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1、AttributiveClauses定语从句定语从句GrammarMatch the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He
2、is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?一、定语从句的概念一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一在复合句中，修饰某一名词名词 或或代词代词的从句叫定语从句。的从句叫定语从句。 被修饰的名词或代词叫被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词，定语从句一般放在定语从句一般放在先行词先行词的的后面后面。 e.g.1.ThisisthebandthatIlikebest.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定
3、语从句2.Imlookingforthephoto先行词先行词whichyoutookinAustralia. 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句 二、定语从句的分类二、定语从句的分类限制性限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句1.ThatsthebesthotelthatIknow.2.Thesearethebookswhichyouneed.1.Hissons,bothofwhomworkabroad,ringherupeveryweek.2.Thebike,forwhichhepaid300yuan,isnowworth150yuan.限制性限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性非限
4、制性定语从句定语从句关系词关系词关系代词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词关系副词: when, where, why关系代词：关系代词： 指物：指物：that which 指人：指人：who (主主/宾格宾格) that whom（宾格）（宾格）三、定语从句的关系词三、定语从句的关系词This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost
5、.The dog which was lost has been found.Practise: 1.This is the house which is for sale.2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）which / that 作宾语作宾语 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just received.Pra
6、ctise:1.This is the mistake which /that I always make.2. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.3. I lost the pen which my father bought me.( ) （作宾语）（作宾语）如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代词名词或代词，关系代词，关系代词用用that、which.(作作主主语语或或宾语宾语)who用于指用于指人人（在句中做宾语时用（在句中做宾语时用 whom）。e.g.1.Doyouknowthegirlwhoiswearinga
7、whiteT-shirt?2.Hisfatheristhepersonwhowillbethemostunhappy.3.Whoistheteacher（whom）LiMingistalkingto？whose用来指用来指人或物人或物，( (只用作定语只用作定语, , 若指物，若指物， 它还可以同它还可以同of whichof which互换）。互换）。e.g.1.Theyranovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.2.Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.3.Thegirlwhosefatherisa
8、teacherstudiesveryhard.4.Whatsthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?5.Noonelivesinthehousewhosewindowswerebroken.请注意以下几点用法：请注意以下几点用法：（1 1）当定语从句中含有）当定语从句中含有介词介词，介词放在，介词放在句尾句尾时，时，whowho， thatthat， whichwhich可省略；但介词在关系代词可省略；但介词在关系代词前时，只能用前时，只能用“介词介词+which/whom”+which/whom”结构。结构。e.g.1.Thisisthehouse（
9、that/which）welivedinlastyear.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.2.Whoistheteacher（whom）LiMingistalkingto？WhoistheteachertowhomLiMingistalking？（2 2）含有介词的）含有介词的固定动词词组固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，中，介词不可前置， 只能放在原来的位置上。只能放在原来的位置上。 e.g.Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.（3）that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面前面，只能放在
10、从句中只能放在从句中动词的后面动词的后面。e.g.Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.a.a.先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或形容词或形容词最高级最高级所修所修 饰，或本身是饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、序数词、基数词、形容词形容词 最高级最高级时，只能用时，只能用that，而不用，而不用which.e.g.1.Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.2.YaoMingisthebestbasketballplayerthatwelove.以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导引导b.被修饰的先行词为被修饰的先行词为all，an
11、y，much，many，everything，anything，none，theone等等不定代词时，只能用不定代词时，只能用that,而而不用不用which.e.g.1.Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？2.EverythingthatonshowismadeinChina.以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导引导c.先行词被先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，little，few 等词修饰时等词修饰时, ,只能用只能用 that, ,而不用而不用which.e.g.1.Thisisthelittlemi
12、lkthatIhave.2.2.Itstheonlybandthatgetseveryonedancing.以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导引导d.d.先行词里同时含有先行词里同时含有人或物人或物时，只能用时，只能用 that,that,而不用而不用which.e.g.1.IcanstillrememberthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.2.Theyknowthegirlsandthecarsthatareoverthere.以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导引导e.以以who或或which引导的引导的特殊疑问句特殊疑问句，为
13、，为避免重复避免重复,只能用只能用that.e.g.1.Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？2.Whichisthepenthatmadeabroad?以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导引导f.主句是主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语结构，修饰主语的定语从句用从句用that，而不用，而不用which.e.g.1.ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.2.Therearesomesheeponthehillthatareeatinggrass.以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导引导（5）以下情况关系词只能用）以下情况关系词只能
14、用which，而不用，而不用that：a.先行词为先行词为that，those时，用时，用which，而不用而不用that.e.g.Whatsthatwhichisunderthedesk？b.关系代词前有关系代词前有介词介词时，一般用时，一般用which，而不用，而不用that.e.g.Thisistheroominwhichhelives.c.引导引导非限制性非限制性定语从句，用定语从句，用which，而不用而不用that.e.g.Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.五、关系副词五、关系副词when, where, whywhen, where, why的用法的用法e
15、.g.1.Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他到达的时间。这是他到达的时间。2.IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.3.wellneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstcametoBeijing.hen hen 指指时间时间，其先行词表示时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。在句中作时间状语。where where 指指地点地点，其先行词表示地点，其先行词表示地点， 在句中作地点状语在句中作地点状语。e.g.1.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地点。这是他
16、工作的地点。2.ThosearethecountrieswhereIvisitedlastyear.3.ThatsthehousewhereIwasborn.why why 指指原因原因，其先行词是原因，起，其先行词是原因，起 原因状语作用。原因状语作用。e.g.1.Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。2.Thesearethereasonswhywedoit.这些就是我们这样做的理由。这些就是我们这样做的理由。Ex单项填空。单项填空。1.-Doyouknowtheman_istal
17、kingwithyourfather？-Yes，hesourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom2.Isthistheriver_Icanswim？A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_Iknow.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it4.Canyoulendmethedictionary_theotherday？A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtit5.Anyone_withwhatI
18、saidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.thatagreesD.whichagreeBBCAC6.Mywatchisnottheonlything_ismissing.A.thatB.itC.whichD.who7.Theman_coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.A.whosB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich.8.Thegirl_isreadingunderthetree_mysister.A.which;isB.whom;wasC.who;isD.who;was9.Ilovethepeople_arere
19、allyfriendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who10.Theworld_ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichweliveC.whereweliveinD.weliveinBACDD11.Ihatethepeople_donthelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where12.Thisistheplace_Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which13.Nobodyknowsthereason_shedidntco
20、metothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when14.Themoonisaworld_thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why15.Hehasforgottentheday_hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which ACccA16.Mr.White,_carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which17.Hegottothevillage_hisfamilyoncelivedmanyyearsago.A.thatB.whi
21、chC.whenD.where18.Thereisahousehere_Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where19.Helivedinasmallvillage,_wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when20.Hedidnttellmetheplace_hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereCDBBDEx.用适当的关系代词、关系副词填空。用适当的关系代词、关系副词填空。1.Thefirstthing_youmustdoistohaveamea
22、l.2.April1stistheday_iscalledAprilFoolsDayinthewest.3.Thefamily_hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.4.Thehouse_weliveinisveryold.5.Didntyouseetheman_Italkedwithjustnow？thatthat/whichwho/thatthatwho/whom/that6.Thisistheonlypresent_hegavemeformybirthday.7.Theboy_iswearingtheblackjac
23、ketisveryclever.8.Thisisthereason_hegavethemachance.9.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.10.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_hehadvisited.11.Thereisnothingintheworld_canfrightenhim.12.Shewearsagoldring,_isveryuncommoninourclass.13.Therearesomefactories_maketoysforchildrenhere.14.Isthistheplace_
24、yourfatheroncelived?15.Illneverforgetthedays_IjoinedtheLeague.thatwho/thatwhythatwho/thatthatthatwhichwherewhen汉译英汉译英1正在参观我们学校的那个外国人来自加拿大正在参观我们学校的那个外国人来自加拿大Theforeigner_Canada.2老师给我们讲了一个令我们非常感动的故事老师给我们讲了一个令我们非常感动的故事Theteachertoldusastory_.3.妈妈煮的面条真美味妈妈煮的面条真美味Thenoodlesissodelicious_.4.他爸爸工作的工厂在这座城市的
25、西部。他爸爸工作的工厂在这座城市的西部。Thefactory_thewestofthiscity.5.坐落在山脚下的那座房子是一个博物馆。坐落在山脚下的那座房子是一个博物馆。Thehouse_isamuseum.6.他就是想见你的人吗？他就是想见你的人吗？Ishetheman_you?7.他就是我昨天见的那个人他就是我昨天见的那个人Heistheman_yesterday.8.这就是那个爸爸是警察的女孩。这就是那个爸爸是警察的女孩。Thisisthegirl_isapoliceman.whoisinvitingourschoolcomesfromwhichmoveduswhichismadeb
26、ymymotherwhichhisfatherworksliesinwhichislocatedatthefootofmountainwho/thatwantstoseewhom/thatIsawwhosefather9.他们住在一座窗户朝南的房子里。Theyliveinahouse_facethesouth.10.这正是我要为她买的礼物Thisistheverypresent_her.11.正在看电视的女孩是Kate.Thegirl_TVisKate.12.她就是照顾这些孩子的护士Sheisthenurse_thesechildren.13.我遇见了告诉我这个消息的史密斯先生ImetMr.S
27、mith_thisnews.14.你认识我们在学校里遇见的老师吗？Doyouknowtheteacher_atschool?15.被叫到名字的男孩们站起来Boys_pleasestandup.16他不再是以前的他。whowasusedtobeHeisnottheperson_.17.柳州是个有许多优美风景的城市。Liuzhouisacity_whosewindowsthatIwillbuyforWhoiswatchingTVwhotakescareofwhotoldmewhomwemetwhoarecalledwhowasusedtobewhichhaslotsofbeautifulviews.
