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1、The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句相关概念相关概念：先行词；先行词； 关系词及其分类关系词及其分类先行词：被修饰的名词或代词（组）。关系词：连接定语从句和主句并在定语中起作用的词。关系词的分类：根据关系词在定语从句的作用可分为：1.定义：定义：2.先行词：先行词：3.关系代词、关系副词：关系代词、关系副词：在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词关系代词关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：Who, whom, whose, which, that等等When, where
2、, why等等关系词关系词关系代词关系副词that,which(先行词指物时)that,who先行词指人时that (先行词指“人物”时) when时间：状语 where地点；状语 why原因；状语（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表）关系限定词 whose 在从句中限定另一名词。关系代词的用法关系代词的用法指指 代代所所作成分作成分是否可省略是否可省略ThatWhichWhoWhomwhose人；物人；物物物人人人人人、物人、物主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语宾语宾语定语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语
3、可省可省可省不可省不可省关系副词的用法关系副词的用法指代指代所所作成分作成分是否可省是否可省略略WhenWherewhy时间时间状语状语否否地点地点状语状语否否原因原因状语状语否否定语从句定语从句修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1. The students (who dont study hard) will not pass 先行词 定语从句the exam.主句:The students will not pass the exam.2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) i
4、s our 先行词 定语从句English teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语： you从句的宾语：whom3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).主句：A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语: which4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.主句从句的主语: 从句的宾语：The book is on the desk.youthat引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先
5、行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.主语I lost the book( that/which ) you gave me). 宾语归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which,指物，作主语或宾语。 who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) The car _ my uncle bought l
6、ast week was stolen.3) The students _ dont study hardwill not pass the exam.4) The woman _ you saw inthe park is our English teacher.5) He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.which/thatwhich/that/ / /who/thatwhom/that/ / /thatFill in the blanks.1. I still rem
7、ember the day _ we spent inthe forest.2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3. The factory _ we will visit is large.4. The factory _ his father works is large.5. Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm.6. This is the house _ we lived last year.that/whichwhen/on whichthat/whic
8、hwherewhen/at whichwhere/in which归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.Fill in the gaps:1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I w
9、as looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?7.My hometown is not the same one _ it usedto be twenty years ago.thatthatthat/that/thatthatthat以下情况只能用that1 先行词既有指人又有指物2 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theo
10、nly,the very 等修饰时3 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing等不定代词4 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时5当先行词在定语从句中作表语时“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget th
11、e year _ my sonwent to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _ most people had had supper.on whichduring whichin whichby whichB. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found the book _ I paid29 US dollars?2) Have you found the book _ I spent29 US dollars?3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4) Have yo
12、u found the book _ she often talks?for whichon whichfrom whichabout which2. “介词whom/which”与 “whom/which/that/介词”的转换。1）The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is madeof wood.2) Is this the book which you are looking for?介词for不能与 look分开。3. way作先行词1)
13、The way (in which/that) he looks at the problems is wrong.4. 表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of, 有时可用whose转换。1) There are 100 teachers in our school, _60 are women teachers.2) He has three children, two _ work asteachers.3) That table has four legs, all _ arevery short.4) Im painting a house, the roof _ isroun
14、d.Im painting a house whose roof is.5) They live in a house ,_ windows facesouth.They live in a house, the windows_ face south. of whomof whomof whichof whichwhoseof which用介词关系代词填空1 The boy was staying in the room _window he could climb down.2. Hes the man _ I learnt the news.3. Whos the comrade _ y
15、ou just shookhands.4. There are 52 students in our class, _nearly 40 are League members.5. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner.6. Do you know the driver who caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed.7. This is the way _ she studies English.through whosefrom whomwith whomof whomo
16、f whomin whichin which 8. The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend. 9. The story about Shakespeare, _ this is one example , is well written. 10. The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he cant see anything. 11.The key_ she was opening the door broke. 12. The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school. 13. No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early. 14. At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built. for whichof whichwithoutwhichwith whichto whichfor whichover which
