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1、专题八动词的时态与专题八动词的时态与语态语态专题专题 八八 动词的时态与语态动词的时态与语态专题导读专题专题 八八 专题导读专题导读 时态的考查主要集中在完成时、进行时等主要时态时态的考查主要集中在完成时、进行时等主要时态的掌握上。要求学生熟练掌握几种主要时态的基本概念，的掌握上。要求学生熟练掌握几种主要时态的基本概念，解题时要充分挖掘时间副词、短语、时间状语从句提供解题时要充分挖掘时间副词、短语、时间状语从句提供的信息。的信息。在复习时应注意以下几点：在复习时应注意以下几点：(1)(1)吃透语境，摸清作者的意吃透语境，摸清作者的意图；图；(2)(2)准确判断动作和时间的关系准确判断动作和时间
2、的关系( (即动作是在什么时即动作是在什么时间发生的间发生的) )；(3)(3)正确理解时间概念正确理解时间概念( (大的时间：现在、过大的时间：现在、过去、将来；小的时间：时间段、时间点、时间瞬间去、将来；小的时间：时间段、时间点、时间瞬间) )；(4)(4)找准相关时态时间之间的交叉点。例如：一般现在时，找准相关时态时间之间的交叉点。例如：一般现在时，现在进行时现在进行时( (现在时间的交叉点现在时间的交叉点) )。专题专题 八八 专题导读专题导读 高考对被动语态的考查热点主要是及物动词在被动语态高考对被动语态的考查热点主要是及物动词在被动语态中的使用。被动语态与主动语态一样，也有多种时态
3、。被动中的使用。被动语态与主动语态一样，也有多种时态。被动语态的完成时态和进行时态中，考生往往漏掉语态的完成时态和进行时态中，考生往往漏掉beenbeen或或beingbeing。因此被动语态的各种常用时态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点因此被动语态的各种常用时态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一。时态与语态连用也是高考题的一个考点。一个题目同之一。时态与语态连用也是高考题的一个考点。一个题目同时交叉考查几个语法知识点是近几年高考的一个趋势。具体时交叉考查几个语法知识点是近几年高考的一个趋势。具体说来，在解题时要遵循以下思路：说来，在解题时要遵循以下思路：专题专题 八八 专题导读专题导读 1 1这个动作
4、可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时这个动作可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时间信息有哪些？间信息有哪些？ 2 2这个动作处于什么状态，是进行中，还是已结束这个动作处于什么状态，是进行中，还是已结束( (完完成成) )？限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？ 3 3这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动？这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动？只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题，试题的正确答案也就水落只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题，试题的正确答案也就水落石出了。石出了。真题再现专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()1. )1. 20102010上海上海 The
5、church tower which The church tower which _ will be open to tourists soon. The work _ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. is almost finished. A Ahas restoredhas restored B Bhas been restored has been restored C Cis restoring Dis restoring Dis being restoredis being restored D
6、 D本题考查被动语态。本题考查被动语态。restorerestore意为意为“修复修复”，而，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选选D D。专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()2. )2. 20102010福建福建 Guess what, weve got Guess what, weve got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this summer.summer. How ni
7、ce! You _ a different culture How nice! You _ a different culture then. then. A Awill be experiencing will be experiencing B Bhave experiencedhave experienced C Chave been experiencing have been experiencing D Dwill have experiencedwill have experienced专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 A A考查动词时态。由第一句可知：我们已经得到了暑考查动词时
8、态。由第一句可知：我们已经得到了暑假去英国旅行的短期签证，再由第二句中假去英国旅行的短期签证，再由第二句中thenthen可知：这是可知：这是对去英国旅行的美好祝愿，动作尚未发生。因此时态应为对去英国旅行的美好祝愿，动作尚未发生。因此时态应为将来进行时。将来进行时。专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()3. )3. 20102010安徽安徽 Were you surprised by Were you surprised by the ending of the film?the ending of the film? No. I _ the book, so I already knew
9、 No. I _ the book, so I already knew the story.the story. A Awas reading Bwas reading Bhad read had read C Cam reading Dam reading Dhave readhave read B B考查时态。句意为：考查时态。句意为：“你对电影结果感到吃惊吗你对电影结果感到吃惊吗？”“”“不，我已经读过这本书，所以我已知道了这个故不，我已经读过这本书，所以我已知道了这个故事。事。”“”“读书读书”是在是在“看电影看电影”之前，故用过去完成时。之前，故用过去完成时。专题专题 八八 真题再
10、现真题再现 ( ()4. )4. 20102010北京北京 Im sorry, but I Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?return on September 20? Sorry, I _ myself clear. We want to Sorry, I _ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
11、return on October 20. A Ahadnt made Bhadnt made Bwouldnt make wouldnt make C Cdont make Ddont make Dhavent madehavent made D D本题考查时态和情景交际。答句意为本题考查时态和情景交际。答句意为“抱歉，我抱歉，我还没有把我的意思表达明白还没有把我的意思表达明白”，强调对现在造成的影响，强调对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时态。用现在完成时态。专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()5. )5. 20102010湖南湖南 I walked slowly through I wa
12、lked slowly through the market, where people _ all kinds of the market, where people _ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. carefully and bought what I needed. A Asell Bsell Bwere sellingwere selling
13、C Chad sold Dhad sold Dhave soldhave sold B B考查动词时态。根据考查动词时态。根据“I studied the prices I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此的提示可判断此处表示处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选去某时正在发生的动作，故选B B。专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()6. )6. 2010
14、2010湖南湖南 Im tired out. I Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. finished anything. A Ashopped Bshopped Bhave shopped have shopped C Chad shopped Dhad shopped Dhave been shoppinghave been shopping D D考查动词时态。句意为：我现在很累。我整个下考查动词
15、时态。句意为：我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。由语境可午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。由语境可判断选判断选D D。专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()7. )7. 20102010上海上海 Every few years, the coal Every few years, the coal workers _ their lungs Xrayed to ensure workers _ their lungs Xrayed to ensure their health.their health. A Aare having Bare having B
16、havehave C Chave had Dhave had Dhad hadhad had B B本题考查时态。根据时间状语本题考查时态。根据时间状语every few yearsevery few years，可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B B。 专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()8. )8. 20102010天津天津 We _ on this We _ on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A
17、 Aare working Bare working Bhave been workinghave been working C Cworked Dworked Dhad workedhad worked B B考查动词的时态。现在完成进行时表示一直在干考查动词的时态。现在完成进行时表示一直在干某件事，表示动作的连续和延续。某件事，表示动作的连续和延续。 专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()9. )9. 20102010天津天津 Traditional folk arts of Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ a
18、t the culture Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A Aare exhibiting Bare exhibiting Bis exhibiting is exhibiting C Care being exhibited Dare being exhibited Dis being exhibitedis being exhibited C C考查现在进行时的被动语态的主谓一致。
19、考查现在进行时的被动语态的主谓一致。traditional folk arts of Tianjin traditional folk arts of Tianjin 是真正的主语，与后是真正的主语，与后面面like paper cutting like paper cutting 无关。无关。专题专题 八八 真题再现真题再现 ( ()10. )10. 20102010江苏江苏 Why, Jack, you look so Why, Jack, you look so tired! tired! Well, I _ the house and I must finish Well, I _ t
20、he house and I must finish the work tomorrow. the work tomorrow. A Awas painting Bwas painting Bwill be painting will be painting C Chave painted Dhave painted Dhave been paintinghave been painting D D本题考查时态。根据后句本题考查时态。根据后句and I must finish the and I must finish the work tomorrowwork tomorrow可以推断可以推
21、断“动作还将继续动作还将继续”；have donehave done表示表示“动作已经完成动作已经完成”；have been doinghave been doing表示表示“动作从过去开始动作从过去开始延续到现在，而且可能还将继续延续到现在，而且可能还将继续”，所以选择，所以选择D D项。项。专题预测专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()1.Up to now, thousands of people _ )1.Up to now, thousands of people _ possible ideas on how to clean up the oil in the possibl
22、e ideas on how to clean up the oil in the Gulf of Mexico.Gulf of Mexico. A Ahave submitted Bhave submitted Bsubmittedsubmitted C Cwill submit Dwill submit Dare submittingare submitting A A考查动词的时态。由时间状语考查动词的时态。由时间状语up to nowup to now可以看出，可以看出，该题应该用现在完成时。句意为：到目前为止，成千上万的该题应该用现在完成时。句意为：到目前为止，成千上万的人们已经提交
23、了关于如何清理墨西哥湾泄漏的石油的可能的人们已经提交了关于如何清理墨西哥湾泄漏的石油的可能的办法。办法。专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()2.I want to pay a visit to your house )2.I want to pay a visit to your house this time tomorrow. this time tomorrow. Im afraid I will not be available, for I Im afraid I will not be available, for I _ an important meeting. _ an
24、 important meeting. A Awill have attended Bwill have attended Bwill be attending will be attending C Cattend Dattend Dam attending am attending B B考查动词的时态。答语中承前省略了时间状语考查动词的时态。答语中承前省略了时间状语“this time tomorrow”this time tomorrow”，指下明那个时候正在开会，所以，指下明那个时候正在开会，所以用将来进行时态。用将来进行时态。专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()3.Carol
25、 and Jessie dont seem to be )3.Carol and Jessie dont seem to be getting on well with each other now. Why is that?getting on well with each other now. Why is that? It is said that Carol _ by Jessie. It is said that Carol _ by Jessie. A Ahas felt betrayed Bhas felt betrayed Bis feeling betrayedis feel
26、ing betrayed C Cfeels betrayed Dfeels betrayed Dwill feel betrayed will feel betrayed A A考查动词时态。因为考查动词时态。因为CarolCarol感觉自己被感觉自己被JessieJessie出卖了，出卖了，因此跟对方关系不好，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，因此跟对方关系不好，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。用现在完成时。专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()4.Last night I greeted Bob on the street, )4.Last night I gree
27、ted Bob on the street, but he ignored me. but he ignored me. Perhaps he _ something and _ you. Perhaps he _ something and _ you. A Athought aboutthought about；didnt notice didnt notice B Bwas thinking aboutwas thinking about；wasnt noticingwasnt noticing C Cwas thinking aboutwas thinking about；didnt
28、notice didnt notice D Dthought aboutthought about：hasnt noticedhasnt noticed C C考查动词的时态。根据语境，考查动词的时态。根据语境，think aboutthink about是当时进行是当时进行的动作，所以用过去进行时；的动作，所以用过去进行时；noticenotice在句中陈述过去所发生的在句中陈述过去所发生的动作，用一般过去式。动作，用一般过去式。专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()5.They are going to visit the )5.They are going to visit the
29、professor we _ in the library the other professor we _ in the library the other day. day. A Ameet Bmeet Bhave met have met C Cwould meet Dwould meet Dmet met D D考查动词的时态。由考查动词的时态。由the other day“the other day“前几天前几天”可知应用一般过去时。句意为：他们打算去拜访几天前可知应用一般过去时。句意为：他们打算去拜访几天前我们在图书管里遇见的那位教授。我们在图书管里遇见的那位教授。专题专题 八八
30、专题预测专题预测 ( ()6.Whats the problem, sir?)6.Whats the problem, sir? You _ at least at a speed of about You _ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour.100 miles per hour. A Aare driving Bare driving Bdrovedrove C Cwere driving Dwere driving Dhave drivenhave driven C C考查动词的时态。句意为：考查动词的时态。句意为：“出什么问
31、题了吗，出什么问题了吗，先生？先生？”“”“您的车速至少达到了每小时约您的车速至少达到了每小时约100100英里。英里。”从从暗含的意思可推测该车主超速驾驶了，所以应该是被拦暗含的意思可推测该车主超速驾驶了，所以应该是被拦下时发生的对话，所以超速应该是强调刚才正在发生，下时发生的对话，所以超速应该是强调刚才正在发生，所以用过去进行时。所以用过去进行时。专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()7.In recent years, the singer isnt )7.In recent years, the singer isnt as popular as he once was, and
32、his latest album as popular as he once was, and his latest album _ only five thousand copies. _ only five thousand copies. A Ais sold Bis sold Bis selling is selling C Csold Dsold Dwas soldwas sold C C考查动词的时态与语态。动词考查动词的时态与语态。动词sellsell在本句中用在本句中用主动语态表被动。句意为：最近几年里，这位歌手不如主动语态表被动。句意为：最近几年里，这位歌手不如从前受欢迎，他
33、的最新专辑只卖了从前受欢迎，他的最新专辑只卖了5 0005 000张。张。“卖掉卖掉”是过去发生的动作，应用过去时是过去发生的动作，应用过去时 专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()8.Professor Baker, who _the )8.Professor Baker, who _the research of wild animals all his life, _ to research of wild animals all his life, _ to give a speech in our school next week. give a speech in our sc
34、hool next week. A Ahas devoted tohas devoted to；is supposed is supposed B Bis devoted tois devoted to；will be supposedwill be supposed C Chas been devoted tohas been devoted to；is supposedis supposed D Dhad devoted tohad devoted to；will be supposedwill be supposed C C考查动词的时态和语态。考查动词的时态和语态。devotedevo
35、te是及物动词，是及物动词，A A和和D D项为主动形式，后不带宾语，直接跟项为主动形式，后不带宾语，直接跟toto不正确，从句中的不正确，从句中的all his lifeall his life表明要用现在完成时。短语表明要用现在完成时。短语be supposed to be supposed to dodo表示表示“应该，被期望应该，被期望”，指期望将来发生的动作，与，指期望将来发生的动作，与next weeknext week照应。句意为：照应。句意为：BakerBaker教授一生致力于野生动物教授一生致力于野生动物的研究，下周有望在我们学校做报告。的研究，下周有望在我们学校做报告。专题
36、专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()9. Did you telephone Uncle Sam our )9. Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm?plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm? Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when _.he eagerly aske
37、d when _. A Ahad we arrived Bhad we arrived Bwe had arrivedwe had arrived C Cwere we arriving Dwere we arriving Dwe were arrivingwe were arriving D D考查动词的时态。语境提供过去的时间点，在考查动词的时态。语境提供过去的时间点，在那时将要发生的事情，所以用过去进行时表示过去将要那时将要发生的事情，所以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的事情。此外，由于疑问句作发生的事情。此外，由于疑问句作askedasked的宾语从句，的宾语从句，所以要用陈述语序。所以
38、要用陈述语序。专题专题 八八 专题预测专题预测 ( ()10.What did you say?)10.What did you say? So you _ to me. So you _ to me. A Awont listen Bwont listen Bhadnt listenhadnt listen C Cwerent listening Dwerent listening Dhavent listenedhavent listened C C考查动词的时态。由语境可知，答语中省略了考查动词的时态。由语境可知，答语中省略了时间状语时间状语“when I said just now”w
39、hen I said just now”，也就是说强调的，也就是说强调的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，所以要用过去进行是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，所以要用过去进行时。时。9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2024/7/212024/7/21Sunday, July 21, 202410、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/2024 10:47:19 PM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/21Jul-2421-Jul-2412、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7
40、/21Sunday, July 21, 202413、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/202414、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。21 七月 20242024/7/212024/7/212024/7/2115、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。七月 242024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/202416、行动出成果，工作出财富。2024/7/212024/7/2121 July 202417、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2024/7/212024/7/212024/
41、7/212024/7/219、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2024/7/212024/7/21Sunday, July 21, 202410、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/2024 10:47:19 PM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/21Jul-2421-Jul-2412、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/21Sunday, July 21, 202413、不知香积寺，数里
42、入云峰。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/202414、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。21 七月 20242024/7/212024/7/212024/7/2115、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。七月 242024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/202416、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2024/7/212024/7/2121 July 202417、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/212024/7/219、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。2024/7/212024/7/2
43、1Sunday, July 21, 202410、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/2024 10:47:19 PM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/21Jul-2421-Jul-2412、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/21Sunday, July 21, 202413、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/202414、意志坚强的人能
44、把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。21 七月 20242024/7/212024/7/212024/7/2115、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。七月 242024/7/212024/7/212024/7/217/21/202416、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2024/7/212024/7/2121 July 202417、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。2024/7/212024/7/212024/7/212024/7/21MOMODA POWERPOINTLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce id urna blandit, eleifend nulla ac, fringilla purus. Nulla iaculis tempor felis ut cursus. 感感 谢谢 您您 的的 下下 载载 观观 看看专家告诉
