during that course I realized that I wasnot good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decidedthat it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would14study journalism, because writing was, and
79、 still is, one of my favorite activities. But, to be honest,I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dreamI knew that no onecould imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-relatedcourses that included writing. This is when I noticed
80、the course “Fashion Media & Promotion.”46.【答案】【答案】我总是梦想着在一个与时尚和出版相关的地方工作。在中学毕业前的两年，我参加了一个缝纫和涉及课程，并想着自己会继续去学习一个时尚设计课程。然而，上课期间我意识到自己并不擅长这一领域， 将来也竞争不过其他富有创造力的人才， 因此我断定对我而言，这并非正确的道路。申请大学之前，我告诉大家，我会学习新闻专业，因为写作曾经是，而且现在仍然是，我最喜欢的活动之一。但是，坦诚而言，我之所以这样说，是因为我认为时尚于我只是一个梦想我知道根本没有人能够想象我会从事时尚行业。 因此我决定找一些与时尚有关而又包含写作的
81、课程。恰在那时，我注意到了“时尚媒体与推广”课程。Section IVWritingPartA47. Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture toa group of international students. Write a reply to1)Accept the initation, and2)Introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write ab
82、out 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write your address. (10 points).47.【答案】【答案】Dear Professor Williams,I would like to extend my hearty gratitude to you for your invitation to give a lecture. And Iam very delighted that I could have the opportunit
83、y to introduce Chinese culture to theseinternational students.The key factors for my lecture are as follows. To begin with, I would talk about thedevelopment of Chinese culture, since it can let these students understand China morecomprehensively. Furthermore, I will introduce the communication of C
84、hinese culture withforeign ones, which will help the students have an easier grasp of Chinese culture.Once again, thank you very much for your invitation. I am looking forward to seeing yousoon.Sincerely yours,Li Ming15Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing
85、, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)48.【答案】Here is a line chart, telling us an interesting phenomenon. It goes without saying that thechart records the amount of museums and that of their visitors in China from
86、 2013 to 2015, whichsuccessfully arouses our curiosity. As is clearly reflected by the chart, the numbers of museumsand of tourists have witnessed great changes during the two years. Especially, the sum of visitorshas experienced the most dramatic change, jumping from 637.8 million in 2013 to 781.1
87、million in2015. Obviously, the various inclinations, clearly reflected by the chart, should be given moreconsiderationTheoretically, several reasons may trigger the trend that increasing people are in a large partwilling to go to museums, but for my part, the following two are of great importance. O
88、n the topof list is that the improvement of living standard has offered people abundant time and money tovisit museums. In addition, there is the other point that no one can deny. It is universally admitted16that the growing diversity of museums has attracted more and more people.Taking into account what has been discussed above, we may safely come to the conclusionthat the current situation will continue in the forthcoming years.
