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1、Module 3On the radio Unit 3 Language in use动名词和动词不定式动名词和动词不定式动名词和动词不定时的句法功能动名词和动词不定时的句法功能（句子成分）（句子成分）句法功能（句子成分）句法功能（句子成分）主语主语 表语表语 宾语宾语 定语定语 状语状语名名称称动词动词不定不定式式可可可可可可可可可可动名动名词词可可可可可可可可不可不可动词不定式和动名词动词不定式和动名词作主语作主语时的时的用法比较用法比较1. 表一般抽象概念时可互换。表一般抽象概念时可互换。Reading good books enriches our mind.To read good
2、books enriches our mind. 注：动词不定式和动名词注：动词不定式和动名词作主语时作主语时位于位于 动词一定是动词一定是单数单数的。的。2.表具体的、特定情形下的或有待完成表具体的、特定情形下的或有待完成的动作，通常用动词不定式。的动作，通常用动词不定式。 To finish reading such a long novel will takes me several days. 读完这么长的小说要花费我好几天的读完这么长的小说要花费我好几天的 时间。时间。 To finish reading such a long novel 表具体的待完成的动作。表具体的待完成的动作
3、。Swimming is good for health, but to swim in such a polluted river is harmful to health.游泳有益健康，但在这条污染如此严重游泳有益健康，但在这条污染如此严重的河里游泳是有害的。的河里游泳是有害的。To swim in such a polluted river指特定情况下的动作。指特定情况下的动作。3.当当it作形式主语时，真正的主语可以作形式主语时，真正的主语可以是是doing or to do.It is difficult to make the air clean. making the air c
4、lean.It is nice to meet you. meeting you here.注：当注：当表语是表语是important, necessary, easy时后面只能用不定式时后面只能用不定式。且在。且在it is +adj /n. +for/of sb to do sth句型只能用不定式作真句型只能用不定式作真正的主语；正的主语；而表语而表语no use, no good, a waste of time, worth时，常用动名词时，常用动名词。It is important to protect our environment.It is no use at all argu
5、ing with him.4.在在there is no 后面只用动名词后面只用动名词。There is no knowing whether he will come .There is no telling where he has gone.动名词和动词不定式作动名词和动词不定式作表语表语的用法比较的用法比较1.通常可以互换通常可以互换His habit is taking a walk after supper. to take a walk after supper.2.动词若指具体的、特定情况下或未来动词若指具体的、特定情况下或未来的动作，通常动词不定式。的动作，通常动词不定式。
6、Your work today is to finish this article. 3.主语的形式与表语的形式通常应一致。主语的形式与表语的形式通常应一致。 To see is to believe. Seeing is believing.动词不定式和动名词作动词不定式和动名词作宾语宾语时时的用法比较的用法比较1. 有些动词只能用有些动词只能用动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语afford offer agree ask decide expect hope wish refuse pretend manage 2. 有些动词只能用有些动词只能用动名词作宾语动名词作宾语avoid advis
7、e appreciate suggest admit permit keep consider delay enjoy complete finish delay practise mind excuse escape risk miss cant stand/bear be used to look forward to put off give up put up with keep on get down to (prep) devote to (prep) have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing3. 在某些动词后在某些动词后learn ,
8、continue既可既可以跟动名词也可以跟动词不定式，以跟动名词也可以跟动词不定式，意义上基本无差别。意义上基本无差别。4. begin, start后面跟动词不定式和动名后面跟动词不定式和动名词都可以，通常可以互换，但在以下词都可以，通常可以互换，但在以下三种情况下只能用不定式形式三种情况下只能用不定式形式。 A. begin, start本身为进行时态本身为进行时态 B.注意为非生物的名词或注意为非生物的名词或it时时 C.后接表示心理状态的动词不定式后接表示心理状态的动词不定式，如如 known see understand feel realize在在like, dislike, lo
9、ve, hate ,prefer 后，后，若表示若表示习惯性行为、通常的动作习惯性行为、通常的动作多用多用动名词；动名词；若表示若表示特定的、具体的或一次性特定的、具体的或一次性的动的动作时，多用不定式。作时，多用不定式。有些动词后既可用动名词又可用不有些动词后既可用动名词又可用不定式作宾语，但含义有所不同定式作宾语，但含义有所不同如：如：forget remember stop try mean go on regret be afraid Part 1 Put the words in the correct column.agree continue decide enjoy hate
10、learn keep like love need remember start stop try want followed only by tofollowed only by -ingfollowed by to or -ingagreedecidelearnneedwantenjoykeepcontinuehate likeloverememberstartstoptryComplete the sentences with the correct form of the words.1.Tony hates _(see) his team lose.2.Daming enjoys _
11、(listen) to music.3.They decided _(visit) Radio Beijing with Sally.seeing/ to seelisteningto visit 24. They have to stop _(talk) when the red light is on. 5. Keep _(study) English if you want to work on Radio Beijing.6. You need _(speak) English to work in radio.talkingstudyingto speak7. He started
12、_(make) his own radio programme.8. He remembers _ (get) his first job in radio.9. He learnt _ (speak) on the radio. making/ to makegettingto speakPart 4. Choose the word which does not belong in each group.1. article report newspaper reporter2. sunny rain glass weather3. score result match studio4.
13、presenter manager newsreader reporter5. sport news joke sunnyPart 5. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.latest prepare rain result score sports sunny weather weather report win1.Did you listen to the _?2. What will the _be like tomorrow?3.2. Its goin
14、g to be_. It isnt going 4. to _.5.3. We can have a picnic! Ill _ 6. the food today.weather reportweathersunnyrainprepare4. Its six oclock. Lets listen to the _ news to find out the of the _football match.5. Hey, our team _ three goals. They _ the match. Thats fantastic!6. Do you like other _ as well
15、 as football?latestresultscoredwonsportsPart 6. Ask and answer the questions.1. How do you prepare for a test?2. What do you like doing in sunny weather?3. How do you feel when you are waiting for your test results?4. How many different ways are there of finding out the latest news?7 Listen and say
16、what Kates job is. a) A newspaper reporter. b) A radio presenter. c) A newsreader.8. Listen again and choose the best answer.1 How does Kate find out about the news? a) While shes at the park. b) While shes running to the park. c) While shes on the running machine at the gym.2 Who decides what will
17、be on Kates show? a) Kate. b) Kates team. c) Kate and her team.3 How long is Kates programme? a) Two and a half hours. b) Four and a half hours. c) Three and a half hours.4 How does Kate try to give the show a personal feeling? a) She talks to the listeners in person. b) She imagines that she is tal
18、king to the listeners in person. c) She interviews the listeners.5 Which of the following are in Kates programme? a) phone-ins b) weather reports c) interviews d) sport e) newsPart 9. Complete the passage with the phrases in the box.closes down look out for look out of take you around the end of wou
19、ld like toIm going to _the radio station. You must _ the red light. When its on, you have to be quiet. I know some of you _work in radio. Ill introduce you to the presenters and you can talk to them. This screen shows us whats happening outside. We cant _the window, because there arent any windows. The first programme of the day starts at 5 am, and the station _ at 12 pm. OK, thats _ the tour. Has anyone got a question?take you aroundlook out forwould like tolook out ofcloses downthe end of
