初中英语专题一

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1、专题一 听力 听听力力是是中中考考英英语语测测试试中中比比较较固固定定的的测测试试题题型型, 它它主主要要用用来来考考查查考考生生通通过过听听录录音音材材料料获获取取语语言言信信息息和和迅迅速速处处理理信信息息的的能能力力。由由于于平平时时受受语语言言环环境境的的限限制制，听听力力一一直直是是大大部部分分考考生生比比较较头头疼疼的的试试题题类类型型，听听力力测测试试成成绩绩好好坏坏与与学学生生平平时时英英语语基基础础知知识识的的掌掌握握情情况况有有直直接接关关系系。要要做做好好听听力力试试卷卷除除了了要要有有好好的的听听力力水水平平、较较强强的的口口语语交交流流能能力力和和心心理理承承受受能能

2、力力外外，还还需需要要掌掌握握一一定定的的听听力技巧。力技巧。一、精神集中，心理放松一、精神集中，心理放松 如如果果听听录录音音时时积积极极主主动动、心心态态放放松松，就就可可以以最最大大限限度度的的发发挥挥听听者者的的正正常常水水平平。急急躁躁是是影影响响听听力力的的大大敌敌，不不少少考考生生一一遇遇到到听听不不懂懂的的单单词词、短短语语或或句句子子就就会会紧紧张张、抱抱怨怨，导导致致精精力力分分散散，最最终导终导致听力失致听力失败败。二、快速二、快速浏览浏览，做好，做好预预判判 中中考考试试卷卷都都是是提提前前几几分分钟钟发发卷卷，考考生生必必须须充充分分利利用用这这一一空空隙隙时时间间迅

3、迅速速略略读读听听力力试试题题，了了解解题题型型和和要要求求，根根据据题题目目所所给给选选项项分分析析、猜猜测测各各题题有有可可能能考考查查的的内内容容，缩缩小小听听力力的的范范围围，以以便便听听时时有所有所侧侧重，从而提高听力解重，从而提高听力解题题效率和正确率。效率和正确率。三、捕捉信息，三、捕捉信息，预测预测内容内容 听听的的过过程程是是一一个个复复杂杂的的过过程程。学学生生在在听听力力理理解解过过程程中中，根根据据所所听听到到的的片片面面信信息息或或已已给给出出的的选选项项内内容容，大大胆胆预预测测将将要要听听到到的内容。因此在平的内容。因此在平时时的学的学习习中要熟悉特定中要熟悉特定

4、场场合的合的对话对话。例如：。例如：典型例典型例题题: 备选项备选项: A. $36 B. $38 C. $48听力听力录录音原文音原文: M: What can I do for you? W: I am looking for a scarf. . . . W: How much is it? M: The long one is $38, but the short one is $36. Q: How much is the short one? 解解题题技技巧巧：从从选选项项中中可可以以看看出出，该该题题考考查查的的是是有有关关购购物物的的话话题题， 听听力力的的重重点点放放在在询询

5、问问物物品品的的价价格格上上，听听准准价价格格数数字字是是关关键键，答答案案为为A项项。四、四、领领悟关悟关键键, 有的放矢有的放矢 听听力力题题与与笔笔试试题题的的不不同同之之处处主主要要在在于于它它的的“过过时时不不候候”，但但其其与与阅阅读读理理解解题题却却有有着着相相似似之之处处，即即看看懂懂大大意意即即可可，无无须须逐逐词词明明白白，在在理理解解句句意意的的前前提提下下抓抓住住关关键键词词。听听第第一一遍遍录录音音时时，考考生生一一般般会会有有个个别别词词句句未未听听懂懂，切切不不可可因因此此停停留留在在未未听听懂懂的的词词句句上上，应应跟跟着着听听力力材材料料走走，可可以以先先跳跳

6、过过去去，听听下下一一句句。考考生生记记录录有有关关信信息息时时，为为了了节节约约时时间间, 可可用用一一些些最最简简单单的的符符号号来来记记录录关关键键词词。听听第第二二遍遍录录音音时时，结结合合预预测测和和所所给给选选项项，重重点点抓抓关关键键词词，领领悟主旨。悟主旨。五、注重五、注重语语境境逻辑逻辑推理，仔推理，仔细细推敲推敲 中中考考听听力力试试题题中中，有有些些题题的的答答案案不不能能从从听听力力材材料料中中直直接接获获得得，它它需需要要在在理理解解大大意意的的基基础础上上进进一一步步推推敲敲，方方可可找找到到正正确确答答案。案。典型例典型例题题：备选项备选项：A. 15 B. 16

7、 C. 17 D. 18听力听力录录音原文音原文: M: How old are you, Mary? W: My sister is 14 years old, I am two years older than her. Q: How old is Mary? 解解题题技技巧巧：只只听听到到“14 years old”是是不不对对的的，听听到到的的只只是是片片面面信信息息，需需要要进进一一步步推推敲敲。根根据据句句子子I am two years older than her可知可知Mary是是16岁岁了，因此答案了，因此答案为为B项项。六、核六、核对对答案，答案，查查缺缺补补漏漏 听听力

8、力测测试试录录音音结结束束后后，先先查查对对录录音音内内容容，完完成成漏漏做做的的题题目目，然后根据平然后根据平时时掌握的掌握的语语言基言基础础知知识识，检查检查答案是否正确。答案是否正确。 考点一考点一 句子理解句子理解 句句子子理理解解是是全全国国各各地地市市英英语语中中考考的的常常见见题题型型，所所听听句句子子的的时时代代性性、交交际际性性和和实实用用性性越越来来越越强强，考考查查角角度度更更加加强强调调捕捕捉捉信信息息能能力力、整整体体理理解解和和应应答答能能力力，最最近近全全国国各各地地最最常常见见的的题题型型是是听听句句子子选选择择正正确确的的答答语语和和听听句句子子选选择择图图片

9、片两两种种。在在今今后后的的备备考考过过程中我程中我们们要重点要重点训练这训练这两种两种题题型。型。. 听五个句子，分听五个句子，分别选择别选择其相其相应应的的应应答答语语。每个句子。每个句子读读两遍。两遍。（2012铜铜仁中考）仁中考）1. A. The people and the food. B. Yes, its great. C. Wonderful. 2. A. In a shop. B. On a farm. C. In a hospital. 3. A. Yes, its nice for a walk. B. Ive just listened to the weather

10、report. C. Yes, I am very well today. 4. A. Welcome. B. Thank you all the same. C. Thank you, sir. 5. A. Thats good. B. Thats terrible. C. Good idea. 听力原文：听力原文：1. How do you like China? 2. Where does a doctor work? 3. Its a fine day, isnt it? 4. Welcome to beautiful Tongren. 5. Lots of fish have die

11、d in this river because its too dirty. 角度剖析：角度剖析： 本本题题是是2012年年铜铜仁仁中中考考听听力力第第题题，从从总总体体上上分分析析这这五五个个句句子子考考查查的的是是日日常常交交际际用用语语。第第1题题询询问问的的是是对对某某物物的的看看法法；第第2题题询询问问的的是是地地点点；第第3题题考考查查的的是是反反意意疑疑问问句句；第第4题题考考查查的是表达感谢；第的是表达感谢；第5题考查的是表示遗憾或不满的交际用语。题考查的是表示遗憾或不满的交际用语。答案分析：答案分析：1. 【解解析析】选选C。How do you like China? 意意

12、为为“你你觉觉得得中中国国怎怎么样么样”，故，故C项适合作答。项适合作答。2. 【解解析析】选选C。由由问问句句可可知知询询问问的的是是医医生生工工作作的的地地点点，故故选选C。3. 【解解析析】选选A。由由句句子子可可知知谈谈到到的的是是天天气气状状况况，故故A项项适适合合作作答。答。4. 【解析解析】选选C。对对方的欢迎应该表示感谢。对对方的欢迎应该表示感谢。5. 【解析解析】选选B。由所听句子是不好的消息可知答案为。由所听句子是不好的消息可知答案为B项。项。. 听句子，听句子，选选出与所听句子内容相匹配的出与所听句子内容相匹配的图图画。画。(2011哈哈尔尔滨滨中考中考)听力原文：听力原

13、文：1. Peter was practicing the guitar when it rained heavily outside. 2. Many children like this little elephant because its very cute. 3. The radio says its going to be sunny tomorrow. 4. Eating fruits every day is good for your health. 5. These two boys are running in the 100-meter race. 角角度度剖剖析析：本

14、本题题是是2011年年哈哈尔尔滨滨中中考考听听力力部部分分第第一一题题，五五个个小小题题分分别别涉涉及及日日常常活活动动、个个人人喜喜好好、天天气气状状况况、饮饮食食健健康康和和体体育育活活动动五五个个项项目目。主主要要考考查查学学生生对对不不同同乐乐器器及及动动物物名名称称、不不同同天天气状况、不同食品和运动名称的辨音区分。气状况、不同食品和运动名称的辨音区分。答案分析：答案分析：1. 【解解析析】选选A。由由听听力力录录音音中中“guitar”一一词词可可确确定定A图图与与之之相相符符，同同时时也也要要注注意意到到B、C两两图图在在初初中中英英语语阶阶段段极极少少涉涉及及它它们们的英语表述

15、。的英语表述。2. 【解解析析】选选B。由由录录音音中中“elephant”一一词词可可知知B图图与与之之相相符符，A图图“bear”、C图图“pig”明明显显在在发发音音长长度度上上较较“elephant”短许多。短许多。3. 【解解析析】选选A。由由录录音音中中“sunny”一一词词可可知知图图A与与之之相相符符，天气话题也是各地英语中考最常见话题之一。天气话题也是各地英语中考最常见话题之一。4. 【解解析析】选选B。由由录录音音中中“eating fruits”可可知知B图图与与之之相相符符，A图图中中“花花”极极少少与与“eat”相相关关，C图图中中“玉玉米米”也也很很少少与与饮饮食食

16、健健康康相相联联系系，联联系系最最多多的的就就是是水水果果（fruits）和和蔬蔬菜菜（vegetables）。）。5. 【解解析析】选选A。由由录录音音中中“two boys”及及“running”可可知知A图图与与之之相相符符，听听力力测测试试中中一一定定要要注注意意人人物物身身份份、性性别别及及活活动动的的对对应。应。 考点二考点二 小小对话对话理解理解 近近几几年年小小对对话话理理解解题题是是全全国国各各地地市市英英语语中中考考的的最最常常见见题题型型之之一一，命命题题方方式式主主要要有有两两种种，第第一一种种是是听听对对话话回回答答问问题题，第第二二种种是是听听对对话话选选择择图图片

17、片。预预计计2013年年在在全全国国各各地地英英语语听听力力题题型型中中该题该题型仍然会占听力型仍然会占听力题题的很大比重。的很大比重。. 听听小小对对话话，根根据据你你听听到到的的内内容容从从每每小小题题的的三三个个选选项项中中选选出出一一个正确答案，每段个正确答案，每段对话对话听两遍。听两遍。（2012荆荆州中考）州中考）1. What does Mr. Black do? A. He is a worker. B. He is a shop assistant. C. He is a teacher. 2. Where are they talking? A. In a school.

18、B. In a hotel. C. In a shop. 3. Where does the woman come from? A. Canada. B. England. C. France. 4. What does the man want to be now? A. A scientist. B. A teacher. C. A doctor. 5. What does Miss Black ask the boy to do? A. To read more books. B. Not to read in class. C. To read good books. 听力原文：听力原

19、文：1. W: What do you do, Mr. Black? M: I teach math in No. 2 Middle School. 2. W: Wed like to have a single room with a bathroom. M: OK. How long will you stay here? 3. M: You speak good English. Are you from America? W: No. Im from France. But I stayed in Canada for a few years. 4. W: What do you wa

20、nt to be in the future? M: When I was a little boy, I wanted to be a doctor. But now I want to be a scientist. What about you? W: Id like to be a teacher. 5. W: What are you doing, Tom? M: I. . . Im reading a book, Miss Black. W: Oh, its a good book. But youd better read it after class. M: Im sorry,

21、 Miss Black. 角度剖析：角度剖析：分分析析这这五五组组对对话话所所提提出出的的问问题题可可知知第第1个个问问题题询询问问的的是是布布莱莱克克先先生生的的职职业业，第第2个个问问题题询询问问的的是是谈谈话话的的地地点点，第第3个个问问题题询询问问的的是是这这位位女女士士来来自自哪哪里里，第第4个个问问题题询询问问的的是是这这名名男男士士现现在在想想成成为为什什么么，第第5个个问问题题询询问问的的是是布布莱莱克克小小姐姐想想让让这这个个男男孩孩干干什什么。么。答案分析：答案分析：1. 【解解析析】选选C。本本题题非非常常容容易易选选出出正正确确答答案案，其其关关键键词词为为teach和

22、和school。2. 【解解析析】选选B。由由说说话话人人想想要要一一个个有有浴浴室室的的单单人人间间可可知知谈谈话话的地点是旅馆。的地点是旅馆。3. 【解解析析】选选C。本本题题设设置置的的干干扰扰因因素素比比较较多多，关关键键点点是是转转折折连词连词but前的前的Im from France. 。4. 【解解析析】选选A。本本题题难难度度较较大大，关关键键句句是是But now I want to be a scientist。故选。故选A。5. 【解解析析】选选B。由由句句子子But youd better read it after class. 可可知知Miss Black不让不让T

23、om在课堂上读那本书，故选在课堂上读那本书，故选B。. Choose the right picture according to what you hear. （2011齐齐齐齐哈哈尔尔中考）中考）1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _No. 1. M: Do you often watch sport games on TV? W: Yes. I like tennis best. And you? M: I enjoy watching ping-pong games. Q: What sport does the man like? No. 2. W: Hi, Tom. Is

24、 your sister at home? M: No, she isnt. My mother is in hospital, so she has to look after her. W: Im sorry to hear that. Q: Where is Toms sister now? No. 3. M: Mary, shall we go hiking tomorrow? W: Great! But the radio says it will be rainy tomorrow. M: What a pity! Q: How is the weather tomorrow? N

25、o. 4. M: Jane, when is our English exam? W: On Friday. M: My God! Well have a science report that day. Q: When is the English exam? No. 5. M: Are you free this afternoon? W: Sorry, Ill have a swimming lesson, but Im free tomorrow afternoon. M: Wonderful! Lets go to the park tomorrow. W: OK! Q: Whats

26、 the girl going to do this afternoon? 角角度度剖剖析析：分分析析这这6幅幅图图片片可可知知第第1幅幅画画是是游游泳泳，第第2幅幅画画是是网网球球，第第3幅幅画画是是乒乒乓乓球球，第第4幅幅画画是是雨雨天天，第第5幅幅画画是是日日期期，第第6幅画是医院。幅画是医院。答案分析：答案分析：1. 【解解析析】选选C。本本题题具具有有很很强强的的迷迷惑惑性性，这这个个女女的的喜喜欢欢网网球球节节目目，但但是是男男的的喜喜欢欢看看乒乒乓乓球球节节目目，而而问问题题问问的的是是男男的的喜喜欢欢什什么运动，故选么运动，故选C。2. 【解解析析】选选F。本本题题的的关关键键

27、句句子子是是My mother is in hospital, she has to look after her. , 故选故选F。3. 【解解析析】选选D。本本题题的的关关键键句句子子是是Great! But the radio says it will be rainy tomorrow. ，故选，故选D。4. 【解析解析】选选E。本题的关键信息。本题的关键信息On Friday。5. 【解解析析】选选A。本本句句关关键键信信息息是是Ill have a swimming lesson，故选，故选A。考点三考点三 长对话长对话理解理解 长长对对话话理理解解是是全全国国各各地地市市英英语语

28、中中考考听听力力的的常常见见题题型型，近近几几年逐年逐渐渐成成为热门题为热门题型，在型，在2013年的中考中仍然是主要年的中考中仍然是主要题题型之一。型之一。录录音音中中有有一一段段对对话话和和5个个问问题题，听听对对话话和和问问题题两两遍遍后后，从从每每小小题题A、B、C三个三个选项选项中中选选出能回答出能回答录录音中每个音中每个问题问题的正确答案。的正确答案。（2011菏菏泽泽中考）中考）1. Where is Mary from? A. Australia. B. America. C. Canada. 2. Where do Marys grandparents live? A. In

29、 the countryside. B. In a big city. C. In a small town near the city. 3. What are Li Leis family going to do in the summer? A. Theyre going to stay at home. B. Theyre going to visit Li Leis grandparents. C. Theyre going to take a trip to the south. 4. How many cities is Li Lei going to visit? A. Two

30、. B. Three. C. Four. 5. What are the boy and the girl mainly talking about? A. Their holiday plans. B. Their school life. C. The places of great interest. 听力原文：听力原文：Li Lei: Summer holiday will begin next month. What are you going to do after exam, Mary? Mary: My parents will take me back to Australi

31、a. We will visit our grandparents in Sydney. Li Lei: Oh, they will be very happy to see you again. Mary: Sure. What are you going to do , Li Lei? Li Lei: Maybe my parents will take me to a few cities in the south. Mary: That will be interesting. What cities are you going to visit? Li Lei: Maybe Guan

32、gzhou, Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan. Mary: Oh, they are all places of great interest in China. I think you will have a good time. Li Lei: Im sure we will. Thank you. 角角度度剖剖析析：本本听听力力材材料料是是一一段段有有关关旅旅行行计计划划的的对对话话，通通过过分分析析问问题题可可知知听听力力的的重重点点应应放放在在听听玛玛丽丽来来自自哪哪里里、玛玛丽丽的的奶奶奶奶住住在在哪哪里里、李李雷雷一一家家打打算算暑暑假假干干什什么么、李李

33、雷雷打打算算参参观观多多少少个个城城市市、男孩女孩主要谈论的是什么上面。男孩女孩主要谈论的是什么上面。答案分析：答案分析：1. 【解解析析】选选A。由由句句子子My parents will take me back to Australia. 可知玛丽来自澳大利亚。可知玛丽来自澳大利亚。2. 【解解析析】选选B。由由句句子子We will visit our grandparents in Sydney. 可知玛丽的爷爷奶奶住在悉尼这个大城市。可知玛丽的爷爷奶奶住在悉尼这个大城市。3. 【解解析析】选选C。由由句句子子Maybe my parents will take me to a fe

34、w cities in the south. 可知李雷一家打算去南方旅行。可知李雷一家打算去南方旅行。4. 【解解析析】选选C。由由句句子子Maybe Guangzhou, Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan. 可知李雷一家打算参观四个城市。可知李雷一家打算参观四个城市。5. 【解析解析】选选A。由对话内容可知男孩和女孩谈论的是假期计划。由对话内容可知男孩和女孩谈论的是假期计划。考点四考点四 短文理解短文理解 短短文文理理解解题题是是全全国国各各地地市市英英语语中中考考的的必必考考题题型型，常常见见的的短短文文理理解解主主要要有有听听短短文文回回答答问问题题，听听短短文文判

35、判断断正正误误和和听听短短文文填填表表三种。三种。2013年短文理解仍然是必考年短文理解仍然是必考题题型。型。听短文，听短文，选择选择最佳答案。短文最佳答案。短文读读两遍。两遍。（2012福州中考）福州中考）1. Susan is a schoolgirl from _. A. China B. Australia C. America2. Her Chinese friends sometimes dont understand her because _. A. her Chinese is poorB. she speaks Chinese too fastC. she is too s

36、hy to speak Chinese3. She wanted to go to the zoo to see the _. A. pandas and monkeysB. elephants and pandasC. monkeys and elephants4. She stopped a Chinese boy in the street to _. A. ask the wayB. go to the zoo together C. practice speaking Chinese5. She made herself understood by _. A. gestures B.

37、 drawing C. writing听力原文：听力原文： Susan is an American schoolgirl. She is now in Beijing with her parents. Susan doesnt know Chinese. But she is trying to learn and speak it. She often tries to speak Chinese with her Chinese friends. Sometimes they dont understand her because she cant speak Chinese well

38、. Last Sunday morning, Susan wanted to go to the zoo to see the elephants and monkeys, but she didnt know how to get there. She stopped a Chinese boy in the street and asked him the way. But the boy couldnt understand her. Susan looked worried. She thought for a moment. Then she found a way to make

39、herself understood. She took out a pen and a piece of paper. She drew an elephant on the paper and showed the picture to the boy. The boy looked at the picture carefully. He smiled and then showed Susan the way to the zoo. 角度剖析：角度剖析：本本文文主主要要介介绍绍了了苏苏珊珊的的一一些些情情况况和和她她去去动动物物园园问问路路的的经经过过。五五个个问问题题分分别别为为：苏

40、苏珊珊来来自自哪哪里里？她她的的中中国国朋朋友友不不明明白白她她的的原原因因？她她想想去去动动物物园园看看什什么么？她她在在街街上上拦拦住住一一名名中中国国男男孩孩是是为为了了什什么？她如何让那个男孩明白她的？么？她如何让那个男孩明白她的？答案分析：答案分析：1. 【 解解 析析 】 选选 C。 由由 文文 章章 的的 首首 句句 Susan is an American schoolgirl. 可知答案。可知答案。2. 【解解析析】选选A。由由第第一一段段的的末末句句. . . because she cant speak Chinese well. 可知答案。可知答案。3. 【解解析析】选选C。由由第第二二段段的的首首句句. . . Susan wanted to go to the zoo to see the elephants and monkeys可知答案。可知答案。4. 【解解析析】选选A。由由第第二二段段的的第第二二句句She stopped a Chinese boy in the street and asked him the way. 可知答案。可知答案。5. 【解解析析】选选B。由由第第二二段段的的倒倒数数第第三三句句She drew an elephant on the paper. . . 可知答案。可知答案。