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1、 省省略略是是高高考考考考纲纲要要求求掌掌握握的的内内容容之之一一，在在日日常常阅阅读读活活动动或或口口语语表表达达中中经经常常出出现现或或使使用用，高高考考中中也也有有考考查查。学学习习时时应应注注意意以以下下几几点点：一一：注注重重对对省省略略句句的的理理解解 二二：重重点点掌掌握握几几种种常考的省略现象，如不定式的省略、状语从句的省略等。常考的省略现象，如不定式的省略、状语从句的省略等。观察下列两察下列两组句子，注意其区句子，注意其区别。受压时变白受压时变白除除非非衣衣服服粘粘贴贴在在烧烧伤伤面面上上，否否则则应应把把衣衣服服脱脱掉掉。如如果果有有必必要要，可以使用剪刀。可以使用剪刀。句
2、句中中when pressed是被省略的是被省略的时间状状语从句，从句，补全后是全后是when it is pressed 。在。在时间状状语从句中，当从句主从句中，当从句主语与主句与主句的主的主语一致且从句的一致且从句的动词是是be的某种形式的某种形式时，从句中的主，从句中的主语和和be动词可以省略。可以省略。句句中中if necessary是省略形式，是省略形式，补全后是全后是 if it is necessary 。if条件句中如果主条件句中如果主语是是it(主句的主主句的主语也是也是it时)，且又有系，且又有系动词is/was时，则可以省略可以省略 it is/was 。类似的似的结构
3、构还有：有：if any (如果有如果有)，if possible (如果可能的如果可能的话)，if so (如果如果这样)，if not (如果不是如果不是的的话). 简单句中的省略句中的省略在同一个句子或在同一个句子或对话中，中，为了避免重复，作了避免重复，作宾语或作或作补足足语的不定式再次出的不定式再次出现时，不定式符号，不定式符号to后面的内容常常省略，后面的内容常常省略，只保留不定式符号只保留不定式符号to。1. 在在动词advise, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try,
4、 want, wish等后面。等后面。The students want to enter the lab, but the monitor advises them not to ( enter the lab ). 2. 在在“系系动词(be)+形容形容词”结构中，即构中，即be afraid/ready/glad/happy/willing。 Could you go shopping with me? Im glad to ( go shopping with you )(我我乐意去意去). (glad)3. 在在see, watch, hear, feel, observe, not
5、ice, look at, listen to等感等感观动词(组)及使役及使役动词let, make, have 后的后的“宾语+动词不定式作不定式作宾语补足足语”的的结构中，不定式符号构中，不定式符号to必必须省略。省略。 I saw her leave just now. 我看我看见她离开了。她离开了。The children were made to work more than 16 hours a day. 这些孩子些孩子们每天被每天被强强迫工作超迫工作超过16个小个小时。. 复合句中的省略复合句中的省略1. 状状语从句中的省略从句中的省略(1)在在when，while，if， as
6、 if，though/although，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等等连词(组)连接的状接的状语从句中，从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主常省略跟主句相同的主语和和be动词。When ( I am ) in trouble, I always turn to her for help. 我困我困难时总是找她帮忙。是找她帮忙。 (2)在在“when (if，where，wherever，whenever，as soon as，as fast as，than等等)+possible/necessary/important等等”结构中，构中，可理解可理解为中中间省
7、略了省略了it is(或或was)。When ( it is ) necessary, you can help us to do something. 必要必要时你可以帮助我你可以帮助我们做些事。做些事。(3)so代替肯定的句子，而代替肯定的句子，而not代替否定的句子。代替否定的句子。He may not be at home, if so ( he is not at home ), leave him a note. 他可能不在家，如果那他可能不在家，如果那样的的话，给他留个便条。他留个便条。 2. 定定语从句中的省略从句中的省略(1)在在限限制制性性定定语从从句句中中，作作宾语的的关
8、关系系代代词that，which, whom可可以以省省略略；在在以以the same. . . as和和such. . . as引引导的的定定语从从句句中中，可可以以省省略略与与主主句句相相同同的的部部分分；在在the way, the direction等等表表示示方方式式、方方法法或或方方向向的的词或或词组后后面面的的定定语从从句中，可以省略句中，可以省略that，in which。He is not the boy ( that / who ) he was. 他不再是以前的他了。他不再是以前的他了。I dont like such books as these ( are ). 我不
9、喜欢这种书。我不喜欢这种书。I dont like the way ( in which ) he speaks to his mother. 我不喜欢他对母亲说话的方式。我不喜欢他对母亲说话的方式。 (2)定定语从句中的从句中的“主主语+系系动词”可以省略。可以省略。The goods ( which were ) ordered last month havent arrived yet. 上个月上个月订的的货还没到。没到。(3)先行先行词是是time, reason, place等等时，作状，作状语的关系副的关系副词when, why, where也可以省略。也可以省略。This is
10、the first time ( when ) he had trouble with his boss. 这是他第一次和老板是他第一次和老板闹得不愉快。得不愉快。 3. 宾语从句中的省略从句中的省略(1)在在know, think, consider, find, explain等等动词后跟后跟宾语从从句句时，连词that可以省略，若有多个可以省略，若有多个宾语从句从句时，只有第一，只有第一个个that可以省略。可以省略。The manager explained (that) the task was difficult and that the weather was bad. 经理理说
11、任任务艰巨而且天气糟糕。巨而且天气糟糕。(2)由由which, when, where, how等引等引导的的宾语从句，后部分从句，后部分可全部省略。可全部省略。He will come back, but we dont know when ( he will come back ). 他会回来的，可是我他会回来的，可是我们不知道他什么不知道他什么时候回来。候回来。1. 句型句型转换(把下列句子把下列句子变成省略句成省略句)Mr. Li picked up a coin in the road and Mr. Li handed it to the police. Mr. Li picked
12、 up a coin in the road and handed it to the police . To some life is pleasure, and to others life is suffering. To some life is pleasure , and to others suffering . Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework. Jack must have been playing football and Mary doing he
13、r homework . Jack will sing at the party, but I know John wont sing at the party. Jack will sing at the party , but I know John wont . 2. 单项填空填空Hello, may I speak to Bill, please? _. A. Bill speakingB. Thats BillC. Speaking to BillD. Im speaking【解解析析】选A。这是是一一个个电话用用语的的省省略略形形式式，其其对应的的完完整句是：整句是：This is
14、 Bill speaking. 。Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Dont you forget it! OK, I _. A. wontB. dontC. willD. do【解解析析】选A。对于于祈祈使使句句，省省略略回回答答中中常常用用I will表表示示“乐于去做某事于去做某事”；用；用I wont表示表示“将不会将不会发生某事生某事”。 _ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before. 2011辽宁高考宁高考A. WhichB. WhatC. Ho
15、wD. Whether【解解析析】选B。考考查感感叹句句。句句意意：多多么么奇奇怪怪的的植植物物啊啊！我我以以前前从从没没见过。此此处为“What +a/an+adj. +n+it is/was”的的省略省略结构。构。When you have some difficulty _ the problem, you can turn to me for help. A. to solveB. solvingC. solvedD. solve【解解析析】选B。考考查固固定定句句型型have difficulty (in) doing sth。在在本本结构构中中，介介词in可可以以省省略略。句句意意
16、：当当你你在在解解决决这个个问题遇到困遇到困难的的时候，你可以向我求助。候，你可以向我求助。_ with his room, mine is not big at all. A. CompareB. When comparingC. ComparingD. When compared【解解析析】选D。当当表表示示“与与进行行比比较时”，用用compared with结构。构。In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _. A. that used to beB. it is used toC. it
17、was used toD. it used to be【解解析析】选D。考考查不不定定式式的的省省略略。表表示示 “过去去常常常常”用用used to do. . . , 并且本并且本题中中动词原形原形be不能省略。不能省略。Whats the matter with Della? Well, her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party, but she still_. A. hopes toB. hopes soC. hopes notD. hopes for【解解析析】选A。固固定定搭搭配配hope to do sth. 在在用用不不定
18、定式式作作简略略回回答答时, 常常将不定式常常将不定式to之后的内容省略。之后的内容省略。 _ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. 2011天津高考天津高考A. TranslatingB. Translated C. To translateD. Having translated【解解析析】选B。结合合省省略略考考查非非谓语动词。句句意意: 翻翻译成成英英语后后，发现这个个句句子子的的词序序全全变了了。空空格格补全全后后是是When the sentence was tr
19、anslated，因此空格，因此空格处需要用需要用过去分去分词。The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. 2011全国卷全国卷A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined【解解析析】选C。结合合非非谓语动词考考查省省略略。句句意意：这个个岛由由一一座座桥和和大大陆连接接着着，很很容容易易去去的的。island和和join之之间是是被被动关关系系，故故需需用用过去去分分词。joined to the mainland by a bridge是是定定语从从句句which i
20、s joined to the mainland by a bridge的的省省略。略。Which would you like, chicken or fish? _A. I dont think so. B. What if? C. Both. D. Neither can I. 【解解析析】选C。由由题意意知知C项可可以以恢恢复复为：Id like them both / both of them。Who should be responsible for the accident? The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the
21、 order _. A. as toldB. as are toldC. as tellingD. as they told【解解析析】选A。此此题考考查状状语从从句句的的省省略略as told=as they were told, 此此处是是as引引导的的方方式式状状语从从句句的的省省略略。当当从从句句主主语与与主主句句主主语一一致致, 且且谓语动词含含有有be时, 可可将将从从句句的的主主语和和be省略。又因省略。又因为workers与与tell之之间是被是被动关系关系, 排除排除C、D。My school is very beautiful. _. A. So is mineB. So
22、mine isC. So does mineD. So mine does【解解析析】选A。当当两两者者情情况况或或意意思思完完全全相相同同时，答答句句由由so引引出出，出出现省省略略现象象，同同时还要要注注意意需需用用倒倒装装结构构，表表示示“也也”。So is mine. 相相当当于于My school is very beautiful, too. 。I think you look very nice in the red dress. _. A. Oh, no, not nice at allB. Glad you think soC. Dont like red D. You ar
23、e kind, indeed【解解析析】选B。由由语境境知知，答答句句对应的的完完整整句句为I am glad that you think I look very nice in the red dress. 。 It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _, wed better take it to the garage immediately. 2011江江苏高考高考A. OtherwiseB. If notC. But for thatD. If so【解解析析】选D。考考查省省略略和和替替代代。句句意意：听听起起来来车的的引引擎擎好好像像有有问题，如如果果那那样的的话，我我们最最好好立立刻刻把把它它弄弄到到汽汽修修厂厂去去。前前后后两两句句话之之间是是顺承承关关系系。otherwise否否则，要要不不然然；if not如如果果不不这样的的话；but for that若若不不是是因因为；if so若若是是这样。同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
