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1、Unit 6When was it invented?n.冰箱冰箱/frid/adj.低的；矮的低的；矮的/lu/pron.某人某人n.重要人重要人/smbdi/v.翻译翻译/trnsleit/v.锁上；锁住锁上；锁住n.锁锁/lk/,/la:k/v.发出铃声；打电话发出铃声；打电话/ri/n.地震地震/:(r)kweik/fridgelowsomebodytranslatelockringearthquakeWordsandexpressionsadj.突然（的）突然（的）/sdn/突然；猛地突然；猛地n.钟（声）；铃（声）钟（声）；铃（声）/bel/n.饼干饼干/biskit/n.曲奇饼曲
2、奇饼/kuki/adj.音乐的；有音乐天赋的音乐的；有音乐天赋的/mju:zikl/n.器械；仪器；工具器械；仪器；工具/instrmnt/suddenallofasuddenbellbiscuitcookiemusicalinstrumentWordsandexpressionsWhenwerethefollowingthingsinvented?Choosetherighttime.197619671876178618851727hotice-creamscoopshoeswithlightsshoeswithspecialheelsWhat are these and what are
3、they used for?changingthestyleoftheshoesseeinginthedarkservingreallycoldice-creamWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?Itsusedforservingre
4、allycoldice-cream.Activevoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.Passivevoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.GrammarFocusGrammarFocus1.一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构肯定句肯定句主语主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词（+by）否定句否定句主语主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词词（+by)疑问句疑问句Was/We
5、re+主语主语+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词（+by)?特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+was/were+主语主语+及物动词的及物动词的过去分词过去分词（+by.)?2.一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法用法用法示例示例表示过去某一具体时表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作，且句间发生的动作，且句子的主语是谓语动词子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者动作的承受者Thehousewasbuiltin1990.这所房子建于这所房子建于1990年。年。讲述发生在过去的动讲述发生在过去的动作，且不知道动作的作，且不知道动作的执行者执行者Hewashonoredwiththename“Fat
6、herofHybridRice”.他被授予他被授予“杂交水稻杂交水稻之父之父”的称号。的称号。含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，通常把指通常把指 “人人”的间接宾语变为主语，的间接宾语变为主语，而指而指“物物”的直接宾语则不变的直接宾语则不变 Hegavemeabookyesterday.Iwasgivenabook(byhim)yesterday3. 含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态的方法语态的方法如果要把指如果要把指“物物”的直接宾语变为主语，则的直接宾语变为主语，则在在 间接宾语前加间接宾语前加to或或forIbr
7、oughthimsomefood.Somefoodwasbroughttohim(byme).含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，要含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，要 将其中的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。将其中的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。JimaskedTomtogoforawalk.Tomwasasked(byJim)togoforawalk. 如果宾语补足语是不带如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式，的动词不定式， 主动语态变成被动语态时要加上不定式符主动语态变成被动语态时要加上不定式符 号号 toWeoftenheardKatesingintheroom.Katewasofte
8、nheardtosingintheroom(byus).4a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?Wherewerethesephotostaken?4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.
9、Wewereadvisednottogooutalonebyourparents.5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.1.You_tothepartylastnight,werentyou?Whydidntyougo?2.Theearthquakeha
10、ppenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_toasafeplace.eatlocklikeringinvitebreaktellbringwereinvitedwerebrought3.Thedoor_whenwearrived,sowe_thebell.4.Thestudents_nottoeatordrinkinclass.ButRuby_therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies_bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyr
11、eally_them.waslockedrangweretoldbrokewereeatenliked4c Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.Thetelephone_(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He_(born)in1847.Mr.Bell_(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.In1875,Mr.Bell_(
12、learn)howtosendmusicalnoteswasinventedwasbornworkedlearntthroughaninstrumentsimilartoatelephone.Finally,thetelephone_(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat_(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone_(use)aroundtheworld.wasinventedwassaidisusedExplanation1.Theyso
13、ldthefridgeatalowprice.他们以低价出售这台冰箱。他们以低价出售这台冰箱。low形容词，意为形容词，意为“低的；矮的低的；矮的”，常用短语常用短语atalowprice意为意为“以低价以低价”。Shejumpedoverthelowwall.她跳过了那堵矮墙。她跳过了那堵矮墙。Thissweaterisonsaleatalowprice.这件毛衣正以低价出售。这件毛衣正以低价出售。2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.有人从我的宾馆房间里偷走了照相机。有人从我的宾馆房间里偷走了照相机。somebody不定代词，意为不定代词，意为“某人
14、；重要人某人；重要人 物物”，用于肯定句中。作主语时谓语动词用单，用于肯定句中。作主语时谓语动词用单 数形式，其同义词为数形式，其同义词为someone。Thereissomebodywaitingtoseeyou.有人在等着见你。有人在等着见你。anybody不定代词，意为不定代词，意为“有人有人”，常用于否定，常用于否定句句 和疑问句中；用于肯定句中意为和疑问句中；用于肯定句中意为“任何人任何人”。Isthereanybodywhocanhelpme?有人能帮我吗？有人能帮我吗？Anybodycandotheworkwell.任何人都能把这项工作做好。任何人都能把这项工作做好。3.Thee
15、arthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagerswerebroughttoasafeplace.突然发生了地震，但幸运的是突然发生了地震，但幸运的是,村民们被带到村民们被带到了一个安全的地方。了一个安全的地方。(1)sudden(happeningquicklyandunexpectedly)形容词，意为形容词，意为“突然突然(的的)”。Therewasasuddenchangeintheweather.天气突然变了。天气突然变了。(2)allofasudden意为意为“突然；猛地突然；猛地”，相当于副词，相当于副词suddenly。He
16、cametousallofasudden.=Hesuddenlycametous.他突然朝我们走来。他突然朝我们走来。ExercisesExercises1.(2013.陕西陕西)Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeopleslifealotsinceit_.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinvented2.(2013.上海上海)_iswaitingforyouatthegate.Hewantstosaythankstoyou.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.EverybodyD.NobodyDI. I. 单项选择。单项
17、选择。A3.AttheendofthemeetingMissGreen_twominutestodecidewhethersheshouldjointheprojectornot.A.gaveB.giveC.wasgivenD.wasgiving4.ThemixturesmeltterriblebutTom_tasteit.A.wasmadetoB.wasmadeC.madetoD.madeCA5.DidyougotoJacksbirthdayparty?No,I_.A.amnotinvitedB.wasntinvitedC.haventinvitedD.didntinvite6.Theboo
18、kBusiness the Speed of Thought_in1999.A.writesB.iswrittenC.wroteD.waswrittenBD7._anewlibrary_inyourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;builtD.Did;built8.Theearthisourhome.It_well.A.mustbeprotectedB.shouldprotectC.needprotectD.shouldprotectedBA1.Theyoungmansavedthelivesofthechildren.Thelivesof
19、thechildrenweresavedbytheyoungman.2.Thevillagersdidntfindthelostboyatlast.Thelostboywasntfoundbythevillagersatlast.II. II. 将下列句子改为被动语态。将下列句子改为被动语态。3.Didyoucleanupyourroomlastnight?Wasyourroomcleaneduplastnight?4.MymotherboughtmeanewCDplayer.IwasboughtanewCDplayerbymymother./AnewCDplayerwasboughtformebymymother.5.WesawJimcomein.Jimwasseentocomein.Homework Masterwhatyouhavelearnedinthislesson.Learntotalkaboutthehistoryofinventionswiththepassivevoiceinthesimplepasttense.
