浙江高中英语全程复习方略课件必修5Units12人教版

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1、必修5 Units 12话题之九之九团队合作合作三年三年3考考 2011湖北湖北请根据以下提示，根据以下提示，结合你校园生活中的一个事例，合你校园生活中的一个事例，就就“与人合作与人合作”这一一话题，用英，用英语写一篇短文。写一篇短文。 Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn more about teamwork. Teamwork shows us how other peoples roles fit the purpose of the group, and it teaches us to be patient a

2、nd how to respond to different people. 注注意意：无无须写写标题，不不得得照照抄抄英英语提提示示语；除除诗歌歌外外，文文体体不不限限；内内容容必必须结合合校校园园生生活活中中的的一一个个事事例例；文文中中不不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；得透露个人姓名和学校名称；词数数为100左右。左右。 Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of which teamwork is the most important for me. In fact, I didnt realize its importan

3、ce until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school. At first, I did most of the duties myself while other students cared little about class activities. As a result, I was tired out and depressed. Then I turned to my teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others. Thus I began t

4、o recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class. It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient. 1. 本本文文为校校园园团队合合作作话题的的写写作作，命命题形形式式独独特特且且要要求求明明确确，学生不容易写跑学生不容易写跑题，容易完成。，容易完成。第一段直接点明第一段直接点明团队合作的重要意合作的重要意义。第二段

5、第二段结合自己的校园生活合自己的校园生活实例例说明明团队合作的重要性。合作的重要性。第三段再次第三段再次强强调团队合作的重要意合作的重要意义。2. 全文行文流全文行文流畅，句式，句式变化多化多样，用，用词高高级而地道。而地道。高高级词汇和和短短语：be tired out, depressed, strengths, on my own, free sb. of sth. , efficient高高级句型：句型：of which, It is. . . that. . . 语篇篇过渡渡语：in fact, at first, while, as a result, then, thus【佳作佳

6、作习得得】用用强强调句型改写句子句型改写句子Our attitude towards study instead of our ability counts. _Its our attitude towards study instead of our ability that counts.写作提升（四）写作提升（四）应用文（一）应用文（一） 应用文是每年高考考查频率最高的体裁之一，其中以书信、应用文是每年高考考查频率最高的体裁之一，其中以书信、电子邮件最为常见。其形式有商业信函、求职信、推荐信、感电子邮件最为常见。其形式有商业信函、求职信、推荐信、感谢信、请柬等。写作时应注意谢信、请柬等。

7、写作时应注意: : 格式正确，语言简练地道，语格式正确，语言简练地道，语气要因人、因事而异。气要因人、因事而异。2011山山东 假假设你你是是李李华，你你的的美美国国朋朋友友Tom上上个个月月来来到到北北京京学学习。七七月月份份你你将将去去北北京京参参加加暑暑期期中中学学生生英英语演演讲比比赛(speech contest)，你你在在资料料搜搜集集、语言言运运用用等等方方面面遇遇到到了了困困难。请根根据据以以下下要要点点给Tom写一封写一封电子子邮件：件： 1. 询问Tom的生活和学的生活和学习情况；情况； 2. 谈谈你的困你的困难并并请Tom帮忙；帮忙； 3. 告告诉Tom你打算你打算赛后去

8、看他。后去看他。 注意：注意：1. 词数：数：120150； 2. 可适当增加可适当增加细节，以使行文，以使行文连贯。 【审题谋篇篇】 1. 本篇本篇为书信，信，为常用文体，目的是常用文体，目的是寻求帮助。求帮助。 2. 人称：第一人称人称：第一人称 3. 时态：一般：一般现在在时 4. 写作要点写作要点 询问Tom的生活和学的生活和学习情况情况 说明自己的困明自己的困难 自己的自己的赛后打算后打算【常用模板常用模板】 . 格式模板格式模板 开开头：Its a month since. . . How is everything going. . . ? 正文：正文：Im going to t

9、ake part in. . . However, I still have trouble in. . . 结束束语：Yours sincerely . 句式模板句式模板 1. 陈述困述困难 have difficulty/trouble/a hard time (in) doing sth. find sth. difficult 2. 寻求帮助求帮助 be anxious to get help from sb. Faced with so much difficulty, I have to ask for your help. 3. 表达表达“感激感激” appreciate it

10、if. . . be grateful for . . . 【尝试运用运用】 1. 在此与你分享一段在此与你分享一段难忘的忘的经历，我的确感到很高，我的确感到很高兴。 _ 2. 然而，我在搜集有用信息方面依然有困然而，我在搜集有用信息方面依然有困难。 However, I still have trouble in collecting useful materials. （同（同义句句转换） =However, I still find_. Im really happy to share such an unforgettable experience with you here.coll

11、ecting useful materials difficult 3. 如果你能帮我一把，我将感激不尽。如果你能帮我一把，我将感激不尽。 一般表达：一般表达： If you can help me, Ill be very grateful. 高高级表达：表达： _ 4. 我也希望我的努力会得到回我也希望我的努力会得到回报。 _I would appreciate it if you could offer me a hand.I also hope that the great effort Im making will pay off. 【佳文点睛佳文点睛】Dear Tom, Its a

12、 month since you studied in Beijing. _ is everything going with you?I am really happy to share such an unforgettable experience with you here. I am going to take part in an English speech contest for middle school students in July this summer. I think the chance is of great importance for me. To hav

13、e a very good performance, IHowam making preparations for it. _ , I still have trouble in collecting useful materials. _ I find it hard to use English properly. I would appreciate it if you could offer me a hand. _ , I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay off. _ , I have been missing

14、 you, _ I hope to see you in Beijing after the contest. I cant wait to see you again! Yours sincerely, Li HuaHoweverMeanwhileAndYou knowso 李李华是高二的学生，是高二的学生， 写信写信问你如何把握高三你如何把握高三这最关最关键的一的一年。年。请你你结合自己的合自己的经历，从，从时间安排、安排、饮食、睡眠、食、睡眠、锻炼等方等方面，回一封面，回一封100120词的信。的信。 _【参考范文参考范文】Dear Li Hua, Truly, the year of

15、senior three is quite critical. As far as I know, time is always not enough for us. So first of all, you need to arrange your time well. Youd better make a long-term study plan, say, a one-month plan with more efforts to take up your weak subjects. And a short-term plan is equally necessary, if not

16、more important. You have to make sure of what you need to do each day, each class and even each minute. At the same time, its quite essential to keep healthy. So take exercise for at least one hour and sleep for no less than seven hours a day. And dont forget to eat well. Hope you will enjoy the las

17、t year of senior high. Yours ever, 非谓语动词非谓语动词动词的动词的-ed形式和动词不定式形式和动词不定式 动词不定式和不定式和动词的的-ed形式是非形式是非谓语动词的重要形式，也的重要形式，也是每年高考的必考内容，其是每年高考的必考内容，其时态和和语态及句法功能是主要的考及句法功能是主要的考查点。在复点。在复习备考考时应着重注意以下几个方面：着重注意以下几个方面：1. 动词不定式不定式作作宾语、表、表语、定、定语和状和状语；2. 动词的的-ed形式作定形式作定语、补足足语和状和状语；3. 独立主格独立主格结构。构。1. 2011四四川川, 11Simon m

18、ade a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：为为了了让让生生病病的的小小鸟鸟待待到到会会飞飞，西西蒙蒙做做了了一一个个大大的的竹竹盒盒子子。动动词词不不定定式式用用来来表表示示目目的的。故选故选D。2. 2011浙浙江江, 14Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words. A. lose B. lost C

19、. to lose D. having lost 【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：即即便便是是最最优优秀秀的的作作家家有有时时也也会会难难以以找找到到合合适适的的词词汇汇表表达达自自己己。“find oneself +adj. ”表表示示“感感到到自自己己”，be lost for words说说不不出出话话来来，无无言言以以对对。这里是这里是lost短语作宾语补足语。其他选项形式不对。短语作宾语补足语。其他选项形式不对。3. 2011陕西西, 14Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A.

20、check B. checkingC. to check D. checked【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词的的用用法法。结结构构“have sth. done”意意为为“某某事事被被做做”。句句意意：飞飞机机起起飞飞前前一一小小时时，克克莱莱尔尔的的行行李李接接受受了了检检查查。由由于于名名词词luggage与与动动词词check之之间间为为被被动动关关系系，故故选择过去分词作宾语补足语。选择过去分词作宾语补足语。4. 2011湖湖南南，21The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expres

21、sing B. expressedC. to express D. to be expressed【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：表表达达想想法法的的能能力力和和想想法法本本身身一一样样重重要要。ability后后常常接接不不定定式式作作后后置置定定语语，the ability to do sth. 表示表示“做某事的能力做某事的能力”，故选，故选C。5. 2011天天津津，7Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A. to carry B. carryin

22、gC. to be carried D. being carried【解解析析】 选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词，句句意意：乘乘客客们们只只允允许许带带一一件件手手提提行行李李上上飞飞机机。根根据据permit sb. to do sth. 意意思思是是允允许许某某人人做做某某事，其被动形式为事，其被动形式为sb. be permitted to do sth. 故选故选A。6. 2011全全国国卷卷, 15The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to joinC. joined

23、 D. having joined【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：这这座座岛岛屿屿，通通过过桥桥连连接接到到了了大大陆陆，现现在在很很容容易易到到达达。join和和逻逻辑辑主主语语the island是是动动宾宾关系，故使用过去分词关系，故使用过去分词joined，答案为，答案为C。7. 2011重重 庆 ， 29 More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _ peoples concern over food safety. A. to raise B. raisin

24、gC. to have raised D. having raised【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：据据政政府府官官员员说说，还还要要制制作作更更多多的的电电视视节节目目以以提提高高人人们们对对食食品品安安全全的的关关注注。空空格格部部分分为为不不定定式式短短语语作作目目的的状状语语，C项项为为不不定定式式的的完完成成式式，表表示示动动作作发发生生在谓语动词之前，与句意不符，故选在谓语动词之前，与句意不符，故选A。8. 2011安安徽徽, 30Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate e

25、asier _ into small pieces. A. break B. breakingC. broken D. to break【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：汤汤姆姆问问糖糖果果制制造造商商他他们们能能否否把把巧巧克克力力制制作作得得更更易易弄弄碎碎。该该句句中中的的形形容容词词easier为为宾宾语语补补足足语语，相相当当于于表表语语的的作作用用，其其后后应应该该使使用用不不定定式式结结构构，类类似似于于It is +adj. + to do. . . 结构，故选择结构，故选择D项。项。9. 2011福福建建，23Tsinghua University,

26、 _ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found B. foundingC. founded D. to be founded【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：建建立立于于1911年年的的清清华华大大学学是是成成就就大大量量杰杰出出人人物物的的所所在在地地。Tsinghua University(清清华华大大学学)和和found(建立建立)之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。10. 2011四四川川, 16_ an important

27、 role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous. A. Offer B. OfferingC. Offered D. To offer【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：在在新新电电影影中中，安安迪迪被被给给予予了了一一个个重重要要角角色色，获获得得了了出出名名的的机机会会。Andy 与与动动词词offer是是逻逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动，故选辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动，故选C。11. 2011浙浙江江, 19If they win the final tonight, th

28、e team are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters. A. being cheered B. be cheeredC. to be cheered D. were cheered【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：如如果果他他们们今今晚晚赢赢了了决决赛赛，所所有有队队员员就就去去参参加加由由热热情情的的支支持持者者赞赞助助的的环环城城旅旅游游。由由于于比比赛赛结结果果还还不不可可得得知知，所所以以这这只只是是一一个个将将来来的的打打算算，所所以以用用动动词词不不定定式式的

29、的被被动动式式表表示示将将来来。A、B、D项项均均不不能能表表示示将将来来的的意意义义，所以只能选所以只能选C。12. 2011湖湖南南，23The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting B. to selectC. selected D. having selected【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：这这些些从从全全国国挑挑选选出出来来的的选选手手都都被被期期待待在在这这次次夏夏季季赛赛事事中中为为我我们们带

30、带来来荣荣誉誉。The players与与select是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。13. 2011福福建建，27The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable _ . A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold【解解析析】选选D。考考查查不不定定式式作作状状语语。句句意意：与与早早期期的的版版本本相相比比，厚厚度度和和重重量量上上的的不不同同使使得得iPad2拿拿起起

31、来来更更舒舒服服。在在“make+宾宾语语+宾宾语语补补足足语语”构构成成的的复复合合结结构构中中，形形容容词词后后面面可可用用不不定定式式作作状状语语。又又因因在在形形容容词词easy, difficult, hard, comfortable后后的的不不定定式式要用其主动形式表被动意义，故选要用其主动形式表被动意义，故选D。表表1 动词不定式和不定式和动词的的-ed形式的形式的时态与与语态及物及物动词不及物不及物动词主主动语态被被动语态主主动语态 及及物物与与不不及及物物语语态态时时态态别 类类一般式（与一般式（与谓语动作同作同时发生或在其后生或在其后发生）生） 动词不定不定式式to go

32、 to maketo be made进行式（在行式（在谓语动作作发生生时正在正在进行）行） to be going to be making及物及物动词不及物不及物动词主主动语态被被动语态主主动语态 及及物物与与不不及及物物语语态态时时态态别 类类动词不不定定式式to have gone 完成式（发生在谓语动完成式（发生在谓语动作之前）作之前）to have madeto have been madeto have beengoing 完成完成进行式（行式（发生在生在谓语动作之前并且一直持作之前并且一直持续到到谓语动作作发生生时，仍在仍在进行）行）to have been making及物及物

33、动词不及物不及物动词主主动语态被被动语态主主动语态 及及物物与与不不及及物物语语态态时时态态别 类类动词动词过去过去分词分词 一般式（表一般式（表动作作的被的被动或完成）或完成） made(表被表被动或完成或完成) gone (表完表完成成) 特特别提醒提醒 1. 当作定当作定语的不定式所修的不定式所修饰的的名名词或代或代词是不定式是不定式动作的承作的承受者受者时，不定式既可用主，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被，也可用被动语态，但其含，但其含义有所不同。有所不同。 Have you got anything to send? 你有什么你有什么东西要寄西要寄吗？(不定式不定式to send的的动

34、作作执行者是行者是“你你”)特特别提醒提醒 2. 不定式所修不定式所修饰的名的名词或代或代词和不定和不定式式逻辑上构成主上构成主谓关系关系时，不定式往，不定式往往用主往用主动形式。形式。3. 不定式作表不定式作表语形容形容词的状的状语,和句子和句子主主语构成构成逻辑上的上的动宾关系关系时不定式不定式多用主多用主动形式，常形式，常见的形容的形容词有：有：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, heavy, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible等。等。Have you got an

35、ything to be sent? 你你有有什什么么要要(我我或或别人人)寄的寄的东西西吗？(不定式不定式to be sent的的动作作执行行者是者是“我我”或或“别人人”)Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon with? (A knife cuts the watermelon. )特特别提醒提醒 4. 若若谓语为表示表示“愿望、打算、意愿望、打算、意图”的的动词时，如，如hope, think, want, plan, expect, mean, intend等，其后可以跟不定式的完成式，等，其后可以跟不定式的完成式，表示表示“本来想要或打算

36、做某事，而本来想要或打算做某事，而实际上未能上未能实现”。 This book is difficult to understand. 这本本书很很难懂。懂。We meant to have stopped him from doing such a thing. 我我们本本想想阻止他做阻止他做这件事。件事。 表表2 动词不定式和不定式和动词的的-ed形式的句法功能形式的句法功能类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 My goal is to be a scientist. 常用常用it作形式主语，作形式主语，谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数主主语语Its

37、very hard to learn an art.表表语表示主表示主语的的“职业，职责和性和性质”等等She pretended not to see me when I passed by. We agreed to meet here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. 宾语不定式可以作某些不定式可以作某些动词的的宾语。常。常见的有：的有：afford, agree, ask, decide, desire, pretend, plan, intend, refuse, wish, want等。等。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例

38、 示示动词不不定定式式 宾语不定式在介不定式在介词but, except, besides后面后面时，如果介，如果介词之前之前为动词do的某种形式，的某种形式，则后接不后接不带to的不定式，的不定式，否否则带to。此外，。此外，cannot choose but和和cannot help but, cannot but等后面的等后面的不定式也省略不定式也省略to。 We could do nothing but wait. We have no choice but to wait. We cant choose but wait. 类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示

39、动词不不定定式式 宾语tell, show, understand, know, explain, teach, learn, advise, discuss等等动词可跟可跟“疑疑问词+不定式不定式”。不定式作不定式作动词的的宾语, ,其后其后跟跟补足足语时, ,常用常用it作形式作形式宾语, ,而把不定式后置。而把不定式后置。I make it a rule to do tai chi every morning.I dont know what to do. 类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 The Browns have a comfortab

40、le house to live in. He has no money and no place to live (in). 定定语不定式和所修不定式和所修饰的的词之之间有有动宾关系，如果不定式关系，如果不定式中的中的动词是不及物是不及物动词, 后后面就要有相面就要有相应的介的介词。但。但是，不定式所修是，不定式所修饰的名的名词如果是如果是time, place或或way 时，不定式后面的介不定式后面的介词习惯上上可省去。可省去。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 定定语I must keep the promise to pay back the

41、money within a month. 不定式与被修不定式与被修饰的的词有有逻辑上的主上的主谓关系。关系。She is always the first to come to school.说明所修明所修饰的名的名词的内容的内容, 与与该词存在同位关系。常存在同位关系。常用于用于chance, opportunity, time, money, decision, refusal, wish, right等等词后。后。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 宾(主主)语补足足语 Its hard to persuade Dad to give up s

42、moking. 此此类动词有有: advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, teach, tell, order等。等。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 宾(主主)语补足足语 I heard her sing an English song just now. Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. My neighbour was heard to lock the door. 动词不定式作不定

43、式作动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, observe等感官等感官动词以及以及have, let, make等使役等使役动词后面的后面的宾语补足足语时，不定式符号不定式符号to要省略。但要省略。但如果如果这些句子些句子变成被成被动结构构时，必，必须带to。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 宾(主主)语补足足语 He is said to have gone abroad. This award is considered to be a great honour. 注意下列注意下列结构中用不定构中用不定式作主式作主语补

44、足足语，它，它们是：是：sb. /sth. be said/believed/known/reported/considered/found/thought to do/to have done/to be done/ to have been done类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 状状语 In order to pass the exam, he worked hard. He was so angry as to be unable to speak. 动词不定式作状不定式作状语时，表，表示目的、示目的、结果、原因等。果、原因等。He sat

45、 down to have a rest. He was astonished to hear the news. They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.目目 的的 状状 语 还 可可 以以 用用 in order to或或so as to来来表表示示，但但so as to不不能能置置于于句句首首; only to do, so. . . as to do和和such. . . as to do中中的的不不定式均作定式均作结果状果状语。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词的的-ed形形式式 The

46、window was broken. 表表语表示状表示状态He is an experienced teacher. The book published in March sells well. 定定语相当于一个定相当于一个定语从句从句,表示被表示被动或完成或完成,单个分个分词要前置要前置,分分词短短语作定作定语时后置。后置。I saw the horse tied to a tree. 宾语补足足语及物及物动词的的过去分去分词作作宾语补足足语, 与与宾语有有逻辑上的上的动宾关系，且表完成。关系，且表完成。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 Sepa

47、rated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. 状状语语一般式（一般式（done）同）同动词的的-ing形式的被形式的被动完成式完成式(having been done)均与均与句中主句中主语构成构成逻辑上的上的动宾关系，且先于关系，且先于谓语动作而作而发生。生。类别句法句法功能功能要要 点点 归 纳典典 句句 例例 示示动词不不定定式式 状状语语Being blind, ho

48、w could they see an elephant? Given a chance, we can surprise the world. 过去分词和动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形形式作状语时，其逻辑主式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保语必须与句子的主语保持一致，且和句中主语持一致，且和句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓或动构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用宾关系，否则不能使用它们作状语。它们作状语。 特特别提提醒醒 1. 不定式的否定形式的构成：不定式的否定形式的构成：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式的符号不定式的否定形式是在不定式的符号“to”前前直接加上直接加上not, 有有时为

49、了了强强调也可以用否定也可以用否定词never来否定。来否定。Its wrong of you not to go to school on time. 2. 感官感官动词(see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice）后接不）后接不带to的不定式作的不定式作宾补时表表示完成，接示完成，接现在分在分词作作宾语补足足语时，表示正在，表示正在进行，接行，接过去分去分词作作宾语补足足语时表示被表示被动。特特别提提醒醒 3. 注意以下句式：注意以下句式：(1)have sth. done=get sth. done使使/让某某事事由由别人人

50、去做；使遭受去做；使遭受(2)have sb. do sth. =get sb. to do sth. 使使/让/叫叫某某人去做某事人去做某事(3)have sb. /sth. doing使使/让某人某人/物持物持续地做某事地做某事get sb. /sth. doing使某人使某人/物开始行物开始行动起来起来 (4)leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事某人一直做某事(5)leave sth. undone留下某事未做留下某事未做 特特别提提醒醒 （6）leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事留下某人做某事（7）leave sth. to be done 留

51、下某事要被做留下某事要被做（8）forget（9）rememberto do sth. 忘忘记做某事做某事doing sth. 忘忘记已已经做做过某事某事to do sth. 记住要做某事住要做某事doing sth. 记得曾得曾经做做过某事某事特特别提提醒醒 （10）regret（11）stop（12）tryto do sth. 遗憾要去做某事憾要去做某事doing sth. 后悔做后悔做过某事某事to do sth. 停下来去做某事停下来去做某事doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事to do sth. 努力做某事努力做某事doing sth. 尝试着做某事着做某事特特别提提醒醒 4.

52、 现在在分分词作作定定语表表示示正正在在进行行，过去去分分词作作定定语表示已表示已经完成。完成。 boiling water沸沸腾的水的水 boiled water开水开水表表3 独立主格独立主格结构构 独独立立主主格格结构构，就就是是分分词有有其其自自己己的的独独立立主主语，可可以以不不与与句句子子的的主主语保保持持一一致致。独独立立主主格格结构构没没有有谓语，所所以以在在语法法上上不不是是句句子子。此此结构构在在句句子子中中起起原原因因、方方式式、时间、条条件件、伴伴随随状状语从从句句的的作作用用。独独立立主主格格结构构应与与句句子子的的主主体体部部分分分分隔隔开开来来。其功能和用法其功能

53、和用法见下表：下表：表表 现 形形 式式意意 义典典 句句 例例 示示现在分在分词表主表主动或正在或正在进行，行，过去分去分词表被表被动或或已已经完成完成 现在分现在分词词/ /过过去分词去分词名词名词/ /代词代词+ +Weather permitting, well go out for a walk. Homework finished, the boy went out to play. The exam to be held tomorrow, I cant go to the cinema tonight. 表将来，表将来，计划安排划安排要做的事要做的事不定式不定式形容形容词/副副

54、词 介介词短短语 表示名表示名词或代或代词所所处的状的状态 Our lessons(being)over, we went to play football. 表位置表位置 The girl is walking in the field, packet on the back. 表表 现 形形 式式意意 义典典 句句 例例 示示表主表主动或或进行行 现在分在分词 with+名名词/代代词+ They pretended to be working all night with their lights burning. She had to walk home with her bike s

55、tolen. 表被表被动或完成或完成 过去分去分词 不定式不定式 介介词短短语 表将来表将来 I cant go out to play with so much homework to do. 表位置表位置 He went to sleep with lights on. 形容词形容词 表状态表状态 He used to sleep with windows open. 副词副词 表状态表状态 The children came running toward us, with flowers in their hands. 1. 2012郑州州模模拟Some people try to kn

56、ock me down, only _ me more determined to do better. A. to make B. makesC. having made D. made【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：一一些些人人试试图图将将我我击击垮垮，结结果果却却让让我我决决心心干干得得更更好好。根根据据语语意意可可知知空空格格处处是是不不定定式式短短语语作结果状语，通常与作结果状语，通常与only连用，表示出乎意料的结果。连用，表示出乎意料的结果。2. 2012西西安安模模拟Upon arriving home, I was surprised to fin

57、d the paper I had had _ was missing. A. to be prepared B. to prepareC. preparing D. prepared【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：我我一一到到家家就就惊惊奇奇地地发发现现我我事事先先让让人人准准备备的的文文件件不不见见了了。（that/which）I had had prepared是是定定语语从从句句，修修饰饰先先行行词词the paper, 从从句句中中含含有有一一个个have sth. done 结结构构，表表示示“让让别别人人做做某某事事”。prepared过过去去分分词作

58、宾语补足语。词作宾语补足语。3. The 2011 International University Games _ in Shenzhen appealed to a lot of people across the world. Aheld Bhaving heldCbeing held Dto be held【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：在在深深圳圳举举行行的的2011年年世世界界大大学学生生运运动动会会吸吸引引了了全全世世界界的的许许多多人人。the 2011 International University Games与与hold之间为被动关系，故用过去

59、分词作定语。之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。4. 2012哈哈尔尔滨模模拟_ the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. A. Completing B. CompleteC. Completed D. To complete【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：为为了了按按计计划划完完成成工工程程，我我们们将将不不得得不不每每天天多多工工作作两两个个小小时时。根根据据后后半半句句中中的的内内容容可可知知前半句表示目的，所以用不定式作目的状语。前半句表示目的，所以用不定式作目的状语。5

60、. 2012成成都都模模拟Mary, _ for her healthy lifestyle, was pictured on the front cover of Life Style magazine. A. knowing B. to knowC. known D. being known【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：Mary以以她她健健康康的的生生活活方方式式而而出出名名，她她的的照照片片被被登登在在Life Style杂杂志志的的封封面面上上。（be） known for 意意思思是是“因因为为而而出出名名”，known for her healthy

61、lifestyle在此作原因状语。在此作原因状语。6. 2012北北京京模模拟Lady Gaga has put off her concerts because of the difficulties _ by the ongoing strikes. A. causing B. to causeC. to be caused D. caused【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。根根据据题题意意可可知知，cause和和difficulties是是动动宾宾关关系系，因因此此用用cause的的过过去去分分词词形形式式。过过去去分分词词短短语语caused by the ongoi

62、ng strikes 在在句句中中作作定定语语，修修饰饰difficulties。7. 2012银川川模模拟All the injured in the disaster are believed _ in time. A. treating B. to treatC. to be treated D. to be treating【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：人人们们相相信信灾灾难难中中的的所所有有伤伤员员都都得得到到了了及及时时的的治治疗疗。此此处处考考查查的的是是be believed to do sth. 结结构构，the injured与与treat之之

63、间间是是动动宾宾关关系系，故故用用动动词词不不定定式式的的被动结构。被动结构。8. _ their final medical check, the astronauts boarded their spacecraft. A. Received B. Being receivedC. To receive D. Having received【解解析析】选选D。句句意意：接接受受完完最最后后的的体体检检后后，宇宇航航员员们们登登上上了了他他们们的的太太空空船船。receive的的动动作作发发生生在在board之之前前故故应应用用其其完完成成时时态态。the astronauts与与recei

64、ve之之间间为为主主动动关关系系，应应用用其其现现在在分分词词形形式式作状语，综合而知答案为作状语，综合而知答案为D。9. Always remember that your own decision _ is more important than anything else. A. to succeed B. succeedingC. having succeeded D. succeeded【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：永永远远记记住住，你你想想要要成成功功的的决决定定比比别别的的什什么么东东西西都都重重要要。不不定定式式短短语语to succeed在在句句

65、中中作作后置定语，表示将来的动作。后置定语，表示将来的动作。10.2012温温州州模模拟Everyone had a form in his hand, but no one knew which office _.A.to have it sent B.to sent itC.to be sent to D.to send it to【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：每每人人手手上上都都有有一一张张表表，但但没没人人知知道道该该把把表表送送到到哪哪个个办办公公室室。send这这个个动动作作的的执执行行者者是是no one，要要用用不不定定式式的的主主动动形形式式，办

66、办公公室室是是表表格格要要送送去去的的地地点点，要用表趋势的介词要用表趋势的介词to，所以用，所以用to send it to 结构。结构。11. Bill did everything he could _ to me. A. avoid talking B. to avoid talkingC. avoid to talk D. to avoid to talk【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：比比尔尔尽尽可可能能避避免免和和我我说说话话。分分析析结结构构do everything he could to do sth. 尽尽力力做做某某事事，不不定式作目的状语。

67、定式作目的状语。avoid doing sth. 避免做某事。避免做某事。12. The big fire in Shanghai, believed to _ due to the burning of construction materials, caused 58 deaths and destroyed all the belongings of the people thereAhave occurred BoccurChave been occurring Dbe occurring【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：上上海海的的那那次次大大火火，被被认认

68、为为是是由由焚焚烧烧建建筑筑材材料料而而引引起起的的，导导致致了了58人人死死亡亡并并且且毁毁掉掉了了那那儿儿人人们们的的所所有有财财产产。根根据据句句意意可可知知，该该动动作作已已经经发发生生，故故用用不不定式的完成式。定式的完成式。13. The power station _ a few years ago has greatly benefited the local people. A. being built B. buildingC. built D. to be built【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：几几年年前前建建的的电电站站使使当当地地人人获

69、获益益颇颇多多。build与与the power station为为动动宾宾关关系系，且且由由a few years ago可知该动作已经发生，故用过去分词。可知该动作已经发生，故用过去分词。14. 2012绵阳阳模模拟Everything _ into consideration, she thought it wise not to apply for that job. A. taken B. to be takenC. having taken D. to take【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：综综合合考考虑虑，她她认认为为不不申申请请那那份份工工作作是是

70、明明智智的的。take. . . into consideration把把考考虑虑在在内内，everything与与take之之间间为为被被动动关关系系，因因此此用用过过去去分分词词，构构成成独立主格结构。独立主格结构。15. 2012杭杭州州模模拟The careless driver is _ for the traffic accident _ yesterday. A. to blame; happened B. to blame; happeningC. to be blamed; happened D. to be blamed; happening【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非

71、谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：这这个个粗粗心心的的司司机机应应为为昨昨天天发发生生的的事事故故负负责责。the traffic accident与与happen为为逻逻辑辑上上的的主主谓关系，故用现在分词；谓关系，故用现在分词；be to blame该受责备，承担责任。该受责备，承担责任。16. 2012长春春模模拟We all think that the plan you suggest _ the work is very practicalA. completing B. completedC. to complete D. should complete【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非

72、谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：我我们们都都认认为为你你提提议议的的那那个个完完成成工工作作的的计计划划很很实实际际。不不定定式式to complete the work作作后后置置定语，修饰定语，修饰the plan。17. 2012济宁宁模模拟My wallet is nowhere _ . It must have been stolen when I was on the bus. A. to find B. findingC. to be found D. being found 【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：我我的的钱钱包包哪哪儿儿也也找找不不到到。一定是

73、在公共汽车上被偷了。一定是在公共汽车上被偷了。nowhere to be found哪儿也找不到。哪儿也找不到。18. With her eyes _ the work attentively, she didnt know what was happening outside. A. fixed on B. focusedC. fixing on D. focusing 【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：她她两两眼眼集集中中在在她她的的工工作作上上，根根本本不不知知道道外外面面发发生生的的事事情情。fix ones eyes on sth. 集集中中目目光光于于某某

74、事事，eyes和和fix之之间间为为动动宾宾关关系系，故故用用其其过过去去分分词词形形式式，B项后面缺少介词可排除。项后面缺少介词可排除。19. Pleasant as they made it _ in Jiuzhaigou, we felt tired after the long journey. A. to travel B. travelC. travelled D. travelling【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：尽尽管管他他们们把把九九寨寨沟沟的的旅旅行行组组织织得得很很完完美美，但但长长途途旅旅行行后后，我我们们仍仍然然很很疲疲惫惫。it 为为形

75、形式式宾语，不定式宾语，不定式to travel in Jiuzhaigou 作真正的宾语。作真正的宾语。20. Now we could not do anything but _ for him here. A. waited B. waiting C. to wait D. wait【解解析析】选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：现现在在我我们们除除了了在在这这儿儿等等他他之之外外别别无无选选择择。could not do anyhing but do. . . 除除做做外外别别无选择。介词无选择。介词but前如有前如有do的任何形式，其后的不定式要省略的任何形式，其后的不定

76、式要省略to。21. In order not to be found, Ill spend the night _ in your room. A. locking B. lockedC. to lock D. lock【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：为为了了不不被被找找到到，把把我我锁锁在在你你房房间间里里一一个个晚晚上上。locked in your room作作方方式式状状语语，修修饰饰spend。22. Remember _ the lights when you leave the house. A. to turn off B. turning off

77、C. to turn on D. turning on【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：当当你你离离开开房房间间时时记记着着关关灯灯。remember to do sth. 记记住住要要做做某某事事；remember doing sth. 记得做过某事。记得做过某事。23. _ by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，they decided to visit the small old town againAStruck BTo be struckCHaving struck DBeing str

78、uck【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：由由于于上上次次参参观观时时被被其其建建筑筑之之美美所所吸吸引引，他他们们决决定定再再参参观观一一次次那那个个小小小小的的古古城城。strike的的逻逻辑辑主主语语是是句句子子的的主主语语they，并并与与其其构构成成被被动动关关系系，因因此此用用过过去分词。去分词。24. .2012杭杭州州模模拟 _ alone in a dark room, the little girl was so _ at the _ sound. A. Left; frightening; frighteningB. Left; frightene

79、d; frighteningC. Leaving; frightened; frighteningD. Leaving; frightening; frightened【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：被被单单独独留留在在黑黑暗暗的的房房间间里里，这这个个小小女女孩孩听听见见令令人人可可怕怕的的声声音音害害怕怕极极了了。the little girl作作leave的的逻逻辑辑主主语语，并并与与其其构构成成被被动动关关系系，故故用用过过去去分分词词形形式式。frightened可可 怕怕 的的 ， 表表 示示 人人 的的 感感 受受 ， 其其 主主 语语 往往 往往 是

80、是 人人 ，frightening令人害怕的，其主语往往是物。令人害怕的，其主语往往是物。25. 2012枣庄庄模模拟All her time _ experiments, she has no time for films. A. devoted to do B. devoted to doingC. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：由由于于专专心心于于实实验验，她她没没时时间间看看电电影影。devote. . . to. . . 致致力力于于，专专心心于于，devote及及物物动动词词与与time之间为动宾关系，之间为动宾关系，to为介词，故为介词，故B项正确。项正确。