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1、Unit 2English around the world英英语遍及全世界遍及全世界本讲目录本讲目录基基础础盘盘点点自自测测自自评评考考点点串串讲讲讲讲练练互互动动强强化化训训练练知知能能闯闯关关基础盘点自测自评基础盘点自测自评1He told us that his dream is to become a teacher with a _(广博的广博的)knowledge of many subjects.2He_(复述复述)several times that he was busy.3With the help of_(国国际的的)exchange programme，more an
2、d more teenagers go abroad for studies.4For the_(大多数大多数)of Chinese people in big cities，boys and girls should receive the same education.broad核心核心核心核心单词单词repeatedinternationalmajority5He is good at playing basketball；no one in his class can_(比得上比得上)him.6We_(交交换)our opinions about the event at the me
3、eting.7“Haier” is a good brand in China because of its excellent quality and_(服服务)8Once a child reaches the age of 18，he should be encouraged to live_(独立地独立地)9As is known to us，the telephone is a good means of_.That is to say,we can_ with others by telephone.(communicate)equalexchangedserviceindepen
4、dentlycommunicationcommunicate10用用pronounce的适当形式填空：的适当形式填空：(1)He _the country to be in a state of war.(2)We all thought that Marys_was the best.pronouncedpronunciation1_别客气客气2_ 总共共3_ 除了除了之外之外4_ 精通，熟悉精通，熟悉5_ 不睡；熬夜不睡；熬夜6_ 发生生7_ 以以告告终8_ 引引进，引来，引来9_ 许许多多；极多多多；极多10_ 与与交流交流11_ 或多或少或多或少12_ 做某事有做某事有(没没有有)困困
5、难高高高高频频短短短短语语make oneself at homein totalexcept for(have) a good knowledge ofstay upcome aboutend up withbring ina great manycommunicate withmore or lesshave (no) difficulty/trouble in doing sth.1_Joe cant find in the bathroom?乔在浴室中找不到的在浴室中找不到的东西是什么？西是什么？2_in English every day，it will become more an
6、d more important to have a good knowledge of English.有有这么多的人每天用英么多的人每天用英语交流，精通英交流，精通英语将会将会变得越来得越来越重要。越重要。典型句式典型句式典型句式典型句式What is it thatWith so many people communicating3For a long time the language in America_，_the language in England changed.很很长一段一段时间美国美国语言没言没变化，然而英国化，然而英国语言言变化了。化了。4However，most o
7、f the time people from the two countries do not _each other.然而，在大部分情况下然而，在大部分情况下这两个国家的人两个国家的人们彼此听懂彼此听懂对方的方的语言没有困言没有困难。stayed the samewhilehave any difficulty in understanding考点串讲讲练互动考点串讲讲练互动1.majorityn大多数，大半大多数，大半(教材教材P10)There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak Englis
8、h.有有42个以上的国家中的大多数人个以上的国家中的大多数人说英英语。The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.大多数医生大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。吸烟有害健康。(牛津牛津P1220)The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking.大多数人支持禁烟。大多数人支持禁烟。单词单词精研精研精研精研(牛津牛津P1220)In the nursing profession，women are in a/the majority.女性在女性在护理行理行业中占大多数。中占大
9、多数。(牛津牛津P1220)She was elected by a majority of 749.她以她以749票中的多数票当票中的多数票当选。归纳拓展归纳拓展即境活用即境活用1What are the boys favourite sports?_of them are crazy about football and basketball.ANoneBThe majorityCEvery DThe most解析：解析：选B。the majority of后面的名后面的名词前面可用限定前面可用限定词，也，也可不用限定可不用限定词。D项应改改为most of them或或most boys
10、。句意。句意: “男孩最喜男孩最喜欢的运的运动是什么？是什么？”“”“大部分男孩喜大部分男孩喜欢踢足球和踢足球和打打篮球。球。”2完成句子完成句子我我们居住的国家，居住的国家，妇女占大多数。女占大多数。We live in a country where women _.are in the majorityIt is equal to me whether he will come to my wedding or not.他来不来参加我的婚礼他来不来参加我的婚礼对我来我来说都一都一样。It is reasonable to demand equal pay for equal work.要
11、求同工同酬是合理的。要求同工同酬是合理的。He does not seem (to be) equal to meeting our demands.Thats to say，he wont be equal to doing the work.他似乎不太合乎我他似乎不太合乎我们的要求。也就是的要求。也就是说，他可能不会，他可能不会胜任做任做那那项工作。工作。Boys and girls are equal，and thus they should be treated fairly.男孩女孩是平等的，因此男孩女孩是平等的，因此应公平地公平地对待他待他们。(2)n.同等的人或事物同等的人或事物
12、(牛津牛津P672)She treats the people who work for her as her equals.她以同等的身份她以同等的身份对待待为她工作的人。她工作的人。(3)v.等于，与等于，与相匹相匹敌None of us can equal her，either in beauty or as a dancer.不不论是容貌是容貌还是舞是舞艺，我，我们都比不上她。都比不上她。即境活用即境活用3(2012高考福建卷高考福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _ respected.Ae
13、specially BequallyCnaturally Dnormally解析：解析：选B。考。考查副副词词义。A项为“尤其，特尤其，特别”；B项为“平等地，同平等地，同样地地”；C项为“自然地自然地”；D项为“正常正常地地”。由。由题干句意干句意“任何人，不管他是一名官任何人，不管他是一名官员还是一名公是一名公共汽共汽车司机司机,都都应该受到同受到同样的尊敬的尊敬”可准确可准确选择答案答案为Bparevt.比比较，对照；比照；比喻，比作，比作vi.相比，匹相比，匹敌(教材教材P14)Write a short passage in which you compare American an
14、d British English or dialects in Chinese.用用汉语写一篇短文，比写一篇短文，比较一下美国英一下美国英语和英国英和英国英语的异同。的异同。(1)compare.to.把把比作比作We often compare children to flowers of our country.我我们常常把孩子比作祖国的花常常把孩子比作祖国的花朵。(2)compare.with.把把和和相比相比When compared with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean does not seem big at all
15、.和整个地球相比，最大的海洋也不和整个地球相比，最大的海洋也不显得大了。得大了。Dont compare yourself with the models and actors in the media.不要拿自己与媒体上的模特和演不要拿自己与媒体上的模特和演员相比。相比。(3)compare with.匹匹敌，可与，可与相比相比Living in a town cant compare with living in the country in many respects.在在许多方面城市生活比不上多方面城市生活比不上乡村生活。村生活。归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)compared with/to用
16、作非用作非谓语作状作状语时，表示，表示“与与比比较”，只能用，只能用过去分去分词形式而不能用形式而不能用现在分在分词形式。形式。(2)compare notes交交换意意见Compared to our small apartment，our uncles house seemed like a palace.和我和我们的小公寓比起来，叔叔的房子就像的小公寓比起来，叔叔的房子就像宫殿一殿一样。Compared with/to many women，she was indeed very fortunate.和和许多多妇女比起来，她的确很幸运。女比起来，她的确很幸运。We met after t
17、he exam to compare notes on how well we had done.考考试后我后我们聚在一起，聚在一起，谈了各自的考了各自的考试情况。情况。【高效高效记忆】即境活用即境活用4.(2012高考新高考新课标全国卷全国卷)Film has a much shorter history, especially when _such art forms as music and painting.Ahaving compared to Bcomparing toCcompare to Dcompared to解析：解析：选D。考。考查非非谓语动词。句子的主。句子的主语是是f
18、ilm，它和，它和compare之之间是被是被动关系，所以要用被关系，所以要用被动形式。因此只能形式。因此只能选择D项,“when compared to.”相当于相当于when引引导的状的状语从句的从句的省略省略,补全后全后为：when it is compared to.。句意：。句意：电影的影的历史短得多史短得多,尤其是它与尤其是它与诸如音如音乐、绘画等画等艺术形式相比形式相比较时.4.replacevt.放回，置于原放回，置于原处；代替，取代；代替，取代(教材教材P14)Replace difficult words with simple ones.用用简单词汇替替换难词。(1)代替
19、，取代代替，取代(牛津牛津P1688)It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.不吃正餐不吃正餐,改吃点心改吃点心,这不是什么好主意。不是什么好主意。 (2012高考安徽卷高考安徽卷阅读理解理解E)It has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.它它(新科技新科技)会更好，以至于它将取代我会更好，以至于它将取代我们已已经拥有的有的东西。西。(2)放回，置于原放回，置于原处You have to replace the boo
20、ks on the shelves before you leave.你离开之前必你离开之前必须把把书放回放回书架上。架上。He replaced the receiver and hurried out of the room.他放下他放下电话听筒，急忙走出了房听筒，急忙走出了房间。易混辨析易混辨析in place of，instead of，take the place of，replacetake the place ofreplace取代，代替取代，代替in place of取代，代替取代，代替(介介词短短语)instead of代替，而不是代替，而不是(介介词短短语)即境活用即境活用
21、5用用in place of，take the place of，replace,instead of填空填空.(1)就我个人而言，就我个人而言，课堂上堂上电脑永永远不会取代老不会取代老师。As far as Im concerned，_by computers in class.(2)我我们的班的班长生病了，因此老生病了，因此老师让我替代他。我替代他。Our monitor is ill today，so my teacher asked me to_him.(3)他是乘汽他是乘汽车来的而不是乘火来的而不是乘火车。He came here by bus_by train.teachers w
22、ill never be replacedreplace/take the place ofinstead of(4)他不适合他不适合这项工作，我工作，我们另雇了个人代替他。另雇了个人代替他。He is not fit for the job.Weve hired a new one _him.in place of【高效高效记忆】(牛津牛津P691)I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.我与我与经理握手，相互交理握手，相互交谈了几句。了几句。Id rather exchange seats with my deskm
23、ate.我想和同桌交我想和同桌交换一下座位。一下座位。Id like to exchange some pounds for dollars.我想把一些英我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。成美金。(2012高考北京卷高考北京卷阅读理解理解A) If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer.如果如果这个个课程无法程无法让你完全你完全满意，你可以很容易地把它意，你可以很容易地把它换成成我我们提供的任何其他提供
24、的任何其他课程。程。即境活用即境活用6It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money_favors to them.Ain preference to Bin place ofCin agreement with Din exchange for解析：解析：选D。考。考查介介词短短语辨析。句意：公共官辨析。句意：公共官员要求人要求人们送礼或金送礼或金钱来来给他他们换取好取好处是是违法的。法的。A项意意为“优先先于于”；B项意意为“代替代替”；C项意意为“同意同意”；D项意意为“交交换”。根据句意。根据句意
25、选D。7完成句子完成句子在会上，我在会上，我们将有机会交流英将有机会交流英语学学习经验。Well have an opportunity to_in learning English at the meeting.exchange our e about发生，生，产生，造成生，造成(常用于疑常用于疑问句或否定句句或否定句)(教材教材P12)How did these differences come about?这些不同是怎么些不同是怎么产生的呢？生的呢？Its already 10 oclock.I wonder how it came about that she was two hour
26、s late on such a short trip.已已经10点点钟了。我想知道在了。我想知道在这么短的路程里她么短的路程里她迟到两小到两小时是是怎么回事。怎么回事。How did it come about that humans speak so many different languages？人？人类会会说这么多种不同的么多种不同的语言，言，这种情况是如何种情况是如何产生的呢？生的呢？易混辨析易混辨析come about，happen，take place，break outcome about发生，生，产生，指要求解生，指要求解释或或说明事情明事情发生的理由。生的理由。经常与常与
27、how连用。用。happen发生，常用生，常用词汇，指偶然的、意外的、具体客，指偶然的、意外的、具体客观事事物的物的发生或出生或出现，尤其指自，尤其指自发的未能的未能预见的事情的事情发生。生。take place发生，指事件或事故的生，指事件或事故的发生是在生是在预料中的并非偶然料中的并非偶然的，的，进而引申而引申为按按计划划“进行，行，举行行”。break out指指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然争、火灾、疾病等的突然“发生，爆生，爆发”。即境活用即境活用8用用come about，break out，take place，happen填空。填空。(1)幸幸亏亏地震没有地震没有发生在市中心。生在市
28、中心。Luckily，the earthquake didnt _in the center of the city.(2)火灾火灾发生生时我正在睡我正在睡觉，然后火迅速蔓延。，然后火迅速蔓延。I was still sleeping when the fire_，and then it spread quickly.happenbroke out(3)2011夏季世界大学生运夏季世界大学生运动会如期在深圳会如期在深圳举行，行，结果非果非常成功。常成功。The 2011 Summer World university Games _in Shenzhen as planned and turn
29、ed out to be a great success.(4)他是怎么知道我他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？在什么地方的呢？How did it _that he knew where we were?took placecome about7.a great many许多多(教材教材P14)There are a great many American Indian words，for example“to howl”means“to cry”有大量的美国印第安有大量的美国印第安词汇，例如，例如，“to howl”意意为“to cry”。(牛津牛津P1230)I have known he
30、r for a great many years.我我认识她好多年了。她好多年了。He has read a great many of the books in this library.他他读过很多很多这个个图书馆里的里的书。归纳拓展归纳拓展A large number of students have been admitted to universities.许多学生被大学多学生被大学录取。取。A great deal of money was spent on the project.那那项工程花工程花费了大量金了大量金钱。即境活用即境活用9The young dancers loo
31、ked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took_pictures of them.Amany of Ba great manyCthe number of Da large amount解析：解析：选B。a great many修修饰可数名可数名词复数；复数；the number of的数量；的数量；a large amount of大量的，后接不可数名大量的，后接不可数名词；many of后接前面后接前面带有定冠有定冠词的名的名词,意思是意思是“中的中的许多多”.8.except for除了除了之外之外(教材教材P10)In C
32、hina students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or a second language.除了香港有除了香港有许多人把英多人把英语当作第一或第二当作第一或第二语言外，中国学生言外，中国学生都把英都把英语作作为外外语来学来学习。Smith is a good man，except for his bad temper.史密斯是个好人，只是脾气不好。史密斯是个好人，只是脾气不好。Th
33、e movie is good except for its ending which seems a little plain.这部部电影很好，只是影很好，只是结尾似乎有点平淡。尾似乎有点平淡。易混辨析易混辨析but，except，except that，besidesbut，except“除除之外之外”，不包括在所指内容之内。，不包括在所指内容之内。except that/when“除去除去之外之外”，后接从句。，后接从句。besides“除了除了以外以外(还有有)”，包括在所指范，包括在所指范围以内，以内，还可用作副可用作副词，意，意为“此外，而且此外，而且”。即境活用即境活用10用用b
34、ut，except，except that/wh-，besides填空。填空。(1)除了在除了在报纸上上读过的内容，我的内容，我对那那场事故一无所知。事故一无所知。I know nothing about the accident _I read in the newspaper.(2)除除玛丽外大家都去了外大家都去了图书馆，因，因为那天她没在。那天她没在。Everybody went to visit the library _Mary because she was absent that day.except whatexcept/but(3)他是个好学生，只是偶他是个好学生，只是偶尔尔
35、有些粗心。有些粗心。He is a good student _he is occasionally careless.(4)除了有几个拼写除了有几个拼写错误之外，你的文章写得很好。之外，你的文章写得很好。Your composition is well written _a few spelling mistakes.(5)现在出去太晚了，而且开始下雨。在出去太晚了，而且开始下雨。Its too late to go out now._,its beginning to rain.except thatexcept forBesides1.(教材教材P8)What is it that Jo
36、e cant find in the bathroom?乔在浴室里究竟找不到什么？在浴室里究竟找不到什么？句法分析句法分析本句是本句是强强调句型的特殊疑句型的特殊疑问式，由式，由“疑疑问词is/wasitthat/who.”构成。构成。句型精析句型精析句型精析句型精析归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)强强调句的基本句的基本结构构为“It is/was强强调部分部分that/who其其他部分他部分”，被，被强强调的部分是人作主的部分是人作主语时，用，用that或或who皆可，皆可，其他情况其他情况连接接词一般用一般用that。(2)一般疑一般疑问句形式：句形式：Is/Was it强强调部分部分that/wh
37、o其他部分？其他部分？(3)特殊疑特殊疑问句形式：句形式：What/Why/Where/How/Who等疑等疑问词is/wasitthat/who其他部分？若以其他部分？若以who提提问，强强调词通常通常用用that而不用而不用who，即，即Who is/was it that.(此此处不用不用who)。It was only when I read the newspaper that I learned that he had been killed in the air crash.只是当我只是当我读报纸时我才得知他已我才得知他已经死于那死于那场空空难。Was it in the str
38、eet that you saw her yesterday?昨天你是在街上昨天你是在街上见到她的到她的吗？Where was it that you met him last night?你昨晚到底在什么地方遇你昨晚到底在什么地方遇见的他？的他？即境活用即境活用11完成句子完成句子直到那年从非洲回来他才遇到那个他想与之直到那年从非洲回来他才遇到那个他想与之结婚的女孩。婚的女孩。It was_he came back from Africa that year_he met the girl he would like to marry.12(2012高考湖南卷高考湖南卷)It was not
39、 until I came here _ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.Awho BthatCwhere Dbeforenot untilthat解析：解析：选B。考。考查强强调句型。句意：直到来到句型。句意：直到来到这里我才意里我才意识到到这个地方不个地方不仅因因为它的美它的美丽而而闻名，名，还因它的天气而因它的天气而闻名。句中出名。句中出现not until结构，且构，且not与与until放在一起使用。放在一起使用。能能够出出现这种情况的句型有两种：种情况的句型有
40、两种：It is/was not until.that.强强调句型；句型；Not until.部分倒装句。根据句子部分倒装句。根据句子结构可确定答案。此外，我构可确定答案。此外，我们也可以将也可以将It is/was与空格去掉与空格去掉来来验证此句是否是一个此句是否是一个强强调句。句。2.(教材教材P11)With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.有有这么多的人每天用英么多的人每
41、天用英语交流交流,精通英精通英语将会将会变得越来越重要得越来越重要.It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.嘴里嘴里满含食物含食物说话是不礼貌的。是不礼貌的。With so much homework to do，he felt upset.有有这么多的作么多的作业要做，他感到很着急。要做，他感到很着急。With so many children laughing and talking，the room was lively.这么多孩子又么多孩子又说又笑，房又笑，房间里充里充满生机。生机。You had no idea how she f
42、inished the relay race with her foot wounded so much.你根本不知道，在脚你根本不知道，在脚伤得那么得那么厉害的害的情况下她是怎情况下她是怎样完成接力比完成接力比赛的。的。Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.安德森身上穿着衣服，躺在床上。安德森身上穿着衣服，躺在床上。He went out into the dark street with a stick in his hand.手里拿着根木棍，他走手里拿着根木棍，他走进漆黑的街道。漆黑的街道。即境活用即境活用13(201
43、1高考湖北卷高考湖北卷)“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！”the mother shouted，with_ clearly in her voice.Aanger BrudenessCregret Dpanic解析：解析：选D。句意：。句意：“Tommy,快跑！快点！房子着火了！快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母母亲大声喊着，声音中明大声喊着，声音中明显透着恐慌。透着恐慌。anger生气；生气；rudeness粗粗鲁；regret后悔；后悔；panic恐慌。根据句意可知恐慌。根据句意可知应选D项。3.(教材教材P13)However，most of
44、the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.然而，在大部分情况下然而，在大部分情况下这两个国家的人两个国家的人们彼此听懂彼此听懂对方的方的语言没有困言没有困难。句法分析句法分析have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困做某事有困难(1)difficulty在在该短短语中是不可数名中是不可数名词,其前可用其前可用much，little, no，any，some等修等修饰。(2)have difficulty with sth
45、.和和There is difficulty (in) doing sth./with sth.句型都表示句型都表示“做某事有困做某事有困难”。(3)以上短以上短语和句型中的和句型中的difficulty都可以用都可以用trouble替替换。Every time he had a chance，he would talk about the great difficulty he had settling in the new country.每次他有机会，他会每次他有机会，他会谈论定居在那个新国家所定居在那个新国家所经历的困的困难。He has much difficulty/trouble
46、 with his English pronunciation.他在英他在英语发音方面有很大困音方面有很大困难。There is no difficulty/trouble (in) finding his house.找到他的家毫不找到他的家毫不费力。力。(牛津牛津P554)I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood.我毫不我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。力地表达了自己的意思。即境活用即境活用14I had great difficulty_the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.Afind BfoundCto find Dfinding解析：解析：选D。句意：在那个餐。句意：在那个餐馆，我很，我很难从菜从菜单上找到合适上找到合适的食物。的食物。have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing(做做有困有困难)是固定搭配，所以是固定搭配，所以选D项。同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
