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1、A study on differences between western friendship and Chinese friendship1Table of ContentsIntroduction Different Concepts of FriendshipFactors that Hinder Intercultural FriendshipsConclusion2Introduction Research suggests that understanding of the concept of friendship varies as a result of age, gen
2、der, region, and cultural background. Intercultural friendships are characterized by differences between individuals cultures that bring unique cultural knowledge and broaden their perspectives. Moreover, various cultural groups have divergent meaning systems that make exchange of information more c
3、hallenging. Thus, the potential for misunderstanding, uncertainty, frustration, and conflict is increased3Different Concepts of Friendship1.The friendship and friends in the eyes of Chinese and American.2.What can you expect from your friend?3.How long can friend ship last?4.How much can you depend
4、on your friend?5.How much can you expect from you friend?41.The friendship and friends in the eyes of Chinese and AmericanFriendship and friends in the eyes of Chinese, although Chinese more gentle humility, but in their heart for the definition of friend and friendship is quite clear. It is a very
5、serious for friends and friendship. Chinese people own the friendship with like-minded friends who share the similar interests, similar personalities, otherwise they can not be real friends and they can only be regarded as ordinary. 5Friends and friendship in the eyes of Americans is quite different
6、 from the Chinese people. In the American dictionary, the definition of friends is very widely. In the OXFORD friend are: 1.person you like 2. supporter 3. not enemy 4.silly or annoying person. The people to meet by chance like patches of drifting duckweed can be friends. Thus, for the friendship, t
7、he Americans more open to more casual compared with Chinese. 6 2.What can you expect from your friend? In Chinese culture: A friend in china is someone who, sensing that you are in need in some way, offers to assist you without waiting to be asked. In china there are few limits on what you can ask o
8、r expect of a friend. You can feel free to tell your friend what he or she can or should do to help you or please you. 7In American culture: In the United States you can certainly ask a friend to do something with you, but you would not expect a friend to recognize and respond to your wishes without
9、 stating them. Nor would you expect a friend to drop everything to respond to a non-urgent need such as going shopping. In fact an American friend would feel that they had imposed too much if the friend gave up a real need to study to go shopping. There are limits to what you can expect from a frien
10、d. In the U.S. You feel free to ask your friend for help, but you recognize that the friend may say no, if they give you a reason. 83.How long can friend ship last? In Chinese culture: Chinese seem to expect their friendships to stay the same over a long period of time maybe for a lifetime. A true f
11、riendship is a relationship that endures through changes in the lives of the friends. 9In American culture: In the United States a person is likely to change even best friends several times over the years. Even this relationship in which people feel close emotionally and tell each other their secret
12、s and personal problems may not survive life changes such as move to another city, graduation from a University, a significant change in economic circumstances, or the marriage of one of the friends. The reason is that friendship, like so many other relationships in the United States including marri
13、age, depends on frequent interaction with the other person. If the people involved do not see each other and interact regularly, the relationship is likely to wither and die. 104.How much can you depend on your friend? In Chinese culture: Chinese friends give each other much more concrete help and a
14、ssistance than western friends do. A Chinese friend will use personal connections to help a friend get something hard to obtain such as a job, an appointment with a good doctor, an easier path through an official procedure or an introduction to another person who might also be able to give concrete
15、help. Chinese friends give each other money and might help each other out financially over a long period of time. This is rarely part of western friendships, because it creates dependence of one person on the other and it goes against the principle of equality. 11In American culture: As with so many
16、 other things in the west, people prefer to be independent rather than dependent, so they do not feel comfortable in a relationship in which one person is giving more and the other person is dependent on what is being given. 125.How much can you expect from you friend? In Chinese culture: Chinese pe
17、ople often communicate indirectly while westerners tend to be more direct. In close personal relationships as friendship, the opposite is often the case. Talk between Chinese friends would probably sound too direct to western ears. As we have seen Chinese codes of etiquette require more formal and p
18、olite interactions with strangers or guests than is typical in the west, but in china relationships with friends are much more informal than similar western relationships. 13In American culture: Americans apologize to their friends for minor inconveniences such as telephoning late at night or asking
19、 for dome specific help. Even in close friendships Americans use polite forms such as could you And would you mind Because Chinese do not use these polite forms in their close relationships, they probably do not use them when speaking English with westerners they know well. As a result they may seem
20、 to be too direct or demanding to their western friends. At the same time a Chinese person who is friends with an American continues to be formally polite after two have established their relationship. 14Factors that Hinder Intercultural Friendships1. Self-Perceived Language Competence of Chinese St
21、udents2. Face concern of Chinese Students 3. Chinese Students Not Being Proactive Enough154. Chinese Students Limiting Themselves in Their Ethnic Group5. American Students Lacking of Familiarity and Interests with Chinese Culture16ConclusionBecause of the differences among the definition of friendsh
22、ip, the way in the treatment of friendship, the friendship in the processing and maintenance of attitudes, the expected return on the value of friendship between Chinese and American, the differences have led to further exchanges between the two countries and exchange of people, or even a problem. A
23、lthough this problem has affected by all aspects of the factors, but ultimately constitutive element or due to independent and interdependent self-constitutive element of self are the main reason. Therefore, the people of China and the United States and other countries in order to better to make friends, promote cultural exchanges, we must understand each other different cultural practices and social habits. This makes cross-cultural exchange between China and the U.S. for further success, and can make more friends from different countries. 171819
