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1、走向高考走向高考 英语英语路漫漫其修远兮路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索吾将上下而求索人教版人教版(课标卷地区课标卷地区) 高考总复习高考总复习 Unit 4Earthquakes 必修一必修一第一部分基础知识聚焦第一部分基础知识聚焦基础知识梳理基础知识梳理 2考点探究演练考点探究演练 3单单 元元 语语 法法 4基础知识巩固基础知识巩固 6课课 时时 作作 业业 7话题作文晨诵话题作文晨诵 1高考真题对接高考真题对接5话题作文晨诵话题作文晨诵1earthquake n地震2suffering n痛苦；苦难3explosion n爆炸4emergency n紧急情况5reaction n反应6h
2、it/strike v袭击；灾难突然发生7crash v撞毁8panic v惊慌9recover v复原10threaten v威胁11attack v攻击，袭击12unite v团结；联合13hopeless adj.无助的14dramatically adv.剧烈地15firstaid 急救16take place 发生17put up 搭建18work together 共同工作19take on a new look 呈现新面貌20owe to 归功于21take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事(2011福建高考)为纪念汶川大地震六周年，某英文报发起关于灾区新貌
3、的征文活动。请根据图片提示，以“Great Changes”为题，用英语写一篇短文应征。内容要点如下：1某中学灾后六年来的变化，如教学与活动场所，以及师生精神面貌等；2发生变化的原因；3你的感想。Great Changes引入话题I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past six years.陈述变化As we know, Wenchuan and other counties in Sichuan Province were hit by a seve
4、re earthquake on May 12,2008. Most schools, including our school, were damaged completely. However，if you go into our school today，you may be amazed at what you are seeing. Many tall and strong buildings, such as classrooms and laboratory buildings, a big library, have been put up. There is also a n
5、ewlybuilt standard playground. On the beautiful campus, teachers and students are living happily and working hard. There are smiles on everyones face. Our school is taking on a new look，full of life! How does it take place in such a short time?发 表 感 想 Obviously， all is owed to our party, our motherl
6、and and the whole warmhearted people all over the world. Without their help, there would be no new and beautiful school today. The government took immediate measures and appropriated large amounts of money for us. Most kind people donated their money and things to us. Of course, our local people hel
7、ped each other and united as a big family. Thus we work wonders. So union is strength. Love can move everything！.完成句子1地震灾区已经呈现出新面貌。The earthquakestricken area has taken on a new look.2我们必须立刻采取措施来保护环境。We must take immediate measures to protect the environment.句型转换1把句改为主动句。As we know, a severe earthqu
8、ake hit Wenchuan and other counties in Sichuan Province on May 12,2008.2把句改为if条件句的虚拟语气。If they hadnt helped us, there would be no new and beautiful school today.基础知识梳理基础知识梳理.单词速记A识记单词1_ (vi.)爆裂；爆发(n.)突然破裂；爆发2_(n.)事件；大事3_(n.)废墟；毁灭(vt.)毁灭；使破产4_(adj.)极度的5_(vt.)破坏；毁坏；消灭6_(vt. & vi.)(使)震惊；震动(n.)休克；打击；震惊b
9、ursteventruinextremedestroyshock7_(n. & vt.)援救；营救8_(vt.)使陷入困境(n.)陷阱；困境9_(n.)灾难；灾祸10_(vt.)埋葬；掩埋；隐藏11_(n.)掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处12_(n. & vt.)损失；损害13_(n.)裁判员；法官(vt.)断定；判断；判决14_(vt.)表示；表达(n.)快车，速递rescuetrapdisasterburyshelterdamagejudgeexpressB联想串记15_ (vt.)损害；伤害_ (n.)伤害；损害_ (adj.)受伤的16_ (n.)电；电流；电学_ (adj.)用电的；带电的_
10、(adj.)与电有关的；电学的17_ (vt.)使惊吓；吓唬_ (adj.)受惊的；受恐吓的_ (adj.)令人恐惧的18_ (n.)祝贺；(复数)贺词_ (vt.)祝贺injureinjuryinjuredelectricityelectricelectricalfrightenfrightenedfrighteningcongratulationcongratulate.短语互译1轻视；认为没价值 _2仿佛；好像 _3掘出；发现 _4集资；筹款；募捐 _5right away _6at an end _7in ruins _8a (great) number of _9in the ope
11、n air _10give a speech _think little ofas ifdig outraise money立刻；马上结束；终结严重受损；破败不堪许多；大量的在户外作演讲.典句析练1It seems/seemed as if.看起来好像_(看起来好像) the world was at an end!【仿写】看起来似乎一百万人几乎都没有把这些事件当回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。_ and were asleep as usual that night.2everywhere作连词，引导地点状语从句_(人们无论朝哪里看) nearly everything was destroyed
12、.【仿写】这个年轻的歌手无论在哪儿出现，总是被一群疯狂的粉丝包围。_， he is always surrounded by a group of crazy fans.3whose引导定语从句Workers built shelters for survivors _ (那些家园被毁的)【仿写】我喜欢住在墙壁被涂成浅黄色的房子里。I like to live in the house _.4leave宾语宾语补足语Thousands of families were killed and many children _ (成为了孤儿)【仿写】你最好不要把你的儿子单独留在家里。毕竟，他还太小不
13、能照顾自己。You had better not _. After all, he is too young to look after himself.5all.not.并非所有的都_(不是所有的希望) lost.【仿写】他们并非都正确。_Not all of them are right.答案：1It seemed as if; It seemed as if the one million people thought little of these events2Everywhere they looked; Everywhere the young singer goes/appea
14、rs3whose homes had been destroyed; whose walls are painted light yellow4were left without parents；leave your son alone at home5All hope was not; All of them are not right.课文缩写语法填空A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976，in which thousands of people died and many were _1_(injur
15、e). Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells _2_ of water. People were greatly _3_(shock). All the electricity in the city was cut _4_ and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last. The whole city was completely _5_(destroy) and the world seemed _6_ its end.The people of Tangsha
16、n didnt lose hope, because 150,000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig _7_ those _8_ were trapped. They also built shelters for the survivors. Fresh water was taken to the city by every means. Slowly, the city began to come back to life.It was said tha
17、t before the quake, strange things were happening in the countryside. The water in the village wells _9_(rise) and fell. Fish jumped out of the ponds. Strange noises were heard in the sky，but people thought little of _10_.答案：1.injured2.instead3.shocked4.off5.destroyed6at7.out8.who9.rose10.them考点探究演练
18、考点探究演练 1burst vt. & vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发n突然破裂；爆发教材原句In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(P26)在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。方法规律部分同学对burst into和burst out后面跟什么形式分不清，名师告诉你：into是介词，后面当然要接名词，如tears，laughter等；out是副词，后面须用现在分词作状语，如crying，laughing等。另外，burst in中的in是副词，不接宾语，需接宾语时用into。在
19、burst with名词中，with表示原因。你记住了吗？My English teachers humor was such as to make every student _ _ _.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以至于每个同学都哈哈大笑起来。Hearing the news, she _ _ _.听到这个消息，她突然哭了起来。Last night the room _ _ _ but nothing was taken away.昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。He felt he would burst with anger and shame.他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。Hi
20、s appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.他一登上台就博得一阵热烈的掌声。巧学助记burst的多层含义答案：burst into laughter/burst out laughingburst into tears/burst out cryingwas burst into2event n事件，大事；(体育比赛等的)项目，赛事教材原句But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events,_were asle
21、ep as usual that night.(P26)但是那天晚上城市里的一百万市民还像平常一样在睡觉，对此事不以为然。When will the field and track events be held?田径赛将在什么时候举行？词语辨析accident 指“意外的事”，事故。event通常指较重要的事件，“大事”incident常指较小的事件；也可指可能会发展成战争等的政治事件。用incident，accident，event的适当形式填空。Which _ have you entered for in the school sports meet?A strange _ happen
22、ed in the wedding ceremony.There was a car _ yesterday, which caused three deaths.答案：eventsincidentaccident3ruin nU U毁坏；毁灭；崩溃C C(pl.)废墟；遗迹v(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭教材原句In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(P26)在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。必会be/lie in ruins成为废墟(注意复数形式)bring sb. to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产拓展com
23、e/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉The whole city _ _ _ after Wenchuan Earthquake.汶川地震之后，这座城市成为了废墟。That small mistake _ _ _ of getting the job.那个小错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。The farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin.这家农场很早就已废弃了，成了废墟。Drink was your fathers ruin and itll be the
24、ruin of you, too.喝酒毁了你父亲，也会毁了你的。词语辨析ruin表示“毁灭，毁坏”，是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏，使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义。damage表示“损害，损坏”，通常是指对物体的部分的损害，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低，但这种破坏具有可修复性。damage也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词，作名词时与介词to搭配，如cause damage to。destroy表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，其功能无法或难以修复，也可用于损坏抽象的东西，如名誉、计划、契约等。巧学助记After the collision, he examined the co
25、nsiderable damage to his car. Fortunately it was not completely ruined/destroyed.撞车之后，他检查了受重创的车。所幸的是车还没完全报废。答案：was/lay in ruinsruined his chance4injure vt.损害；伤害教材原句Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.(P26)他们中有2/3在地震中死亡或受伤。必会be injured 受伤injured adj.受伤的；受委屈的the injured 受伤者inj
26、ury n伤，伤口，伤害He suffered serious injuries to the arms and legs.他的胳膊和腿都受了重伤。The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin was swimming.那位年轻妇女进入了那个水池，一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游动。I know drinking can _ _ _.我知道喝酒对人健康有害。She _ _ while skating.她在滑冰时受了伤。_ _ were taken to the hospital.受伤者被送进了医院。词语辨析injure多指意外事故
27、造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害，损害，有害于”。常用短语do harm to “对有害”巧学助记答案：injure ones healthwas injured/injured herselfThe injured5track n轨道；行踪；路径教材原句The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.(P26)火车铁轨现在却变成了无用的钢条。名师
28、点拨follow sb.s track跟踪某人/tracks in the snow雪地上的足迹/a track through a forest林中小道/a single (double) track单(双)轨/track events径赛项目6trap vt.使陷入困境；困住；诱骗n陷阱；困境；圈套教材原句Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.(P26)有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下。必会be trapped in困在中；陷在中trap sb. into doing sth.诱骗某人做某事拓展
29、lay/set a trap设置陷阱；布下圈套walk/fall into a trap钻入/落入陷阱或圈套The firefighters rescued a boy who _ _ in the burning house.消防队员从失火的房子里救出了一个被困的男孩。She was trapped _ _ him.她被诱骗嫁给了他。答案：was trappedinto marrying7bury vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入教材原句The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bur
30、y the dead.(P26)救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。必会(1)be buried in 埋头于；专心于be buried/lost in thought 沉思(2)bury oneself in study埋头研究；专心学习bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面巧学助记方法规律be buried in和be absorbed/lost in意思相似，注意介词in的使用。另外还有fix/focus ones attention on和pay attention to。答案：was buriedbury his feelingsa.As
31、 he buried himself inbAs he was buried in cBuried in8shock vt. & vi.(使)震惊n休克；打击；震惊必会be shocked at/by 对感到震惊a great shock 令人震惊的人或事be a shock to sb.对某人来说是个打击shocking adj.令人震惊的The news of his death in the flood was shocking,_and all his employees got shocked at it.他在洪灾中遇难的消息令人震惊，他的所有员工都对此感到震惊。I _ _ _ hi
32、s wild idea.我因他的狂妄想法而震惊。His death _ _ _ to us all.他的去世对我们来说是一个打击。答案：was shocked by/atwas a shock9shelter nU U掩蔽；遮蔽；庇护；栖身地vi.躲避vt.提供庇护所教材原句Workers built shelters for survivors who.(P26)工人们为那些幸存者搭起帐篷。必会take shelter from躲避under the shelter of在的庇护下；受的保护a bus shelter公共汽车亭拓展give sb. shelter庇护某人shelter sb.
33、/sth. from庇护某人/某物免受We _ _ _ the rain in a bus stop. It was a good shelter here.我们在一个公共汽车站里避雨，这儿是一个很好的庇护场所。Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people.每个路灯伞都会为几个人提供足够的遮蔽。答案：took shelter from10judge vt.断定；判断；判决n裁判员；法官教材原句Your speech was heard by a group of five judges,_all of whom ag
34、reed that it was the best one this year.(P26)五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。必会judge.from/by.从来判断as far as I can judge据我判断；我认为judging by/from从上看；根据判断拓展judgement n. 判断；审判；意见；判断力in ones judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法It is true that we cant judge a book by its cover.我们不能以貌取人，此话没错。_ _ his expression, he was satisfied
35、 with my work.从他的表情判断，他对我的工作很满意。As far as I can judge, it is he rather than you is to blame.据我判断，是他而不是你该受责备。名师点拨judging from/by表示“从上看，根据来判断”，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语，而不采用过去分词的形式。答案：Judging from/by1think little/nothing of以为没什么了不起；对满不在乎；轻视；忽视教材原句But the one million people of the city, who t
36、hought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.(P26)但唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没把这些情况当回事儿，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。必会(1)think highly/well/a lot/much of.对评价高think poorly/badly/little/nothing of.对评价不高(2)speak highly/well of.高度赞扬speak ill of.说的坏话sing high praise for.高度赞扬She cant get along well with her classmates
37、 because she often _ _ _ others.她无法与她的同学友好相处，因为她经常说别人的坏话。I dont think much of her idea.我认为她的主意不怎么样。She sang high praise for the teacher, although she complained about his strictness.尽管抱怨老师过于严格，她还是高度赞扬他。名师点拨当think highly/well/much of.用于被动语态结构时，副词应放于其修饰的动词前，即be highly/well/much thought of。His work _ _
38、 _ _ by the critics.他的作品深受评论家推崇。答案：speaks ill ofis well/highly thought of2at an end结束；终结教材原句It seemed as if the world was at an end！(P26)好像世界末日到了。(2012广东阅读A)As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end.一听到这句话，你就知道会议要结束了。必会at the end of在尽头，在末端by the end of.到结束时，到时候为止(与完成时连用)in the end最后，
39、终于come to an end结束拓展put/bring sth. to an end结束make (both) ends meet使收支相抵，量入为出；靠微薄收入为生end up结束，告终方法规律at an end后不可接of；at the end of中的of不可省略，后面既可接时间名词，也可接地点名词；by the end of后面接表示时间的名词，谓语要与完成时连用：by the end of过去时间，谓语用过去完成时；by the end of将来时间，谓语用将来完成时。Hes going to relax with friends once the exams are _ _ _
40、 and he has exciting plans for the summer holidays.考试一结束他就去和朋友一起放松一下，他的暑假计划很激动人心。By the end of last year, he _ learned two thousand English words.到去年底为止，他已学了2000个英语单词。They decided to _ _ _ _ the quarrel.他们决定结束争吵。At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.最初他拒不承认有任何责
41、任，到头来还是道了歉。答案：at an endhadput an end to3a (great) number of许多；大量的教材原句Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.(P27)那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。We received a good many offers of support.我们收到了许多支持的建议。He said the police had found huge quantities of explosives du
42、ring the search operation.他说警方在进行搜查时发现了大量的爆炸物品。Large quantities of polluted water _ (pour) into the river.大量的污水已被倾注到河里。Now _ _ _ college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job. But _ _ _ posts available for them is often not enough.现在，很多大学毕业生都想谋求高工资的工作。但是提供给他们的职位数量通常不足。名师点拨the number of意为“的数量”，
43、其后接名词的复数或具有复数意义的名词。用作主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数形式。a great/large quantity of.作主语时，谓语动词用单数；large quantities of.作主语时，谓语动词用复数。答案：have been poureda number of/a great/good many；the number of1too.to.结构教材原句In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(P26)在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。句式分析句中too nervo
44、us to eat属于too.to.结构，意为：如此以至于不。Its too good an opportunity to miss.那是太好的一次机会而不能错过。方法规律(1)too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为肯定意义。not/never too.to.意为“无论也不过分，越越好”。Its _ _ careful to cross the road.过马路时越小心越好。(2)当too.to.用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词(如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing)时，不定式为肯定意义。He is _ _ to fo
45、llow others advice.他极愿意接受别人的意见。答案：not/never tootoo willing2“It seems that/as if句子”句式教材原句It seemed as_if the world was at an end！(P26)仿佛到了世界末日！句式分析as ifas though“好像，仿佛”，在句中引导表语从句。方法规律(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。如例(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。如例若表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式，be动词通常用were
46、；表示与过去事实相反的情况，用had过去分词；表示与将来事实相反，则用would动词原形。It looks as if it is going to snow.看起来似乎要下雪。When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water, it looks as_if it _ broken.当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。He talked about Rome as if he _ _ there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过似的。名师点拨如果as if 引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be 动词，可省略从句主语和
47、be动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。He opened his mouth as if to say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。答案：werehad been3部分否定和全部否定结构教材原句All hope was not lost.(P26)并不是所有的希望都破灭了。句式分析该句是表示部分否定的句型。all.not.not all.，意为“并非所有的都”。方法规律(1)当not与all，both，complete，each，every，everyone，everything，whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时，无论no
48、t的位置如何，皆表示不完全否定，意为“并非都”。(2)no，none，no one，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示完全否定。All the students did not go to see the movie “Under the Hawthorn Tree”_ _ _ _ went to see the movie “Under the Hawthorn Tree”并非所有的学生都去看电影山楂树之恋了。Every boy is not interested in sports._ _ _ is interested in sports.并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。No
49、thing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观长城。All friends do not study well._(变为同义句)_(变为完全否定句)答案：Not all the studentsNot every boyNot all of my friends study well；None of my friends study well单单 元元 语语 法法 定语从句()1(2013湖南改编)Happiness and success often
50、come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.答案：who句意：快乐和成功经常会眷顾那些善于欣赏自己优点的人。分析句子成分可知，“_ are good at recognizing their own strengths”是定语从句，修饰先行词those，从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。2Nowadays almost everyone prefers to use a smart mobile phone _ functions are more practical.答案：whose考查定语从句。先行词a smart
51、mobile phone与从句中functions构成所属关系，故用关系代词whose。3“God，please dont let anything happen today _ I cant handle. ”This was my daily prayer during my first year of teaching.答案：that考查定语从句。句意：上帝，今天请不要发生任何我无法处理的事情，这是我第一年教学时每天要祈祷的。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词为不定代词anything。故用that不用which。4What does the notice
52、say?All the storytellers should meet at the same hall _ won the first three prizes.答案：who/that根据句法，这是个分隔式定语从句，从句“_ won the first three prizes”缺少主语，先行词“All the storytellers”指人，所以用关系代词who或that，且不能省略。5The Great Wall is the place _ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.答案：whi
53、ch/that分析句子结构可知，“_almost all tourists would like to visit”为定语从句，修饰先行词the place，关系代词在从句中充当visit的宾语，故填which或that。高考真题对接高考真题对接1(2014陕西改编)I got that job I wanted at the public library._(congratulate)! Thats good news.答案：Congratulations句意：我得到了那份我想要的在公共图书馆的工作。_！那是个好消息。Congratulations意为“祝贺”。2(2014重庆改编)It w
54、as John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _(do) it?答案：had done本题考查虚拟语气。句意：打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？根据第一句话可知，打破窗户的人并非“我”，故此处应该用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。根据broke可知这件事情发生在过去，故用过去完成时态，表示与过去事实相反。3 (2013辽 宁 改 编 )The accident caused some damage _ my car, but its nothing serious.答案：tocause/do damage to.伤害。4(2011湖南改编)Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _ if he had done something very clever.答案：as本题考查状语从句的引导词。句意：杰克什么也没说，但是老师朝他笑着，就好像他做了非常聪明的事情。as if“好像”。
