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1、 Grammar 非谓语非谓语动词动词 非谓语动词功能比较非谓语动词功能比较 to do的复合结构的复合结构 -ing form的复合结构的复合结构 非谓语动词的否定式非谓语动词的否定式 -ing form 与与 pp 的区别的区别 by liu xiaoyu主主语语表表语语宾宾语语定定语语补补语语状状语语 to do -ing form pp非谓语动词功能比较非谓语动词功能比较eg.I like skating,but I dont like to skate today. Playing with fire is dangerous. Look out！To play with fire
2、is dangerous.eg.There is no joking about such matters.主语、主语、表语、宾语表语、宾语1. to do 表示具体的动作，表示具体的动作，-ing form表示泛指的动作。表示泛指的动作。2.“there is no +主语”句型中，多用-ing form.eg.He attends the meeting being held in the room now. He attended the meeting held yesterday. He will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.2.表示
3、被修饰词的内容时， 用to do.eg.She has a strong wish to go to college.1.从时态上看，-ing form表示正在进行的动作 pp表示已经完成的动作，to do表示将来的动作。定语定语eg. I found him cooking supper. I found supper cooked when I got home. It is true I saw Henry cook supper.-ing form与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经
4、完成；to do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。补语补语作状语时的区别：作状语时的区别：-ing form,pp表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,eg.they worked hard to pay for the necklace. I went to see him only to find him out. I am glad to see you.to do表示表示1.目的目的; 2.结果结果表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。强调。 3.原因原因表示造成情
5、感变化的原因。表示造成情感变化的原因。目的目的结果结果原因原因非谓语动词的否定形式非谓语动词的否定形式Not + to do / -ing formHe decided not to do it.She wished never to see him again.Not seeing John,I asked where he was.Not having done it right, I tried again.-ing form 与与 pp 的区别的区别-ing form表示主动，正在进行表示主动，正在进行,pp表示被动，已经完成表示被动，已经完成作表语时或定语时，作表语时或定语时，-in
6、g form表示表示“令人令人” ,pp表表示示“感到感到”，常见的有下列感官动词：，常见的有下列感官动词：move ,surprise,astonish,delight,comfort,disappoint,puzzle,frighten下列表示关系的词用下列表示关系的词用EDSeated in(on)坐在坐在 located坐落坐落 stationed驻防驻防 dressed 打扮打扮hidden 藏在藏在related关系关系1.He was hidden under the desk.2.Dressed like a lawyer, she came to the court.3.St
7、ationed in Hongkong, a group of PLA men followed HongKong customs.4.Seated at the back of the classroom,he listened to the teacher carefully.5.Located on the seashore, the building looks pretty.1.The story was _,we were all _. A.moving,moving B.moved,moved C.moving,moved D.moved,moving2.There is a _
8、 expression on his face.Maybe the problem is too difficult for him. A.puzzled B.puzzling C.puzzle D.to puzzle3.With his son too_, the father was sad. A.disappointed B.disappointing1.I could feel the wind _ on my face from an open window. A.to blow B.blowing C.blown D.to be blowing2.Well meet Mr.Blac
9、k,_ as a famous scientist. A.knowing B.to be known C.known D.being known3._ more time, we could do it better. A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.To be given4.A young man _ novels came to us yesterday. A.to write B.writing C.written D.wrote5.All the things_,his proposal is of greater value than yours. A.co
10、nsidered B.considering C.consider D.to consider6._Sunday, the students are at home. A.Being B.To be C.It is D.It being.ing form的复合结的复合结构构1.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词/名词所有格名词所有格+ing form2.代词宾格代词宾格/名词名词+ing form主语表语宾语宾语1.Do you mind opening the door?2.Going there saved us a good deal of trouble.3.Being late aga
11、in made the teacher angry.Do you mind me/my opening Toms going there saved us a good His being late again made说出说出-ing form动作的执行者时，须用复合结构动作的执行者时，须用复合结构n1.Sarah,hurry up.I am afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.nA get changed B get changenC get changing D get to changen2.when first _to th
12、e market,these products enjoyed great success.nA introducing B introducednC introduce D being introducedn3.”We cannot go out in this weather” said Bob,_ out of window.nA looking B to look C looked D having lookedn4.Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.nA making herself hear B to make he
13、rself hearnC making herself heard D to make herself heardn5.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV,there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.nA to form B form C forming D having formedn6.Alice returned from the managers office _ me that the boss wanted to see m
14、e at once.nA having told B tells C to tell D tellingn7.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss.nA questioning B having questionednC questioned D to be questionedn8.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills.nA for me taking B me takingnC fo
15、r me take C me to taken9.He looked around and caught a man_ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.nA put B to be putting C to put D puttingn10.According to a recent US survey,children spend up to 25 hours a week_TV.nA to watch B to watching nC watching D watchn11.The flowers_ sweet in the botanic
16、garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.nA to smell B smellingnC smelt D to be smeltn12.Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth.nA run B running nC being run D to runn13.Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_.nA worried B to worry nC worrying D worry
