中国服装发展史全解

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1、中国服装发展史中国服装发展史the phylogeny of Chinas costume 原始服饰originalcostumen nTheoriginalcostumewasrecoveredbytheimaginethatTheoriginalcostumewasrecoveredbytheimaginethataccordingtospiculaandsomeotherclothes-madetoolscameaccordingtospiculaandsomeotherclothes-madetoolscameupofland.Beforetheinventionofspintechn

2、ology,zoicfurupofland.Beforetheinventionofspintechnology,zoicfurweremainlymaterial.Atthattimetherewasnolineandweremainlymaterial.Atthattimetherewasnolineandrope,sothezoicligamentmaybeusedtomakeclothes.Thenrope,sothezoicligamentmaybeusedtomakeclothes.Thenandtherepeoplehadwornheadgearcollapsibleandwri

3、stletandtherepeoplehadwornheadgearcollapsibleandwristletwhichweremadebycruderockteethfishboneandshellsinwhichweremadebycruderockteethfishboneandshellsinthesea.Thereasonwhywheyworethesethingswasnotonlythesea.Thereasonwhywheyworethesethingswasnotonlyforbeingbeautifulbutalsothecommemorateforvictory.for

4、beingbeautifulbutalsothecommemorateforvictory.n n原始服饰原始服饰 根据出土的骨针、骨锥等制衣工具想象复原的。在纺根据出土的骨针、骨锥等制衣工具想象复原的。在纺织技术尚未发明之前,动物的毛皮是人们服装的主要材料。当织技术尚未发明之前,动物的毛皮是人们服装的主要材料。当时还没有绳、线,可能用动物韧带来缝制衣服。当时已经有头时还没有绳、线,可能用动物韧带来缝制衣服。当时已经有头饰、颈饰和腕饰等,材料有天然美石、兽齿鱼骨和海里的贝壳饰、颈饰和腕饰等,材料有天然美石、兽齿鱼骨和海里的贝壳等,当时佩戴这些饰物,可能不仅是为了装饰,也许还包含着等,当时佩戴这

5、些饰物,可能不仅是为了装饰,也许还包含着对渔猎胜利的纪念。对渔猎胜利的纪念。商代的发式ThehairstyleinShangDynastyn nPlaitsweremadejustsomeparts(ThepicturewasthePlaitsweremadejustsomeparts(ThepicturewastheJadePersonexcavatedinanyangstomb,henanJadePersonexcavatedinanyangstomb,henanprovince.province.n nInShangDynasty,menmostlyhadplaits.InShangDy

6、nasty,menmostlyhadplaits.n n商代的发式商代的发式 辫发局部(河南安阳股墟妇好墓出土的玉人)。商代男辫发局部(河南安阳股墟妇好墓出土的玉人)。商代男子发式,以梳辫发为主。子发式,以梳辫发为主。商代发式骨笄ShangDynastyshairstyle-gujin nThepicturewastheprimarythingshandeddownfromThepicturewastheprimarythingshandeddownfromancienttimesandnowwerecollectedinthemuseuminancienttimesandnowwerecol

7、lectedinthemuseuminShanghai.TheliwasusedtofixupbobinShangDynasty.Shanghai.TheliwasusedtofixupbobinShangDynasty.Inaddition,thengirlswithfifteen-yearoldwerecalledInaddition,thengirlswithfifteen-yearoldwerecalledadults,andtheycouldmarried,theycalledji.adults,andtheycouldmarried,theycalledji.n n商代发式商代发式

8、 商代骨笄(传世实物,原件现藏上海博物馆)。笄是我国商代骨笄(传世实物,原件现藏上海博物馆)。笄是我国在新时器时代就有的用来固定发髻。周代男女都用笄在新时器时代就有的用来固定发髻。周代男女都用笄 从周代起,女从周代起,女子年满十五岁便算成人,可以子年满十五岁便算成人,可以 许嫁,谓之及笄。如果没有许嫁,许嫁,谓之及笄。如果没有许嫁,到二十岁时也要举行笄礼,由一个妇人给及龄女子梳一个发髻,插上到二十岁时也要举行笄礼,由一个妇人给及龄女子梳一个发髻,插上一支笄,礼后再取下。一支笄,礼后再取下。商周贵族服饰商周贵族服饰商周贵族服饰商周贵族服饰ThenoblefineryinShangDynastyn

9、 nn nThemainlycolorusedinthatdayswaswarmThemainlycolorusedinthatdayswaswarmcolor,especiallyyellowandred.Butblueandcolor,especiallyyellowandred.Butblueandgreenwereexist.(thepicturewasrecoveredbygreenwereexist.(thepicturewasrecoveredbytheyurenscostumecameupoutofland)theyurenscostumecameupoutofland)n n

10、商周贵族服饰商周贵族服饰 这个时期的织物颜色,以暖色为多,尤其以黄红为主,这个时期的织物颜色,以暖色为多,尤其以黄红为主,间有棕色和褐色,但并不等于不存在篮、绿等冷色。(根据出土玉人间有棕色和褐色,但并不等于不存在篮、绿等冷色。(根据出土玉人服饰复原绘制)服饰复原绘制)东周男子服饰东周男子服饰MensraimentsinDongzhouCostume in Zhou Dynasty followed of that Costume in Zhou Dynasty followed of that in Shang Dynasty.The style just as the in Shang D

11、ynasty.The style just as the picture shows.There was no button in this picture shows.There was no button in this period, Belt was tied on the waist.period, Belt was tied on the waist.东周男子服饰东周男子服饰 周代服饰大致沿袭商代的服制,只是略有周代服饰大致沿袭商代的服制,只是略有变化。如图所示的样式。这个时期的服装还没有扭扣,一变化。如图所示的样式。这个时期的服装还没有扭扣,一般在腰间系带,有的在带上还挂有玉制的

12、饰物。般在腰间系带,有的在带上还挂有玉制的饰物。战国胡服Thehufuintheperiodofsevencountrescoexistence. Therewasobviouschangeincostumeinthisperiod,forexamplethehufu.Therewasobviouschangeincostumeinthisperiod,forexamplethehufu.Hufuisactuallyminorityscostumewhichcamefromnorthwest.TheHufuisactuallyminorityscostumewhichcamefromnorth

13、west.Thecostumewasmuchdifferentfromthezhongyuanarea,itwasusuallyshortcostumewasmuchdifferentfromthezhongyuanarea,itwasusuallyshortcoatpantalettesandlongshoes.Theadvantageofthecostumewasthatitcoatpantalettesandlongshoes.Theadvantageofthecostumewasthatitwaseasytoactivity.Thefirstkingwhousedthiscostume

14、wasthekingofwaseasytoactivity.Thefirstkingwhousedthiscostumewasthekingofzhaolingwuwhowastheearliestinnovatorinzhaolingwuwhowastheearliestinnovatorinthe the phylogeny of Chinas phylogeny of Chinas costume.costume. 战国胡服战国胡服 战国时期的服饰有较明显的变化,比较重要的是胡服的流行。所战国时期的服饰有较明显的变化,比较重要的是胡服的流行。所谓胡服,实际上是西北地区少数民族的服装,它与

15、中原地区宽衣博带式汉族谓胡服,实际上是西北地区少数民族的服装,它与中原地区宽衣博带式汉族服装有较大差异,一般为短衣、长裤和革靴,衣身瘦窄,便于活动。首先采服装有较大差异,一般为短衣、长裤和革靴,衣身瘦窄,便于活动。首先采用这种服装的赵武灵王,是中国服饰史上最早一位改革者。这种服装最初用用这种服装的赵武灵王,是中国服饰史上最早一位改革者。这种服装最初用于军中,后来传入民间,成为一种普遍的装束。左图为穿窄袖短衣的杂技艺于军中,后来传入民间,成为一种普遍的装束。左图为穿窄袖短衣的杂技艺人(战国铜人,传世实物,原件现在美国华府弗里尔美术馆)。中图为穿窄人(战国铜人,传世实物,原件现在美国华府弗里尔美术

16、馆)。中图为穿窄袖短衣胡服的奴仆(河北满城出土当户灯铜人)。右图为戴冠、穿齐膝窄袖袖短衣胡服的奴仆(河北满城出土当户灯铜人)。右图为戴冠、穿齐膝窄袖胡服的男子(河南三门峡上村岭出土战国铜人)。胡服的男子(河南三门峡上村岭出土战国铜人)。楚国贵妇服饰TherichwomenscostumeinChuperiod primary one until now.primary one until now. The clothe showed is came up out of land from Chu tomb in The clothe showed is came up out of land

17、from Chu tomb in Hubei province and the clothe was the earliestHubei province and the clothe was the earliest (湖北江陵马砖一号楚墓出土实物)。楚墓出土的战国中期服饰实物,(湖北江陵马砖一号楚墓出土实物)。楚墓出土的战国中期服饰实物,有绢、罗、锦、纱、绦等各种衣着十余件,为目前所见的最早的实物。有绢、罗、锦、纱、绦等各种衣着十余件,为目前所见的最早的实物。通常用两种颜色的彩条纹锦镶沿通常用两种颜色的彩条纹锦镶沿WarriorscostumeinZhanperiod战国武士服饰Thepi

18、ctureshowedwasalsoaprimarytruththingwhichThepictureshowedwasalsoaprimarytruththingwhichcameupoutoflandfromLiaoningprovince.cameupoutoflandfromLiaoningprovince.战国武士服饰战国武士服饰 春秋时期的青铜盔帽春秋时期的青铜盔帽( (辽宁出土实物辽宁出土实物) )。当。当时戴这种盔帽的武士,头都要裹头巾。时戴这种盔帽的武士,头都要裹头巾。MensqujuinHanDanysty汉代男子曲裾ThePictureshowedbelowwasjust

19、arecovedone汉代长冠the long coronal in Han DynasyIn Han Dynasty, functionary had to wear the long coronal.戴长冠、穿袍服的官员(湖南长沙马王堆汉墓出土着衣木俑)。长冠,汉高祖刘邦先前戴之,用竹皮编制,故称刘氏冠Emperors costume in Han Dynasty汉代皇帝冕服The picture was recovered. The mianyu on the emperors costume was the important symbol to distinguish gentle

20、and simple.本图根据文献记载及图案资料复原绘制,冕冠,是古代帝王臣僚参加祭祀典礼时所戴礼冠。冕冠的顶部,有一块前圆后方的长方形冕板,冕板前后垂有“冕旒”。冕旒依数量及质料的不同,是区分贵贱尊卑的重要标志。汉代将官铠甲General officers loricae in Han DynastyThe Chin Dynasty was the dynasy that the data was the most widely , and the most detailed. All of that due to the discovery of the military forces t

21、omb figure. Their loricae costume put up sterm grade system.秦代是我国历史上至今资料最全面、最准确、最详细的朝代,这有归功于秦始皇陵兵马俑的发现。他们的铠甲服饰装束表现出森严的等级制度。WomensqujucostumeinChinDynasty秦汉妇女曲裾 Thelapoftheskirtwasusuallyassumedbugleshape,soThelapoftheskirtwasusuallyassumedbugleshape,sowhentheywerewalkingthefeetwerehided.Anotherwhent

22、heywerewalkingthefeetwerehided.Anothergraitwasthateverycollarshouldbeshowedoutsidesograitwasthateverycollarshouldbeshowedoutsidesothereweresomanyfloorsattheneckline.thereweresomanyfloorsattheneckline. 下摆一般呈喇叭状,行不露足。通常用交领,领口很低,以便露出里下摆一般呈喇叭状,行不露足。通常用交领,领口很低,以便露出里衣。如穿几件衣服,每层领子必露于外,最多的达三层以上,时称衣。如穿几件衣服,每

23、层领子必露于外,最多的达三层以上,时称“ “三重衣三重衣” ”。EnjoysomepicturesofcostumethecostumethatbureaucracyworeinTangDynasty唐代官吏常服袍衫 中晚唐回鹘女服隋唐胄甲隋唐胄甲 辽代北班服饰ThepictureshowedwasthegoldbeltwhichwastiedonThepictureshowedwasthegoldbeltwhichwastiedonthewaist.Additionallythepictureshowedwasthethewaist.Additionallythepictureshowedw

24、astheprimarythingcameupoutofland.primarythingcameupoutofland.此图为金饰蹀腰带(辽宁辽墓出土实物)此图为金饰蹀腰带(辽宁辽墓出土实物)金代贵族服饰NoblecostumeinGoldDynastyPeopleinGoldDynastylikedtousebirdsandbeastasPeopleinGoldDynastylikedtousebirdsandbeastastheirvignette,especiallydeer.Suchdecorativetraitwastheirvignette,especiallydeer.Such

25、decorativetraitwasreflectedalottothecostume.Oneofreasonwhythereflectedalottothecostume.Oneofreasonwhythepatternofdeerusedagreatdealwasthebeautifulpatternofdeerusedagreatdealwasthebeautifulfigureofdeer.Theotheronewasthatdeerhadthefigureofdeer.Theotheronewasthatdeerhadthesamepronunciationas“lu”,andinC

26、hineselumeanssamepronunciationas“lu”,andinChineselumeanspropitious.propitious. 金代的装饰图案喜用禽兽,尤喜用鹿。这种装饰特点,在衣冠服饰上也得到金代的装饰图案喜用禽兽,尤喜用鹿。这种装饰特点,在衣冠服饰上也得到大量的反映,鹿的图案大量被采用,除其本身的外形较为优美,便于用作装大量的反映,鹿的图案大量被采用,除其本身的外形较为优美,便于用作装饰外,还有一个原因,即鹿与汉字的饰外,还有一个原因,即鹿与汉字的“ “禄禄” ”同音,富有吉祥的含意。本图所同音,富有吉祥的含意。本图所绘的裙字图案,即饰有鹿纹。明清时期,鹿的图

27、案虽然没有被收进官员补服,绘的裙字图案,即饰有鹿纹。明清时期,鹿的图案虽然没有被收进官员补服,但在民间仍属常用,比较多见的是将它与但在民间仍属常用,比较多见的是将它与“ “福福” ”字和字和“ “寿寿” ”字配合在一起,字配合在一起,名谓名谓“ “福、禄、寿福、禄、寿” ”。NobleusualcostumeinYuanDynastyThehalfsleevegoldcostumeinYuanDynasty元代织金锦半袖元代织金锦半袖Gold was used to make clothesGold was used to make clothesin Yuan Dynasty, and th

28、e methodin Yuan Dynasty, and the methodwas mainly used in the palace.was mainly used in the palace.The noble in Song Dynasty alsoThe noble in Song Dynasty alsouse gold in mading clothes.use gold in mading clothes.元代织金锦袍与半袖元代织金锦袍与半袖 本图为织金锦半袖展示图。本图为织金锦半袖展示图。元代服装大量用金,超过以往历代。织物加金,元代服装大量用金,超过以往历代。织物加金,早在

29、秦代以前就已出现。至于汉族服饰上得到早在秦代以前就已出现。至于汉族服饰上得到运用,时间大约在东汉或东汉以后,而且主要运用,时间大约在东汉或东汉以后,而且主要在宫廷中使用。在宫廷中使用。HanchuwomenscostumeinYuanDynasty元代汉族妇女服饰元代汉族妇女服饰 ThepictureshowedwastheprimarythingcameupoutThepictureshowedwastheprimarythingcameupoutofland.ofland.元代汉族妇女服饰实物元代汉族妇女服饰实物 图中展示的服饰大都从无锡市郊图中展示的服饰大都从无锡市郊一座元墓中取出一座元

30、墓中取出EmperorsusualcostumeinMingDynasty明代皇帝常服明代皇帝常服 明代皇后大袖衣EmpressscostumeinMingDynasty明代官吏麒麟袍BureaucracysKylinrobeinMingDynasty明代服饰龙袍明代服饰龙袍CostumeinMingDynasty-Thedragonrobe MensusualcostumeinMingDynastyRuskirtinMingDynastyRUskirtwastheprimarycostumeinTangDynasty.Themostlycolorofruskirtwaswhite. 襦裙穿戴

31、展示图。上襦下裙的服装形式,是唐代妇女的主要服饰。裙襦裙穿戴展示图。上襦下裙的服装形式,是唐代妇女的主要服饰。裙子的颜色,初尚浅淡,虽有纹饰,但并不明显。裙子多为素白子的颜色,初尚浅淡,虽有纹饰,但并不明显。裙子多为素白. .清代皇帝朝服清代皇帝朝服EmperorscostumeinQingDynastyThereweresomanysortsofclothesamongemperorscostume.YellowwasthemainlyusedinEmperorscostume.Emperorwouldwearclothewithblueonlywhensacrifice.清代皇帝服饰有朝服

32、、吉服、常服、行服等。朝清代皇帝服饰有朝服、吉服、常服、行服等。朝服的颜色以黄色为主,以明黄为贵,只有在祭祀服的颜色以黄色为主,以明黄为贵,只有在祭祀天时用蓝色。天时用蓝色。清代皇帝龙袍EmperorsdragonrobeinQingDynasty清代皇后凤袍EmpresssphoenixrobeinQingDynastyEmpressscostumeinQingDynastyEmpressscostumeinQingDynastyEmpresssusualcostumewassimilarwithManEmpresssusualcostumewassimilarwithManchunoble

33、costume.chunoblecostume.TheclotheshowedhadbeenembroideredeightTheclotheshowedhadbeenembroideredeightphoenixesandseveraltreepeonies.phoenixesandseveraltreepeonies. 清代皇后服饰清代皇后服饰 皇后常服样式,与满族贵妇服饰基本相似皇后常服样式,与满族贵妇服饰基本相似. .本图展示的本图展示的服装纹样为凤穿牡丹。整件服装在鲜艳的蓝色缎地上,绣八只彩凤,服装纹样为凤穿牡丹。整件服装在鲜艳的蓝色缎地上,绣八只彩凤,彩凤中间,穿插数朵牡丹。牡丹的

34、颜色处理得净穆而素雅,色彩变化彩凤中间,穿插数朵牡丹。牡丹的颜色处理得净穆而素雅,色彩变化惟妙,具有传统的山水画特点。与此相反,凤的颜色比较浓重,红绿惟妙,具有传统的山水画特点。与此相反,凤的颜色比较浓重,红绿对比度极为强烈,具有典型民族风格和时代特色。此图为皇后所穿的对比度极为强烈,具有典型民族风格和时代特色。此图为皇后所穿的凤袍展示图。凤袍展示图。晚清云肩Amice at the afternoon of Qing dynastyTheamiceinQingDynasycalledyujian.YujiancameTheamiceinQingDynasycalledyujian.Yujia

35、ncameintobeingduringtheperiodoffive-generation.Andintobeingduringtheperiodoffive-generation.AndwomeninMingDynasyuseditasornamentwhenwomeninMingDynasyuseditasornamentwhenwearingfulldress.Cixisyujianwereallmadebythebigwearingfulldress.Cixisyujianwereallmadebythebigandorbicularpearls.Sometimesoneyujian

36、includedandorbicularpearls.Sometimesoneyujianincluded3500piecesofpearls.3500piecesofpearls. 云肩为妇女披在肩上的装饰物。五代时已有。明代的妇女作为礼服上云肩为妇女披在肩上的装饰物。五代时已有。明代的妇女作为礼服上的装饰。清代妇女在婚礼服上也用。清末江南妇女梳低垂的发髻,恐的装饰。清代妇女在婚礼服上也用。清末江南妇女梳低垂的发髻,恐怕衣服肩部被发髻油腻沾污,故多在肩部戴云肩怕衣服肩部被发髻油腻沾污,故多在肩部戴云肩. .慈禧所用的云肩,慈禧所用的云肩,有的是又大又圆的珍珠缉成的,一件云肩用有的是又大又圆的

37、珍珠缉成的,一件云肩用35003500颗珍珠穿织而成。本颗珍珠穿织而成。本图为晚清云肩实物。图为晚清云肩实物。清代八旗兵甲胄zhouzhou晚清刺绣衬衣晚清刺绣衬衣The inwrought underlinenThecourtdressinQingDynastywaslongclothingwhichtherewerefivebuttons.Qingdynastywomensunderlinenwerethedailyclothesforwomen.清代宫廷服饰清代宫廷服饰 有五粒钮扣的长衣,清代女式衬有五粒钮扣的长衣,清代女式衬衣是妇女的一般日常便服。本图为晚清凤凰牡丹衣是妇女的一般日常便

38、服。本图为晚清凤凰牡丹金寿字纹刺绣衬衣金寿字纹刺绣衬衣Womenscoatskirtinlatter-day近代妇女袄裙Thecoatskirtbecamepopularatthebeginningofthepeoplecountry.Atthebeginningthestylewassimilarastheqizhuangofmanchu.Beforelongcuffbecamesmallerandsmaller.Attheendof20s,withtheinfluencedofoccident,thestyleofcheong-samchangedobviously.民国初年,在这一时期上

39、衣下裙最为流行,二十年代,旗袍开始普及。其样式与清末旗装没有多少差别。但不久,袖口逐渐缩小,滚边也不如从前那样宽阔。至二十年代末,因受欧美服装的影响,旗袍的样式也有了明显的改变Latter-dayCheong-sam近代旗袍Cheong-sam came from Qizhuang of man chu womens costume. The central point of man chu cheong-sam was broad, flat, long to feet, and was made of silk. The clothes were made full of flowerag

40、e and there were broad chiffon at the side of the clothes.旗袍源于满族妇女服饰中的旗装。满族旗袍主要旗袍源于满族妇女服饰中的旗装。满族旗袍主要 特点为宽特点为宽大、平直,衣长及足,材料多用绸缎,衣上绣满花纹,领、大、平直,衣长及足,材料多用绸缎,衣上绣满花纹,领、衣、襟、裾都滚有宽阔的花边衣、襟、裾都滚有宽阔的花边。Latter-day Cheong-sam近代旗袍 From the end of the Qing Dynasty to 30s, there were different changes in different epo

41、ch on the sleeve and lap of cheong-sam.The sleeve changed from broad to narrow,from long to short;while lap changed from long to short and again from short to long which were all depended on the vicissitude. 从清末民初到三十年代,旗袍在袖子及下摆部分,在不同时期有不同的变化:袖子从宽到窄,从长到短;下摆从长到短,再由短到长,完全随着时代的变迁而变迁。本图为彩绣曲襟低领旗袍,为二十年代末期的样式Thats all! thank u !太谷中学太谷中学351351班班 小组编号:小组编号:10351111035111指导老师:杨瑜静指导老师:杨瑜静组长:邱博阳组长:邱博阳成员:曹宇,杨源,白杨成员:曹宇,杨源,白杨曹宇制作

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