外研小学起点版八年级上册英语语法复习

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1、1、一般过去时态、一般过去时态2、现在完成时态、现在完成时态3、过去进行时态、过去进行时态4、反意疑、反意疑问句句5、动词不定式不定式课时：3个标准课一般过去时规则动词过去式规则动词过去式的构成规则的构成规则用法用法各种句式结构各种句式结构时间状语时间状语要求：四人小组分工合作完成！四人小组分工合作完成！过过去去式式的的构构成成规规则则“直”一般情况下在动词原形后直接加一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed.如：如：wantwanted“去”以不发音的字母以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉结尾的动词，去掉e再加再加-ed.如：如：hopehoped“双”重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母重读闭音节

2、单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加再加-ed.如：如：stopstopped“改”以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的动词改结尾的动词改y为为i，再加，再加-ed.如：如：studystudied注意：注意：不规则动词变化，要逐一熟记。不规则动词变化，要逐一熟记。 2 2实义动词过去式的句式。实义动词过去式的句式。肯定式：主语肯定式：主语+ +动词过去式动词过去式+ +其它。其它。如：如：They had a good time yesterday.They had a good time yesterday. 否定式：主语否定式：主语+did not+did not（didndidnt t）+ +动词

3、原形动词原形+ +其它。其它。 如：如：They didnThey didnt watch TV last night.t watch TV last night. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Did+Did+主语主语+ +动词原形动词原形+ +其它？其它？ 肯定回答：肯定回答：YesYes，主语主语+did. +did. 否定回答：否定回答：NoNo，主语主语+didn+didnt.t.如：如：Did they have a meeting two days agoDid they have a meeting two days ago？ YesYes，they did. / Nothey di

4、d. / No，they didnthey didnt. t. 特殊疑特殊疑问句：特殊疑句：特殊疑问词+did+did+主主语+ +动词原形原形+ +其它？其它？ 如：如：What time did you finish your homeworkWhat time did you finish your homework？ 3 3一般过去时一般过去时的用法：的用法：a.a.主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。My father worked in Shanghai last year.My father worked in Shanghai last

5、year.b.b.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与oftenoften，alwaysalways等等 表示频度的时间状语连用。表示频度的时间状语连用。I often went to school on foot.I often went to school on foot.c.c.与与whenwhen等连词引导的状语从句连用。等连词引导的状语从句连用。When he got homeWhen he got home，he had a short rest.he had a short rest.4 4一般过去时一般过去时的时间状语：的时间状语：a momen

6、t agoa moment ago（刚才），刚才），yesterday morningyesterday morning，last night/ last night/ weekweek，the day before yesterdaythe day before yesterday（前天），前天），just nowjust now（刚才），刚才），in 2006, three days agoin 2006, three days ago等等用所给动词的正确形式填空用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. I _ ( go) to school yesterday.1. I _ ( go) to sc

7、hool yesterday. 2. She_ ( play ) football last week. 2. She_ ( play ) football last week. 3. Look! Jack _ ( sing ) now. 3. Look! Jack _ ( sing ) now. 4.You_(read)the new paper the day before yesterday. 4.You_(read)the new paper the day before yesterday. 5. I _ ( see ) Jack in the zoo last weekend. 5

8、. I _ ( see ) Jack in the zoo last weekend. 6. I _ (do) my homework last night 6. I _ (do) my homework last night 7.She _(open)the mailbox the day after tomorrow. 7.She _(open)the mailbox the day after tomorrow. 8. I _ ( help ) the little baby drink the milk the 8. I _ ( help ) the little baby drink

9、 the milk the next morning.next morning. 9. The farmers _ (work) on the farm next week. 9. The farmers _ (work) on the farm next week. 10. My parents_ ( watch) TV last Monday. 10. My parents_ ( watch) TV last Monday.wentplayedis singingreadsawdidwill openwill helpwill workwatched句型转换句型转换1.1.I went t

10、o the party last Friday. I went to the party last Friday. （改为一般疑问句）改为一般疑问句）_ you _ to the party last Friday?_ you _ to the party last Friday?2.2.I had a nice time last Sunday. I had a nice time last Sunday. （改为一般疑问句）改为一般疑问句）_ you _ nice time last Sunday?_ you _ nice time last Sunday?3.3.We went to L

11、ondon We went to London two years ago.two years ago. （对划线部分提问）对划线部分提问）_ _ you_ to London?_ _ you_ to London?4.4.He did his homework in the morning. He did his homework in the morning. （改为否定句）改为否定句）He_ _ his homework in the morning.He_ _ his homework in the morning.DidgoDidhaveWhendidgodidnt do现在完成时规

12、则动词过去分词规则动词过去分词的构成规则的构成规则用法用法各种句式结构各种句式结构时间标志词时间标志词谓语构成要求：六人小组合作完成谓语构成：谓语构成：助动词助动词have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词用用法法（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与常与already(已经已经),ever(曾经曾经),yet,just(刚刚刚刚),before(以前以前)等词连用。等词连用。（2）表示过去发生的动作持续到了现在，表示过去发生的动作持续到了现在，常与常与for或或since引导的时间状语连用。引导的时间状语连用。标标志志词词（1）ju

13、st，never，ever，already，yet等等（2）for一段时间一段时间；since点时间或点时间或引导时间状语从句（一引导时间状语从句（一般多为过去时）般多为过去时）（3）sofar(到目前为止到目前为止)；inthepast/last表示一段时间的词语表示一段时间的词语各各种种句句式式结结构构肯定式：肯定式：主语主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词+其他其他否定式：否定式：主语主语+havent/hasnt+过去分词过去分词+其他其他一般疑问句：一般疑问句： Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+其他？其他？特殊疑问句特殊疑问句： 疑问词疑问词+have/has+主语

14、主语+过去分词过去分词+其他？其他？Ihavelivedherefortenyears.Lucyhaslivedheresince2001.Theyhaventhadbreakfastyet.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Howlonghashelivedhere?1、see2、hear3、study4、stop5、write6、teach7、catch8、go9、play10、live11、make12、forgetseenheardstudiedstoppedwrittentaughtcaughtgoneplayedlivedmadeforgotten( (一一) )考

15、查现在完成时的一般用法考查现在完成时的一般用法 ( ( )1)1Kitty, Kitty, will will you you go go to to see see the the film film Cold Cold Mountain this evening?Mountain this evening? NoNo，I wonI wont tI_it alreadyI_it already A Asaw Bsaw Bhave seen Chave seen Csee Dsee Dwill seewill see ( ( )2)2. .Gone Gone with with the the

16、 Wind Wind is is a a wellwellknown known novelnovelShe_ it twiceShe_ it twice A Aread Bread Bis reading Cis reading Creads Dreads Dhas readhas read ( )3 ( )3How long_ you_ here?How long_ you_ here? For about two years so farFor about two years so far A. have; studied B. did; live A. have; studied B.

17、 did; live C. do; stay D. have changed C. do; stay D. have changedABD（二）考查非延续性动词与一段时间连用的表达方式（二）考查非延续性动词与一段时间连用的表达方式( ( )1)1OhOhMrsMrsking, king, your your dress dress looks looks nicenice Is Is it it new?new?NoNo，I_ it since two years ago. I_ it since two years ago. A Ahad Bhad Bhave had Chave had C

18、bought Dbought Dhave boughthave bought( )2( )2Jeff borrowed a history book from his friendJeff borrowed a history book from his friendHe_it for a weekHe_it for a weekA Ahas borrowed B.has lent C.has kept Dhas borrowed B.has lent C.has kept Dlendlend( ( )3.)3.The The students students are are sorry s

19、orry to to hear hear that that the the famous famous singer_for half an hoursinger_for half an hour A Ahas left Bhas left Bhas gone C. has been away has gone C. has been away D. has gone away D. has gone awayBCC ( (三三) )考考查查havehavehas has been been toto，havehavehas has gone gone toto与与havehavehas h

20、as been inbeen in的区别的区别( )1( )1Wheres your father?Wheres your father?He_ ShanghaiHe_ ShanghaiHeHell be back next weekll be back next week A Ahas has gone gone to to B Bhas has been been to to C Chave have gone gone to to D Dhave been tohave been to( )2( )2Where is David? Where is David? He_to Englan

21、d on businessHe_to England on business A Ais going Bis going Bhas gone Chas gone Chas been Dhas been Dgoesgoes ( )3. ( )3._ you ever_ to the United States? _ you ever_ to the United States? - -Yes, twiceYes, twiceA AHave; gone BHave; gone BHave; been CHave; been CDoDo；go Dgo DWere; goingWere; goingA

22、BB( (四四) )考查考查forfor与与sincesince接时间状语时的区别接时间状语时的区别( )1( )1What a nice dog! How long have you had it?What a nice dog! How long have you had it?-_two years-_two years A AFor BFor BSince C. InSince C. In( )2( )2Miss Miss GaoGao has taught in this school_ 1993 has taught in this school_ 1993A. for BA. f

23、or Bat Cat Cin Din Dsincesince ( (五五) )考查现在完成时与一般过去时的区别考查现在完成时与一般过去时的区别( )1( )1-He has already gone to England-He has already gone to England -When_ he_ there? -When_ he_ there? A Awill; go Bwill; go Bis; going Cis; going Cdid; go Ddid; go Dhas; gonehas; gone( ( )2)2Have Have you you read read this

24、this book?yes, book?yes, I_it I_it two two weeks weeks ago.ago.A Aam reading Bam reading Bhave read Chave read Cwill read Dwill read DreadreadADCD( (六六) )现在完成时在特定语境下的使用现在完成时在特定语境下的使用( ( )1)1HelenHelen，I I told told you you to to do do your your home-work home-work as as carefully as you can?carefull

25、y as you can?YesYes，but Ibut Ifewer mistakes than I usually dofewer mistakes than I usually doA Awas making Bwas making Bhave made Chave made Cwill make Dwill make Dhad madehad made( )2( )2Has the match started?Has the match started? Started? FinishedStarted? Finished！GuoGuo YueYue_A Ais winning Bis

26、 winning Bwins Cwins Cwill win Dwill win Dhas wonhas won( ( )3. )3. Xiao Xiao Wang_ Wang_ English English for for thirteen thirteen years. years. So So he he can can speak quite good English.speak quite good English.A. had learned B. has learned A. had learned B. has learned C. will be learning D. l

27、earnsC. will be learning D. learnsBD B ( )4. The film_for half an hour. ( )4. The film_for half an hour. A. has begun B. has been begun A. has begun B. has been begun C. has been on D. began C. has been on D. began ( ( )5. )5. You You dondont t have have to to describe describe her. her. I_her I_her

28、 several times.several times. A. had met B. have met C. meet D. met A. had met B. have met C. meet D. met ( ( )6. )6. Miss Miss Yang Yang is is not not at at home. home. She_to She_to the the school school library.library. A. went B. has been C. goes D. has gone A. went B. has been C. goes D. has go

29、ne ( ( )7. )7. He He has has never never visited visited the the Great Great Hall Hall of of the the People._?People._? A. hasn A. hasnt he B. has he C. does he D. doesnt he B. has he C. does he D. doesnt het heBCDB过去进行时现在分词现在分词V-ing构成规则构成规则用法用法各种句式结构各种句式结构时间状语时间状语谓语构成谓语构成谓语构成谓语构成:was/were+现在分词现在分词V

30、-ing用法：用法：表示在过去的某一时间正在进行的动作表示在过去的某一时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态或存在的状态时间状语：时间状语：atthistimeyesterday（昨天这个时候）（昨天这个时候）atthattimelastweek（上周那个时候）（上周那个时候）atnineyesterdayevening（昨晚九点时）（昨晚九点时）fromseventotenlastnight（昨晚从七点到十点）（昨晚从七点到十点）等，等，when或或while引导时间状语从句的主、从复合句。引导时间状语从句的主、从复合句。 I was reading a newspaper when he came

31、 inI was reading a newspaper when he came in 他进来时，我正在看报。他进来时，我正在看报。 While I was walking home, I met While I was walking home, I met MrMr Green. Green. 我步行回家时遇到了格林先生我步行回家时遇到了格林先生. . My My father father was was reading reading a a newspaper newspaper while while my my mother was cooking. mother was co

32、oking. 妈妈做饭时爸爸在看报。妈妈做饭时爸爸在看报。注注：while while 引引导导时时间间状状语语从从句句的的主主、从从复复合合句句，两两个个过过去进行时并用，表示动作同时发生。去进行时并用，表示动作同时发生。各各种种句句式式结结构构肯定式：肯定式：否定式：否定式：Hewassleepingwhenshearrived.她到达时他正在睡觉。她到达时他正在睡觉。Theywerentplantingtreesatnineyesterday.昨天早上九点他们不在植树。昨天早上九点他们不在植树。一般疑问句：一般疑问句： WasWere+主语主语+v-ing+其它其它?主语主语+was/w

33、ere+v-ing+其它其它主语主语+waswerenot+v-ing+其它其它Washeplayingfootballwhenyourangme?你打电话给我时他正在踢足球吗你打电话给我时他正在踢足球吗?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:疑问词疑问词+waswere+主语主语+v-ing+其它其它?WhatwasPeterdoingatthistimelastweek?上周这个时候彼特在于什么上周这个时候彼特在于什么?用was/were填空:1、I listening to the music.2、She playing the piano.3、They looking at the flowers.4

34、、We having a picnic.5、Lingling watching TV.6、Two boys reading book.7、Your uncle and auntvisiting the Great Wall.8、Everyonehaving lunch.9、People working on the farm.10、Some women singing pop music.waswaswaswaswerewerewerewerewerewere用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.You_ 1.You_ (have) (have) a a meeting me

35、eting at at 9 9 last last Monday Monday morningmorning2.They_ (play)football when I passed2.They_ (play)football when I passed3.She_ (take)a walk when we had a talk3.She_ (take)a walk when we had a talk4._they 4._they _ _ (try)to (try)to draw draw horses horses on on the the blackboard when the teac

36、her came in?blackboard when the teacher came in?5. 5. The The students students _ _ (1isten)to (1isten)to the the teacher teacher carefully while he was teaching carefully while he was teaching 。were havingwere playingwas taking Weretryingwere listening 反意疑问句反意疑问句意义意义概念概念回答规律规律构成构成当我们陈述一个事实，当我们陈述一个事

37、实，而又不是很有把握，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加就可以在陈述句后加 一一 个简短问句，称为个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。反意疑问句。 , 对吧对吧/是吧是吧?陈述句陈述句+简短问句简短问句助动词助动词/系动词系动词be/情态情态动词动词+主语（代词）主语（代词）陈述句是陈述句是肯定肯定的，的，简短问句用简短问句用否定否定形式；形式；而陈述句是而陈述句是否定否定的，的，简短问句就用简短问句就用肯定肯定形式；形式；（前肯后否，前否后肯）（前肯后否，前否后肯） 按按事实回事实回答答二、二、祈使句用于反意疑问句中祈使句用于反意疑问句中 这这种种类类型型较较特特殊殊，前前一一部部分分是是祈祈使使

38、句句，后后一一部部分分是是肯肯定疑问形式。定疑问形式。句句 型型 1 1: :LetLets+s+动动 词词 原原 形形 + +其其 它它 ， shallwe?shallwe? 例例 ： LetLetsgoforawalk, sgoforawalk, shall shall wewe? 而而 Let us go for a walk, Let us go for a walk, will youwill you? ?句句 型型 2 2: :其其 它它 形形 式式 的的 祈祈 使使 句句 ， willyou?willyou? Comeintotheclassroom,Comeintothecla

39、ssroom,willyouwillyou? Pleasebecareful, Pleasebecareful,willyouwillyou? ? Dont panic,will you? Dont panic,will you?注意：注意：TherebeTherebe句型句型 1 1ThereThereisisanoldpictureonthewall,anoldpictureonthewall,isisn nt tthere? there? 2. 2. ThereTherearentarent anychildrenintheroom,anychildrenintheroom,areare

40、 there? there?3.There3.Therewasntwasntatelephonecallforme,atelephonecallforme,waswasthere?there?4 4ThereTherewerewereenoughpeopletopickapples,enoughpeopletopickapples, werenwerent tthere?there?5 5Therewillbeabasketballmatchtomorrow,wontthere?值值得得注注意意的的是是有有时时英英语语的的谓谓语语动动词词并并不不用用否否定定式式（即即没没加加上上notnot）

41、，而而是是用用上上了了“never,little,few,hardly,nothing,nobonever,little,few,hardly,nothing,nobodydy”等等表表否否定定意意义义的的词词，后后半半部部分分应应用用肯肯定定疑疑问问式式。YouhaveYouhaveneverneverbeentoBeijing,beentoBeijing,havehaveyou?you?Mr.FathasMr.Fathasfewfewfriendshere,friendshere,doesdoeshe?he?ThereisThereislittlelittlemilkinthebottle

42、,milkinthebottle,isisthere? there? HecoulddoHecoulddonothingnothing,couldcould he? he?完成下列反意疑问句：完成下列反意疑问句： 1 1.Mary listened to pop music,_ _?Mary listened to pop music,_ _?2. He has never been to Shanghai_ _?2. He has never been to Shanghai_ _?3.He has few friends at school,_ _?3.He has few friends

43、 at school,_ _?4.The music sounds beautiful,_ _?4.The music sounds beautiful,_ _?5.You cant dance to jazz,_ _?5.You cant dance to jazz,_ _?6.They werent at the concert,_ _?6.They werent at the concert,_ _?7.Lets stop writing,_ _?7.Lets stop writing,_ _?8.Dont be late,_8.Dont be late,_ _?_ _?didnt di

44、dnt sheshehas hehas hedoes hedoes hedoesnt doesnt ititcan youcan youwere therewere thereshall weshall wewill youwill you动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一，也是每年中考英语动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一，也是每年中考英语试题的考点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和试题的考点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为to+to+动词动词原形原形，toto为动词

45、不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点：具有两大特点： 1.1.具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。构成动词不定式短语。2.2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。一、一、动词不定式动词不定式作主语作主语( )( )1. Its hard for us _English 1. Its hard for

46、us _English well.well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learningA. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning( )2. Its very nice _ you to get ( )2. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. forA. for， of B. ofof B. of， for for C. to C. to， for D. offor

47、D. of， toto简析动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面简析动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)Itis+形容词形容词(ofsb)todosth.(2)Itis+形容词形容词(forsb)todosth.(3)Ittakessbsometimetodosth.(4)Itis+名词短语名词短语(forsb)todosth.C CD D句式句式(1)(1)中常用中常用nicenice， kindkin

48、d， cleverclever， goodgood， rightright， wrongwrong， foolishfoolish， carelesscareless等形容词，与介词等形容词，与介词ofof搭配，这些形搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式句式(2)(2)中常用中常用hardhard， difficultdifficult， easyeasy， importantimportant等形容词，与介词等形容词，与介词forfor搭配，表示搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。二、动词不定式二、动词

49、不定式作宾语作宾语( )1. He wants _ some vegetables.( )1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buysA. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys( )2. Dont forget _ your homework with you ( )2. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.when you come to school.A.A.to bring B. bringin

50、g C. to take D. takingto bring B. bringing C. to take D. takingB.B.( )3. He found it very difficult _.( )3. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleepA. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep 简析在简析在wantwant， likelike， agreeagree， hopehope， wishwish， learnlea

51、rn， beginbegin， startstart， decidedecide， hatehate， choosechoose， forgetforget， rememberremember等动词后面，可以接等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用itit作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。C CA AD D三、动词不定式作宾语补足语三、动词不定式作宾语补足语( )1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, ( )1. Robert

52、often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.so his Chinese is much better than before.A.A.help him B. to help him with help him B. to help him with B.B.C. to help with D. helps him withC. to help with D. helps him with( )2. ( )2. MrMr Li often teaches his Japanese friends

53、Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food._ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cookedA. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked简析不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定简析不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：式作宾语补足语的动词有：askask， teachteach， expectexpect， telltell， allow allow 等。等。B BC C四、动词不定式作状语四、动词不定式作状语( )1

54、. She went _ her teacher.( )1. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeingA. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing( )2. ( )2. MeimeiMeimei likes English very much. She does likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D.

55、 learnsA. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns简析简析gogo， comecome， trytry， do / try ones do / try ones bestbest等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。接不定式作目的状语。A AC C( )3. Im sorry _ that.( )3. Im sorry _ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hearA. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear( )

56、4. Im sorry _ you.( )4. Im sorry _ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubledA. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled( )5. My mother was very glad _ her old ( )5. My mother was very glad _ her old friend.friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meetsA. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets简

57、析简析be +be +形容词形容词+ to do + to do sthsth结构中的不定式结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。作状语，常表示原因或方式。C CB BA A五、动词不定式作定语五、动词不定式作定语( )1. Would you like something _?( )1. Would you like something _? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks( )2. I have a lot of homework _.( )2. I

58、 have a lot of homework _. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do A. do B. doing C. did D. to do( )3. He is not an easy man _.( )3. He is not an easy man _. A. get on B. to get on A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with C. get on with D. to get on with简析简析不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰

59、的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为修饰的词语为逻辑逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。短语动词相当于及物动词。C CD DD D六、不带六、不带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式( )1. We saw him _ the building and go ( )1. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D

60、. entered A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered( )2. So much work usually makes them _ very ( )2. So much work usually makes them _ very tired.tired. A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel( )3. Your father is sleeping. Youd better_.( )3. Your father is sl

61、eeping. Youd better_. A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up C. not wake him up D. not to wake him upB BD DC C简析1.在seesee， watchwatch， hearhear， feelfeel等感官动词和makemake， havehave， letlet等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to. 2.在had b

62、etterhad better后面接不带to的不定式。七、动词不定式的否定形式七、动词不定式的否定形式( )1. The old man told the child _ noisy.( )1. The old man told the child _ noisy. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not( )2. There is going to _ an important ( )2. There is going to _ an importa

63、nt meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late. A. have A. have， not to be B. havenot to be B. have， not benot be C. be C. be， not to be D. benot to be D. be， not benot be简析动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符简析动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号号toto的前面加上的前面加上notnot，如果是不带如果是不带toto的不定式就直的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上接在

64、动词原形前面加上not.not.B BC C八、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词八、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词- -inging形式的区别形式的区别( )1. Please stop _ a rest if you feel tired.( )1. Please stop _ a rest if you feel tired. A. to have B. having C. have D. has A. to have B. having C. have D. has( )2. Why didnt you buy some bread on your way ( )2. Why didnt yo

65、u buy some bread on your way home?home?Sorry, I forgot _ some money with me.Sorry, I forgot _ some money with me. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took A. take B. taking C. to take D. took( )3. Lets have a rest, shall we?( )3. Lets have a rest, shall we?Not now, I cant stop _ the letters.Not now, I c

66、ant stop _ the letters. A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop _ 4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop _ (walk). (walk). A AC CC Cwalkingwalking 双宾语用法要点双宾语用法要点此结构由此结构由主语主语+ +及物谓语动词及物谓语动词+ +间接宾语（人）间接宾语（人）+ +

67、直接宾语直接宾语（事物）（事物）组成。如，组成。如， He brings me cookies every day.He brings me cookies every day. She made me a beautiful dress. She made me a beautiful dress.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词要借助于介词toto或或for,for,如，如， He brings cookies He brings cookies toto me every day. me every da

68、y. She made a beautiful dress She made a beautiful dress forfor me. me.用用toto侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用用forfor侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟常跟双宾语双宾语的动词有：的动词有：（需借助（需借助toto的）的）bring, give, lend, hand, bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, offer, pass, pay, return, send, return, send, show, show, teach,teach,等。等。（需借助（需借助forfor 的）的）buy, call, cook, choose, buy, call, cook, choose, draw, get, make, singdraw, get, make, sing, ,等。等。