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1、Unit 3 Protecting ourselvesReading Aids todayA news report from the 18th World Aids Day人类关于艾滋病的确切记载大都始于人类关于艾滋病的确切记载大都始于19811981年。在年。在此之前，我们对这种疾病一无所知。我们不知道此之前，我们对这种疾病一无所知。我们不知道在在2020世纪的世纪的7070年代，或者更遥远的过去，有多少年代，或者更遥远的过去，有多少人感染了艾滋病，也不知道它究竟起源于何处。人感染了艾滋病，也不知道它究竟起源于何处。艾滋病从一开始就被笼罩在重重迷雾之中。虽然艾滋病从一开始就被笼罩在重重迷雾
2、之中。虽然众说纷纭，其中不乏合理的猜测和颇有科学依据众说纷纭，其中不乏合理的猜测和颇有科学依据的推论，但还没有哪一种观点能够得到世人的公的推论，但还没有哪一种观点能够得到世人的公认。认。19811981年，美国率先发现了艾滋病。四年后，年，美国率先发现了艾滋病。四年后，艾滋病登陆中国。艾滋病登陆中国。中国的一些艾滋病监测人员起中国的一些艾滋病监测人员起初的习惯是，哪一个地区出现初的习惯是，哪一个地区出现艾滋病感染者，就在地图上那艾滋病感染者，就在地图上那一部分打上红点；一部分打上红点；20002000年，这年，这项工作停止了：中国地图上已项工作停止了：中国地图上已经没有被艾滋病遗漏的省份。经没
3、有被艾滋病遗漏的省份。目前，全球约有目前，全球约有40004000万艾滋病万艾滋病病毒携带者，其中病毒携带者，其中250250万为不足万为不足1515岁的少年。非洲是艾滋病蔓岁的少年。非洲是艾滋病蔓延最严重的大陆，迄今共有延最严重的大陆，迄今共有26602660万艾滋病病毒感染者，万艾滋病病毒感染者，320320万艾滋病患者，死亡万艾滋病患者，死亡230230万人。万人。What do these pictures have in common? Fast-reading for general idea. 1. What is this TV news special about? It g
4、ives some detailed information about aids and how to fight the spread of Aids. 2. How many people around the world are infected with HIV every day? About 14,000 people. 3. What places have been affected by Aids? Almost every country in the world has been affected by Aids. Detailed reading for import
5、ant information (1) What does Aids stand for? Aids stand for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. (2) How many children have been affected by Aids so far? About 18 million children have been affected by Aids, among whom more than 4 million have been killed by Aids and more than 14 million have lost
6、their parents to Aids.(3) How does HIV affect the body? HIV is a virus that enters a persons blood and attacks the bodys immune system, so the immune system is weakened, and them it gradually loses the ability to fight illnesses. Eventually the bodys immune system becomes so weak that the person bec
7、omes sick very easily. (4) What are the three ways Aids is transmitted? The three ways are unprotected sex, blood-to-blood contact and mother-to-child transmission. (5) What is being done in China to help control the Aids epidemic? China is working hard to control the epidemic, and has opened HIV/Ai
8、ds labs to test and monitor the disease across the country. In 2003, the government started providing free Aids drugs for Aids patients in need. (6) What is the aim of UNAIDS? The aim of UNAIDS is to help prevent the spread of Aids. (7) What does UNAIDS so for people who think they might have the vi
9、rus? It provides infected people with help from doctors and testing for people who think they might have HIV or Aids. (8) Why did Ajani not catch the virus from his mother? Because his mother had access to prescription Aids medications during pregnancy. Answers to C2: 1 g 2 e 3 a 4 f 5 b 6 d 7 c Rea
10、ding strategy First, lets read the reading strategy on page 35. Now listen to the recording of the passage, paragraph by paragraph, and, while listening, to pay attention to the last sentence of each paragraph and the first sentence of the next paragraph. Try to find out how a paragraph is linked wi
11、th the next one. Answers to Part D: 1 b 2 e 3 h 4 a 5 f 6 c 7 g 8 d Answers to Part E: 1 epidemic 2 immune system 3 cure 4 serious 5 Africa 6 Argentina 7 monitor 8 prescription 9 efforts 10 prevention 1. Whats the serious situation of Aids in China? Why are there so many Aids patients in China? 2. W
12、hat has been done to deal with the situation by governments and international organization? 3. What should be done and can be done to treat the Aids patients or HIV carriers? 1. Unprotected sex is the most common way that the virus is spread, accounting for 75 percent of adult infections worldwide.
13、(Page 34) common adjective the same in a lot of places or for a lot of people:Eg. Its quite common to see couples who dress alike. The surname Smith is very common in Britain.account for sth. phrasal verb, to form the total of something:Students account for the vast majority of our customers. 2. Alt
14、hough many people are familiar with Aids and how it is transmitted, more than a few people subscribe to the view that HIV and Aids are an African problem because the infection rates there are very high. (Page 34)are familiar with: 熟悉熟悉的；通晓的；通晓的的Are you familiar with this type of car?你熟悉这种型号的汽车吗？你熟悉这
15、种型号的汽车吗？Are you familiar with the rules of baseball?你熟悉棒球规则吗你熟悉棒球规则吗?He is familiar with Chinese ancient history.他通晓中国古代史。他通晓中国古代史。Cf: be familiar to 为某人所熟悉为某人所熟悉The street was familiar to me. more than (1) more than +数量词，表示数量词，表示“以上以上”、“多于多于” More than 500 workers were involved in strikes last mont
16、h (2) more than +形容词形容词/副词副词/动词，表示动词，表示“十分十分”，“非常非常”。 If you tell your father what youve done, hell be more than happy. What he said more than disappointed me. (3) more than名词，表示名词，表示“不仅仅不仅仅”，“不只是不只是” Learning English is more than a newspaper; it can also help to improve our English. (4) more thanca
17、n /could, 意思是意思是“不不能能”,表示否定意义。表示否定意义。 The cold was more than people could bear. 高考链接高考链接-Do you need any help, Lucy?-Yes. The job is _ I could do myself. (2007福建福建)A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than 3. Apart from government efforts, international help has also been very impor
18、tant in fighting Aids in China. (Page 35) apart from: 除除外外 All the children like music apart from Bobby. 除了博比外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。除了博比外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。 The writer lives apart from his family. 作家不与家人同住。作家不与家人同住。 Apart from being too large, the trousers dont suit me. 这条裤子不但太大这条裤子不但太大,而且我穿着也不合适。而且我穿着也不合适。 Apart from
19、 a few words, I do not know any French at all. 除了很少的几句外除了很少的几句外,我对法语一无所知。我对法语一无所知。 Test yourself _ being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. A. Except for B. Apart from C. Or rather D. in spite of 介词介词besides，except，except for，but，apart from 和和 in addition to 在用法上有何区别？在用法上有何区别？ b
20、esides 和和 in addition to 同义，表示同义，表示“除除之外之外(还还)”。但是，当与。但是，当与nothing，nobody或或no one等否定意义的不定代词等否定意义的不定代词连用时，连用时，besides与与except同义，表示同义，表示“除除之外之外(其余都不其余都不)”。 例如：例如： She knows Japanese besides English. In addition to English, she knows Japanese. All of them went to climb the mountain except me. except: 表
21、示表示“除除外，外，(其余都其余都)”，常与，常与“all，every，no，none，nothing”等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。连用。 except for: 它的宾语与前述对象完全是两它的宾语与前述对象完全是两回事。回事。 例如：例如：The room was very cold and, except for Jack, entirely empty. 这个房间很阴冷，而且除了杰克，完全是这个房间很阴冷，而且除了杰克，完全是空荡荡的。空荡荡的。 Except: 指同一类事物的总体中除去一部指同一类事物的总体中除去一部分。分。 如：如：He gets u
22、p early everyday except Sunday. 除星期天外，他每天早起。除星期天外，他每天早起。 Except that: 后面跟从句，语意与上同。后面跟从句，语意与上同。 But: 常可与常可与 except互换，强调互换，强调“不在其不在其中中”。 例如：例如：Everyone attended the meeting but Mary. 大家都出席了这次会议，但玛丽不在其列。大家都出席了这次会议，但玛丽不在其列。 besides: 强调强调“除此之外，还包括除此之外，还包括”。 例如：例如：She can speak French and Japanese besides
23、 English. 除英语外，她还会讲法语和日语。除英语外，她还会讲法语和日语。 apart from: 其含义主要依据上下文而定，其含义主要依据上下文而定，有时可与有时可与except换用，有时可代替换用，有时可代替besides. 例如：例如：Apart from the coat, the hat doesnt suit me. 除价钱太贵，这帽子也不适合我戴。除价钱太贵，这帽子也不适合我戴。 4. Their story was so sad that I had to choke back sobs. (Page 37) choke: verb 哽咽，咽住，卡住哽咽，咽住，卡住 Sh
24、e choked to death on a fish bone.Children can choke on peanuts. choke sth. back If you choke back feelings or tears, you force yourself not to show how angry or upset you are: John has had an accident, she said, choking back the tears. Test yourself 1. Hearing her mean words, I stood there trembling
25、 and tying to _ tears. A. choke out B. choke on C. choke back D. choke up 5. If everyone in world spent just a penny on it, we could make a really big difference! (Page 37) make a difference 有影响，很重要有影响，很重要; 区别区别对待对待 What you have done now will make a difference to your future. A year or two will make a great difference to us. Hueper made a difference between the two things. Homework 1. Finish Parts A1 and A2 on page 114 in the Workbook. 2. Prepare the part Word power.同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
