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1、中考语法复习中考语法复习动 词一一. .动词的分类动词的分类三三. .动词的语态动词的语态二二. .动词的时态动词的时态四四. .非谓语动词非谓语动词动词分类动词分类概念概念能独立作谓语的动词能独立作谓语的动词如：put run laugh本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。须和表语一起构成谓语。如：be look get本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。作谓语。如：be does did有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度而仅仅表达说话人的态度如:ca
2、n must may。实义动词实义动词系动词系动词助动词助动词情态动词情态动词（一）实义动词（一）实义动词1._ 本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 I like the book.2. _自身意思完整，无需接宾语。 Birds can fly.及物动词及物动词不及物动词不及物动词1、有些动词后面可跟不定式作宾补：、有些动词后面可跟不定式作宾补： ask sb (not) to do sth tell sb (not) to do sth want sb (not) to dot sth2、有些动词后面可跟双宾语，间宾置前时，相应加有些动词后面可跟双宾语，间宾置前时，相应加上介词上介
3、词to或或for: give sb sth = give shte to sb buy sb sth = buy sth for sb teach sb sth3、有些动词后面只可跟动词有些动词后面只可跟动词-ing，不可跟动词不定不可跟动词不定式：式： enjoy doing sth mind doing sth行为动词行为动词4、有些动词后面可跟不定式也可跟动词有些动词后面可跟不定式也可跟动词-ing，但其但其义不同：义不同：remember doing sthRemember to do sthforget doing sthforget to do sthlike doing sthl
4、ike to do sthstop doing sthstop to do sth、有些动词宾语后面可跟动词，也可跟动词原形，有些动词宾语后面可跟动词，也可跟动词原形，其义大不同：其义大不同：watch sb/sth doing sthwatch sb/sth do sthsee sb/sth doing sthsee sb/sth do sth行为动词行为动词返返回回词义辨析词义辨析 1) _ 表“习惯做某事”； _表“过去常常做某事” _表“被用来做什么”be (get) used to doingused to dobe used to doPens _ write.I _getting
5、 up early.I _get up early.are used toam used toused to词义辨析词义辨析 2) _ +“大地点”； _+“小地点” _+“地点名词” _是及物动词，+“地点名词”arrive inarrive atget toreach词义辨析词义辨析 3) _ 表“借入”；from _表“借出”to _表“长时间的借” borrowlendkeep词义辨析词义辨析 4) _ 表“给某人穿衣服”； _表“穿上”，强调动作； _表“穿着，戴着”， 强调状态。 dress sb.put onwear词义辨析词义辨析 5) _ “看见”，表结果； _ “看”，表动
6、作，不及物； _ “看(比赛，电视)” _ “看(书、报)”，表阅读 seelook (at)watchread词义辨析词义辨析 6) _ “带来，拿来” ； _ “拿去，带走； _ “扛，搬” ，用力移动，无方向 _ “去取，去拿”， 表往返拿物 bringtakecarryfetch, get词义辨析词义辨析 7) _ “死” ，不及物动词； _ “死的”， 形容词，表状态； _ “死” ，名词 _ “垂死的”，形容词 diedeaddeathdying词义辨析词义辨析 8) _ “说（语言）” ，“发言”； _ “说（内容）”， 及物； _ “谈论某事” ； _ “谈论某人” _ “告诉
7、” speaksaytalk about sth.talk to (with) sb.tell词义辨析词义辨析 9) _ “花钱（时间）” ，人做主语； _ “花钱”， 人做主语； _ “花钱” ，物做主语 _ “花时间”，物做主语 spendpaycosttake词义辨析词义辨析 10) _ “寻找” ，强调过程； _ “找到”， 强调结果； _ “找出，查明（起因）” _ “听”，强调过程 _“听到”，强调结果 look forfindfind outlisten (to)hear词义辨析词义辨析 11) _ the game “赢” _ the game “输”， _ sb. “打败（某
8、人）” _ in the game “失败” winlosebeat (defeat)fail词义辨析词义辨析 12) _ 表“丢失，失去”； _表“忘记”； _表“把某物落在某处”。 loseforgetleave词义辨析词义辨析 13) _ 表“想到”； _表“考虑”； _表“仔细考虑”。 think ofthink aboutthink over词义辨析词义辨析 14) _ 表“加入”； _表“参加（活动）”； _表“出席（会议）”。 join (the party)take part inattend (a meeting)词义辨析词义辨析 15) _red _dark _cold _
9、short / long turnget / growget / becomeget 1.Howmuchmoneydidyou_onthedictionary?-29yuan.A.payB.spendC.costD.takeChoosethebestanswer 2.It_almost10yearstobuildPanzhihuaErtanpowerstation,thesecondlargestpowerstationinAsia.A.spentB.tookC.costD.paid 3.Wouldyouplease_theTV?Icanhardlyheartheconversationbet
10、weenthetwospeakers.A.turnonB.turnupC.turnoffD.turndown 4.TomandJim_friendssincetheymeteachotherforthefirsttimefiveyearsago.A.wereB.havebecomeC.havemadeD.havebeen 5.Imafraidtheotherstudentswill_mebecauseIcantanswerthequestion.A.laughatB.hearfromC.agreewithD.waitfor 6.Nancy,dontalways_thatoldjacket.It
11、looksterrible.-ButIthinkitscool,Mom.A.wearB.dressC.putonD.takeoff 7.Nofreeplasticbagsinthesupermarkethelpsto_whitepollution.A.reduceB.removeC.provideD.produce 8.Iamgreatlyinterestedinthispainting.Somethinginit_thepaintersdeeplovefornature.A.expectsB.discussesC.expressesD.imagines 9.Oh,Iveleftmyschoo
12、lbagintheclassroom.-Dontworry.Ill_itforyou.A.bringB.getC.takeD.carry 10.WhataniceMP3!Isityours?-Ofcourse.I_180yuanonit.A.costB.tookC.spentD.paid 11.Therestoomuchsunshine.-Yeah.Wedbetter_sunglasses.A.putawayB.putonC.takeoffD.takeout 12.Thedoctor_a_boyyesterday.A.hadsaved;dyingB.saved;deadC.hassaved;d
13、eadD.saved;dying（二）系动词（二）系动词1.表表“状态状态”：look, seem, taste, smell, feel, sound, be, keep, stay2. 表表“变化变化”:turn, get, grow, fall, become, come, goChoosethebestanswer 1.Thewater_coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feelsChoosethebestanswer2.Heshookhishead_andlooked_whenh
14、ewastoldthebadnews.A.sadly;sadlyB.sad;sadC.sadly;sadD.sad;sadlyChoosethebestanswer3.Ilovetogototheforestinsummer.It_goodtowalkintheforestorsitintheshadeoftrees.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes4.-Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskatingontheweekend.-_good.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds状态变化系动词状态变化系动词系动词系动词用法用法习惯
15、搭配习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化朝坏的方面变化wrong, bad, mad, hungry, blind etc.表颜色等表颜色等red, green表成长中的变化表成长中的变化strong, tall由动态到静态转变由动态到静态转变ill, sick, asleep转向好的状态转向好的状态true, alive常用来指人或物的常用来指人或物的状态的变化状态的变化become 接名词接名词时时,名词前接冠词名词前接冠词gocometurngrowfallgetbecomeChoosethebestanswer1.Thediscussion_alivewhenaninterestingtopicwa
16、sbroughtin.A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.hascomeD.came2.Thetrafficlights_greenandIpulledaway.A.cameB.grewC.gotD.turned3.-Isyourheadachegetting_?-No,itsworse.A.betterB.badC.lessD.well4.-Wouldyouadvisemeonhowtostay_?-Trytoliveregularly,eatmorevegetablesandbeinagoodstateofmind.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.mor
17、ehealthily5.Thedoglooked_.Theboylooked_atthepoordog.A.dead;sadB.dying;sadlyC.deadly;sadlyD.dying;sad6.Thecloththatsheboughtlooks_,feels_andsells_.A.beautiful;soft;wellB.beauty;softly;wellC.beautifully;softly;goodD.beautiful;soft;good（三）情态动词（三）情态动词一一.can,could,beabletoI.can 1 1）表）表“能力能力”He can speak
18、five languages. 2 2）表）表“许可许可”=may=mayCan (May) I come in ?3) 3) 表表“可能性可能性” Can it be true? 一一.can,could,beableto4) 4) be able to与与can 的比较的比较 A) A) 表示能力时可通用表示能力时可通用 No one can / is able to do it. B) B) be able to可用于任何时态。可用于任何时态。 Im sorry I havent been able to answer your letter. C) C) 表经努力办到某事，用表经努力办
19、到某事，用be able to 。 After years of hard work he was able to win the prize. 一一.can,could,beableto2. could 1) 1) could 是是can的过去时，可用来较委的过去时，可用来较委婉，客气地提出问题或陈述看法。婉，客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Could you come a little earlier? 2) 2) can 和和could 表示某人或某物一时的表示某人或某物一时的特点，译为特点，译为“有可能，有时会有可能，有时会”。 He can be very friendly. He co
20、uld be very proud.二二. may, might 1）表许可，译为）表许可，译为“可以可以”（正式场合）（正式场合） You may take the book home. 2) 表示推测，表示推测，“或许，可能或许，可能” 。 It may rain tomorrow. 3) 表示祝愿表示祝愿 May you succeed!4) might: may 的过去式，但的过去式，但might表可表可 能性较小，或表更婉转语气。能性较小，或表更婉转语气。 Jim may (might) lend you money. Might I ask a question? 三三. must
21、, have to, need1. must 的用法：的用法： 1） “必须必须” ，否定表禁止。回答其，否定表禁止。回答其 问句用问句用neednt或或dont have to。 I must leave at 9. - Must we hand it in today? - Yes, you must. No, you neednt / dont have to.三三. must, have to, need1. must 的用法：的用法： 2) must 还可表示一种推断和揣测。还可表示一种推断和揣测。must +do对现在事实的猜测对现在事实的猜测;must +have done 对过
22、去事实的猜测对过去事实的猜测. You must be joking. I cant find my key. I must have left it in the bus.三三. must, have to, need 2. must与与 have to的比较：的比较： A) have to-客观情况；客观情况；must-主观看法。主观看法。 I must learn another foreign language. You have to learn another foreign language if you want to work here. B) have to用于不同时态，用
23、于不同时态，must不行不行. We will have to buy another TV set. 三三. must, have to, need 3. need 的用法：的用法： 1）作情态动词用时，用于疑问或否定）作情态动词用时，用于疑问或否定句。回答句。回答need问句时，肯定用问句时，肯定用must,否定用否定用neednt / dont have to. You need not do anything here. - Need I go so soon? - Yes, you must. No, you neednt. / dont have to. 三三. must, hav
24、e to, need 3. need 的用法：的用法： 2)need用做行为动词时的用法：用做行为动词时的用法： I need to buy a new dictionary. My bike needs repairing / needs to be repaired . 四四. will 和和 would 的用法：的用法：1. 表示表示“意愿意愿” She wont lend me the money. 2. 表表“邀请邀请”或或“请求请求” Will you give me a piece of paper? 3. would比比will语气更温婉。语气更温婉。 Would like s
25、omething to eat? 五五. shall, should的用法的用法 A) shall的用法的用法 用于第一人称，用于第一人称， 表示征求意见。表示征求意见。 Shall I turn on the light?B) should的用法的用法1.表示劝告，建议。表示劝告，建议。 You should study the article carefully. 2. 表示推测，译为表示推测，译为 “可能，应该，该可能，应该，该”。 He should arrive at noon. 1.Whereisourheadteacher,Mr.Li?-He_beintheoffice.Isaw
26、himtherejustoneortwominutesago.A.canB.mayC.mightD.must 2.ShallItellhimthenewsafterclass?-You_.Ivetoldhimalready.A.cantB.mustntC.shouldntD.neednt 3.Mrs.Wang,Linglingcametoseeyoujustnow.-It_beLingling.ShesgonetoHongKong.A.canB.cantC.mustD.mustnt 4.Annahasntcometoschooltoday.Ithinkshe_beill.A.canB.hast
27、oC.mayD.should 5.IsMr.Smithswimminginthepool,Harry?-It_behim.Isawhimgotothelibraryjustnow.A.maynotB.cantC.needntD.mustnt 6.Willyouanswerthetelephone?It_beyourmother.-Sorry.I_.Imbusy.A.can;mustntB.will;cantC.may;cantD.need;will 7.Tony_gototheoperaonSaturdaybecausehesgoingtohaveameeting.A.cantB.mightC
28、.mustntD.should 8.Bepolite.You_talktotheoldlikethat.A.couldntB.needntC.mustntD.wouldnt 9.Look!It_bethenewwomanmanager.-It_beher.ShehasjustleftforShanghai.A.can;mustntB.must;cantC.must;mustntD.cant;must 10.Ihitatreeonthewaytomeetmyfriendattherailwaystation.-Imsureyou_havebeendrivingtoofast.A.needB.sh
29、ouldC.willD.must 11.Mum,_Igoouttoplay?-Yes,youcan.Butyoumustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustB.mayC.willD.need 12.Schools_allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could 13.Ben,dontdrivetoofast.You_hitotherscar.A.mayB.mustC.havetoD.need 14.Iwastoldtobeherebeforeeight.-Oh,you_.Ims
30、orryfornottellingyouthatwehavechangedtheplan.A.mustB.cantC.mayD.neednt 15.NevertouchmycomputerwhileImaway.-I_.A.shouldntB.mustntC.wontD.dont 16.IdontmindtellingyouwhatIknow.-You_.Imnotaskingyouforit.A.needntB.mustntC.maynotD.cant1 17.LetsgotoTaishanParkbytaxi.-Itsnotfar.We_takeataxi.A.needntB.cantC.
31、mustntD.couldnt用法用法练习练习Iusually_atsixinthemorning.A.getupB.getsupC.gotobedTheearth_aroundthesun.A.goB.moveC.moves3.时间、条件状语从句的时间、条件状语从句的从句部分（从句部分（）Hewillgiveyouthebookassoonashe_you.A.willseeB.seesC.see主主+V原原/V-(e)s1.经常性或习惯性的动作经常性或习惯性的动作时间标志：时间标志：every;always;often;sometimes;at;neveronSundays;onceawe
32、ekusually; 2.客观真理客观真理,客观存在客观存在,科科学事实学事实主将主将从现从现类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况readuse以以sh，ch，s,x和和o结尾结尾finishwatch ; gomiss ; fix以辅音字母以辅音字母 + y + y 结尾结尾stud ; tr ;不规则变化不规则变化havehas-sss-eseseseseses变变y为为i再加再加-esiesies肯定肯定: :否定否定: :疑问疑问: :她经常在回家前完成作业她经常在回家前完成作业. .She often finishes her homework before she goes h
33、omeShe doesnt finish her homework before she goes homeDoes she often finish her homework before she goes home?谓语是行为动词时谓语是行为动词时, ,否定和疑问句要借助助动词否定和疑问句要借助助动词dodo或或doesdoes, ,原来的行为动词要用原形原来的行为动词要用原形. .1.A:Howoften_sheexercise?B:Twiceaweek.A.doB.doesC.doing2.I_liketodrinkmilk.A.notB.doesntC.dont3.Goodfooda
34、ndexercise_metostudybetter.A.helpB.helpsC.helping4.IwillletyouknowaboutitassoonasI_thenews.A.willgetB.getsC.get5.Healways_schoolearlyand_homelate.A.goto;comesbacktoB.goesto;comebackC.goesto;comesback6._she_eatingmooncakes?A.Is;likeB.Do;likeC.Does;like7.“DoesWangLi_Englishwell?”A.speakB.speaksC.say用法
35、用法练习练习He_thecountrysidewhenhewasyoung.A.livesB.livedC.livedin1.He_lastyear.A.stopstowriteB.stoppedwriteC.stoppedwriting2.我们尽了全力，终于成功了。我们尽了全力，终于成功了。We_andwemadeitatlast.主主+V-edtriedourbest表示过去某一时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作内所发生的动作或情况或情况时间标志：时间标志：yesterday;thedaybeforeyesterday;last；ago等表示过等表示过去时间的词语去
36、时间的词语类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况join ; work以字母以字母e e结尾结尾like ; live以辅音字母以辅音字母 + y + y 结尾结尾studied; tried;以重读闭音节结以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母个辅音字母stop ; drop不规则变化见不规则变化见BOOK3edd变变y为为i再加再加ed双写尾词加双写尾词加edededddpedped肯定肯定: :否定否定: :疑问疑问: :Tom Tom 刚才打了电话给她刚才打了电话给她. .Tom rang her just now.Tom didnt ring her just now
37、.Did Tom ring her just now?谓语是行为动词时谓语是行为动词时, ,否定和疑问句要借助否定和疑问句要借助助动词助动词diddid, ,原来的行为动词要用原形原来的行为动词要用原形. .1.Itwastoodark.Sohe_thelightsandbegantoreadbooks.A.turnedoffB.turnsonC.turnedon2.Thechildren_attheiruncleslastnight.A.areB.wereC.was3.Iamsorrythatyouhavemissedthetrain.It_tenminutesago.A.leftB.lea
38、vesC.willleave4.ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.Really?When_there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygo5.Jimisnotcomingtonight.Buthe_!A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromise用法用法例句例句There_asportsmeetingherenextmonth.A.willhaveB.willbeC.isgoingtoIdontknowifthetrain_soon.butI_foryouifyouwanttoknow.A.willar
39、rive;willlookitupB.arrives;willlookupitC.willarrive;lookitup主主+is/am/aregoingto+V原原主主+will+V原原1.表示将来表示将来要发生的动要发生的动作或存在的作或存在的状态状态.2.时间、条时间、条件状语从句件状语从句的主句部分的主句部分（主将主将从现）从现）1.DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup_nextweek?NextFriday.Whenit_,Illringyou.A.begins;beginsB.begins;willbeginC.willbegin;begins2.Jimmyisleav
40、ingforaholiday.Really?Where_he_?A.does;goB.will;goC.did;go3.ShallwegototheSandLaketomorrow?Yes.Wellgounlessit_heavily.A.willrainB.rainedC.rains用法用法例句例句表示表示在过在过去看去看来将来将要发要发生的生的动作动作我告诉他我将会去机场送他我告诉他我将会去机场送他.ItoldhimthatI_attheairport.他们说他们将会在会议室开会他们说他们将会在会议室开会.Theysaidthatthey_/_ameetinginthemeetingroo
41、m.主主+was/weregoingto+V原原wouldseehimoffwouldhaveweregoingtohave主主+would+V原原常用在宾语从句中常用在宾语从句中1.Hetoldmethathe_toseeusthenextday.A.comesB.wouldcomeC.willcome2.Theteachertoldusthatthesun_biggerthantheearth.A.isB.wasC.willbe3.-Theplaneisleavingrightnow,butJimhasntarrivedyet.-Well,hesaidhe_hereontime.Acame
42、BwouldcomeCwillbe用法用法例句例句We_anEnglishlessonnow.A.arehavingB.havingC.werehaving学生们正在为考试做准备学生们正在为考试做准备.Thestudents_theexam.主主+is/am/are+V-ingaregettingreadyfor表示说话者说表示说话者说话时正在发生话时正在发生的动作的动作表示目前一段表示目前一段时间内正在进时间内正在进行的动作行的动作.(说话时动作不一定正在说话时动作不一定正在进行进行)类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况readwatch以不发音的以不发音的e结结尾的词尾的词takema
43、ke重读闭音节字重读闭音节字母结尾母结尾put- inginging去掉去掉e-ing先双写最后一个辅先双写最后一个辅音字母音字母-ingtinginging1.WhereisJames?He_withhisbrother.A.runsB.willrunC.isrunning2.Who_inthenextroom?Maryis.A.issingingB.issingC.sings3.Jimmy_foraholidaytomorrow.A.isleavingB.leavesC.left4.LookatthechildrenoverthereWhat_？AishedoingBaretheydoin
44、gCtheyaredoing5.Look!Theboystudentsare_footballwhilethegirlsare_.A.playing,danceB.playing,dancingC.play,dancing6.Mr.Smith_shortstories,buthe_aTVplaythesedays.A.iswriting,iswritingB.iswriting,writesC.writes,iswriting7.I_tothecinema.I_thereeverySunday.A.go.goB.amgoing,goC.go.amgoing用法用法例句例句我叔叔来看我的时候我正
45、在做作业我叔叔来看我的时候我正在做作业.I_myhomeworkwhenmyunclecametoseeme.wasdoing主主+was/were+V-ing表示过去某时表示过去某时正在进行的状正在进行的状态或动作态或动作.1.ThelasttimeI_Janeshe_cottoninthefields.A.see,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.saw,waspicking2.IdontthinkJimsawme;he_intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststared3.IfirstmetLisathreeyears
46、ago.She_ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworking4.-Hey,watchtheflowers!-Oh,Imterriblysorry._.A.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingC.Idontnotice5.ThereportersaidthattheUFO_easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.wastotravel6.I_mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.washavingC
47、.havebeenhaving用法用法例句例句表示过去发生表示过去发生的动作对现在的动作对现在造成的影响造成的影响.1.I_lunchyet.Iamsohungry.A.haventhadB.havehadC.didnthave2.Sheasksmeformoney.She_herpurseathome.A.hadleftB.hasleftC.left表示过去开始表示过去开始的动作一直延的动作一直延伸到现在伸到现在,还有还有可能继续下去可能继续下去.自从自从1999年以来年以来,Tom一直住在中国一直住在中国.Tom_Chinasince1999.主主+have/has+PPhaslivedi
48、n1.I_ Enghishinthisschoolsince1999.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.wouldteach2.Lilei_ thepenforfiveyearsA.hashadB.boughtChavebought3.He_ finishedhishomeworkyetA.doesntB.haventC.hasnt4.Peterlosthisbikeyesterday._he_ityet?A.Has;lookedforB.Does;findC.Has;found5.Whoishe?I_before.A.haventheardofB.didnthearofC.have
49、ntheardfrom6.HaveyoueverbeentoGuangzhou?No,Ive_beenthere.A.neverB.everC.already7.Wehaventfinishedourhomework_.A.alreadyB.everC.yet8.Haveyou_learnedEnglish?Yes,Ive_learnedalot.A.already;everB.ever;neveC.ever;already9.I_himthesedays.A.haventhearfromB.didnthearofC.haventheardfrom10.Ihave_5,000wordssofa
50、r.A.learntB.learnC.learning11.Theoldman_Chinaseveraltimesinthepast10years.A.hasbeentoB.wentoC.goestojust刚刚刚刚already已经已经before之前之前ever曾经曾经never从来没有从来没有sofar到目前为止到目前为止yet还（没有）还（没有）否定句否定句thesedays这些天这些天inthepastyears/months在过去的在过去的年年/月里月里for时段时段since时点时点现现在在完完成成时时的的标标志志词词for+时段时段since+时段时段+agosince+时点时
51、点Its/Ithasbeen+时段时段+since+一般过去时句子一般过去时句子1.Itstenyearssinceshe.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.left2.Ihavebeenhere_4years.A.sinceB.forC.from3.WehavelearntEnglish_sixyearsago.A.sinceB.forC.from4._hasbeen5yearssincewecamehere.A.ThereB.ItC.That5.Itsthreeyearssincehethearmy.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninC.joined6. Howma
52、nyyearsisit_yougraduatedfromjuniorhighschool?A.sinceB.forC.from 短短暂暂性性动动词词和和延延续续性性动动词词短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词borrowbuyarrive/come/goleavebeginfinish/endjoindieopenclosemarry不不与与时时间间段段连连用用可可与与时时间间段段连连用用be(in)here/therebeamemberofbedeadbeonhavebeawaykeepbeoverbeopen(adj.)beclosedbemarried 1.HowlongcanI_t
53、hisbook?TwoweeksA.borrowB.keepC.lend2.Herfather_in1990andherhusband_formorethanfiveyears.A.hasdied,hasdiedB.hasdied,deadC.died,hasbeendead3.Ihave_thisnicewatchfortwoyears.A.hadB.boughtC.borrowed4.He_hishomefortenyears.A.hasleftB.wasawayfromC.hasbeenawayfrom5.He_aLeaguememberforthreeyears.A.isB.hasbe
54、enC.hasbecame6.Lihuasbrotherhas_fortwoyears.A.joinedthearmyB.beeninthearmyC.becameasoldier7.Hehasnt_fromGuangzhoueversinceheleftschoolA.leftB.beenawayC.beenleft8.Betty_herefortwohours.She_hereat8:00thismorning.A.hasbeen;cameB.hasbeen;hascomeC.was;came8.Thefilm_forfiveminutes.A.beganB.hasbeenonC.hasb
55、egun6.Youaretoolate.Theshop_formanyhours.A.closedB.hasbeenclosedC.hasclosed7.Mary_Tomin2000.They_for8years.A.married;havebeenmarriedB.married;havemarriedC.marries;havebeenmarried短语辨析短语辨析短短语语have(has)beeninhave(has)beentohave(has)goneto意意义义例例句句他来上海已经有他来上海已经有10年了年了.他去过上海他去过上海3次次.他去了上海还没有他去了上海还没有回来回来.H
56、ehasbeentoShanghaithreetimes.HehasbeeninShanghaifortenyears.HehasgonetoShanghaiandhaventcomebackyet.在某地（多长时间）在某地（多长时间）现在仍在那里。现在仍在那里。常与时段连用。常与时段连用。曾去过某地（曾去过某地（次）次）现在已不在那里。现在已不在那里。可与可与just,ever,never等连用，等连用，去了去了还没有回来还没有回来1.MayIspeaktoKen?Sorry,heisout.He_seehisteacher,A.goestoB.hasbeentoC.hasgoneto2.O
57、urteacher_heresince2004.A.hasbeeninB.hasbeentoC.hasbeen3.Haveyouever_Huangshan?Yes,Ivebeentheretwice.A.beentoB.beeninC.goneto4.WheresDaming?He_theteachersoffice.A.hasbeentoB.havegonetoC.hasgoneto现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别时态时态用法用法例句例句一般一般过去过去时时我昨天丢了我的自行车我昨天丢了我的自行车.I_mybikeyesterday.现现在在完完成成时时我的自行车已
58、经丢了我的自行车已经丢了.我要买我要买部新的部新的.I_mybike.Ihavetobuyanewone.losthavelost表示动作发生的表示动作发生的时间在过去时间在过去没有说明现在的没有说明现在的情况情况表示过去的动作表示过去的动作一直延续到现在一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动或表示过去的动作对现在造成的作对现在造成的影响影响1.Ihaveseenthefilm“Titanic”already.When_you_it？Thedaybeforeyesterday.A.have；seenB.will；seeC.did；see2.MrBlack_inChinasin
59、cefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.lives3.We_treeslastSunday.Sofarwe_over3,000treesthere.A.planted；plantedB.planted；haveplantedC.haveplanted；planted用法用法例句例句表示在过去某一表示在过去某一时间或动作之前时间或动作之前已经发生或者完已经发生或者完成的动作成的动作.即即:过去的过去发过去的过去发生或完成的动作生或完成的动作.到上个星期为止到上个星期为止,我们已经学了我们已经学了5首歌首歌.We_fivesongs_lastweek.我到的时候你已经开
60、始玩了我到的时候你已经开始玩了.You_already_playingwhenIgotthere.主主+had+PPhadstartedhadlearntbytheendof1IlostthebookIAhaveboughtBhadboughtChadbeenbought2.ThebushadgonewhenI_thebusstopAhavearrivedBarrivedChadarrived3Tomofvisitinghisgrandmother，butthebadweathermadehimchangehismindAhasthoughtBthoughtChadthought4Didyou
61、meetTomattheairport？No，hebythetimeIthereAhasleft；gotBhadleft；arrivedCleft；arrived5ItocometohelpyouButyoudidntcomeAhavemeantBhadmeantCmeant6FinallyMarywasadmittedbyBeijingUniversityforwhichshefivetimesAhadtriedBwastryingChastried构成被动语态用法be + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词1.动作谁做的不知道；动作谁做的不知道； The watch is made in Chi
62、na.2. 说出谁做的没必要；说出谁做的没必要； More trees must be planted.3. 动作承受者很重要。动作承受者很重要。 Chinese is spoken by many people.1. We asked him to sing a song. He was asked to sing a song (by us).2. She gave me a book. I was given a book (by her). A book was given to me (by her).4. He makes the girl stay at home. The gi
63、rl is made to stay at home by him. （省略的（省略的to要还原）要还原）3. We should speak to old men politely. Old man should be spoken to politely. （介词不可省略）（介词不可省略）1.1.系动词系动词用主动结构表被动意义。用主动结构表被动意义。 Moon cakes taste delicious.2. write, read, sell等词作不及物动词等词作不及物动词 时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语 态表被动意义。态表被动意义。 The pen wr
64、ites smoothly. The shirt sells well.3. My bike needs mending. My bike needs to be mended.1.Theywontbebackuntilthework_.A.doB.doesC.isdoneD.willdo2.Morethanoneanswer_tothequestion.A.havegivenB.hadgivenC.weregivenD.hasbeengiven3.-Howdoyoulikethematerial（材料）？（材料）？-Verymuch.It_soft.A.feelsB.isfeltC.isfe
65、elingD.felt4.MrGreenisveryangrywithyou.Hesaysyou_awayifyourelateagain.A.aresendingB.hasbeensentC.aregoingtosendD.willbesent5.Theoldshould_inourcountry.A.takegoodcareofB.betakengoodcareofC.aretakegoodcareofD.betakegoodcareof6.Theguidesaidthatmuchattentionmust_thesedetails.A.payB.bepaidC.paytoD.bepaid
66、to7.Didyougototheconcertyesterday?-No,I_.A.didntinviteB.haventinvitedC.wasntinvitedD.amnotinvited8.HowmanycakescanIhave,Mum?-None,dear.They_foryourfather.A.prepareB.preparedC.havepreparedD.wereprepared9.ItssaidthattheOlympicTorchRelaywill_inJulyinBaotou.A.holdB.beheldC.holdingD.tohold10.Thingsshould
67、_herebeforeyouentertheGreatMuseum.A.keepsB.keepC.bekeptD.arekept11.Howcleanthewindowis!-Yes.It_justnow.A.hasbeencleanedB.wascleanedC.iscleanedD.willbecleaned12.Itssaidinthenewspaperthat215morenewschools_inZhengzhouby2020.A.arebuildingB.werebuiltC.havebuiltD.willbebuilt13.Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom
68、?-Yes,ourclassroom_everyday.A.cleanB.cleanedC.IscleanedD.cleans14.David,turnofftheTV_nooneiswatchingit.-Butit_offalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.A.sothat,hasbeenturnedB.when;hasturnedC.if;hasbeenturnedD.because;hasturned15.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor_.A.waslockedB.islockedC.willbelockedD.shou
69、ldbelocked种类种类构成构成功能功能例句例句动词不动词不定式定式动名词动名词分词分词to dodoingdoingdone名词名词形容词形容词副词副词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词To see is to believe.He likes to play.He asked me to go.I have a lot to do.Im here to meet you.Seeing is believing.I like playing.an interesting booka broken cupThey came in, singing.Seeing from the hill, ou
70、r school looks nice.1. 通常加不定式作宾语通常加不定式作宾语 want to go2. “磕破头死了也要爱父母啊磕破头死了也要爱父母啊” keep, practice, suggest, enjoy, finish, mind, avoid + doing3. + to do (doing) remember, forget, stop, go on1. 通常加不定式作宾补通常加不定式作宾补 want him to go2. 使役动词使役动词 let，make, have (sb. do ) have sb. do have sb. doing have sth. don
71、e3. 感官动词感官动词 “五看两听一感觉五看两听一感觉” look (at), see, watch, notice, observe, listen (to), hear, feel (sb. do / doing)4. keep , find (sb. doing)1.Dontlethim_outaloneatnight.Heisyoungandwillbefrightened.A.goB.goesC.togoD.going2.Myfatherisnotgoodatcooking.Heoftenasksmymother_.A.tohelphimB.tobehelpedC.nottohel
72、phimD.howtohelphim3.Inordertowinthefirstplaceinthecontest,hepracticed_theEnglishsong,buthefounditdifficult_thelyrics.A.tosing;torememberB.tosing;rememberingC.singing;torememberD.singing;remembering4.MrGreenaskedustostop_.Sowestopped_tohimatonce.A.talking;listeningB.totalk;listeningC.talking;tolisten
73、D.totalk;tolisten5.WhatshouldwedotofightH1N1flu?-Weshouldwashhandsoften,avoid_tocrowdedplacesandsoon.A.goB.goingC.goneD.togo6.John,mycomputerdoesntwork.-WhynotaskMrLiu_it?A.tobuyB.nottobuyC.tocheckD.nottocheck7.Whatsyourplanforthesummerholidays?-Ivenoidea,butIvedecided_athomeandhaveagoodrestfirst.A.
74、stayB.tostayC.stayedD.staying8.Wearegoingforapicnictomorrow.IllcallWendytomakesure_.A.whytostartB.whentostartC.whattostartD.whichtostart9.Mybrothersillinhospital.-Imsorry_that.A.hearB.hearingC.heardD.tohear10.Shespendsmuchtime_Englisheveryday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.haveread11.Wouldyoumindme_?-_.Do
75、itasyoulike,please.A.toplaythepiano;GoodideaB.playingthepiano;OfcoursenotC.playingthepiano;OfcourseD.playthepiano;Allright12.Oh,terrible!Iforgot_thewindow.Itswindy.-Really?Letsgobackhomequickly.A.closingB.tocloseC.closedD.close13.Afterthediscussion,thestudentsaskedtheirteacher_next.A.whichtodoB.what
76、todoC.howtodoD.whytodo14.OnherwayhomeLucysawathief_inashop.Shestopped_110atonce.A.steal;callB.tosteal;callC.stealing;tocallD.stealing;calling15.Youdbetter_toomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.A.dontpayB.nottopayC.tonotspendD.notspend16.DoyouknowArmstrong?-Yes.Heisthefirstman_onthemoon.A.walkB.walksC.towa
77、lkD.walked17.IsJackinthelibrary?-Maybe.Isawhim_outwithsomebooksjustnow.A.goingB.goC.togoD.went18.Dad,whyshouldIstop_computergames?-Foryourhealth,myboy,Imafraidyou_.A.toplay;mustB.playing;havetoC.toplay;canD.playing;may19.Howabout_intheriverwithus?-Sorry,Icant.Myparentsoftentellme_that.A.swim;dontdoB
78、.swim;todoC.swimming;notdoD.swimming;nottodo20.Imtiredthesedaysbecauseofstudyingforphysics.-Whynot_music?Itcanmakeyou_.A.listento;torelaxB.listento;relaxC.listeningto;relaxD.listeningto;torelax21.Whydidyoubuyaradio?-_English.A.LearnB.LearningC.TolearnD.Belearning22.Whynot_yourteacherforhelpwhenyouca
79、ntfinish_itbyyourself?A.ask;writeB.toask;writingC.ask;writingD.asking;write23.Ifpeople_cuttingdowntheforest,theywillhavenoplace_.A.keep;toliveinB.willkeep;toliveinC.keep;toliveD.willkeep;tolive24.Wouldyoumind_theTV?Yourfatherisworkingnow.A.turningupB.turningdownC.toturnupD.toturndown25.Itsverynice_picturesforme.A.ofyoutodrawB.foryoutodrawC.foryoudrawingD.ofyoudrawingThanks! Bye-bye!
