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1、XXXX 年年 6 6 月大学英语四级考试真题及答案月大学英语四级考试真题及答案学习也是快乐的，因为你学习了许多知识，当你学到了他人不知道的知识，当你取得了优异成绩的时候你会感到无比的快乐，因为这些都是通过你的努力所取得的。以下是为大家搜索的xx年 6 月大学考试真题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!Directions: In this section, you will hear three newsreports. At the end of each newsreport, you will hear twoor three questions. Both th
2、e news report and thequestionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single lihrough the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you havejust
3、 heard.1. A. It was dangerous to live in.B. It was going to be renovated.C. He could no longer pay the rent.D. He had sold it to the royal family.2. A. A strike.B. A storm.C. A forest fire.D. A terrorist attack.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you havejust heard.3. A. They lost contact
4、 with the emergency department.B. They were trapped in an underground elevator.C. They were injured by suddenly falling rocks.D. They sent calls for help via a portable radio.4. A. They tried hard to repair the elevator.B. They released the details of the aident.C. They sent supplies to keep the min
5、ers warm.D. They provided the miners with food and water.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you havejust heard.5. A. Raise postage rates.B. Improve its services.C. Redesign delivery routes.D. Close some of its post offices.6. A. Shortening business hours.B. Closing offices on holidays.C.
6、Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays.D. Computerizing mall sorting processes.7. A. Many post office staff will lose their jobs.B. Many people will begin to plain.C. Taxpayers will be very pleased.D. A lot of controversy will arise.Directions: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At t
7、he end of each conversation,you willhear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoicesmarked A, B, C and D . Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through
8、thecentre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation youhave just heard.8. A. He will be kept from promotion.B. He will go through retraining.C. He will be given a warning.D. He will lose part of his pay.9. A. He is always on time.B. He is a trustworthy guy.C. He is an experienced press operato
9、r.D. He is on good terms with his workmates.10. A. She is a trade union representative.B. She is in charge of public relations.C. She is a senior manager of the shop.D. She is better at handling such matters.11. A. He is skilled and experienced.B. He is very close to the manager.C. He is always tryi
10、ng to stir up trouble.D. He is always plaining about low wages.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation youhave just heard.12. A. Open.B. Friendly.C. Selfish.D. Reserved.13. A. They stay quiet.B. They read a book.C. They talk about the weather.D. They chat with fellow passengers.14. A. She w
11、as always treated as a foreigner.B. She was eager to visit an English castle.C. She was never invited to a colleagues home.D. She was unwilling to make friends with workmates.15. A. Houses are much more quiet.B. Houses provide more privacy.C. They want to have more space.D. They want a garden of the
12、ir own.Directions: In this section, you will hear threepassages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree orfour questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices markedA, B, C and D .Then mark
13、the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 withasingle line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you havejust heard.16. A. They dont have much choice of jobs.B. They are likely to get much higher pay.C. They dont have to go through job interviews.D. They will automatically
14、be given hiring priority.17. A. Ask their professors for help.B. Look at school bulletin boards.C. Visit the school careers service.D. Go through campus newspapers.18. A. Helping students find the books and journalsthey need.B. Supervising study spaces to ensure a quietatmosphere.C. Helping students
15、 arrange appointments withlibrarians.D. Providing students with information about thelibrary.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you havejust heard.19. A. It tastes better.B. It is easier to grow.C. It may be sold at a higher price.D. It can better survive extreme weathers.20. A. It is healt
16、hier than green tea.B. It can grow in drier soil.C. It will replace green tea one day.D. It is immune to various diseases.21. A. It has been well received by many tea drinkers.B. It does not bring the promised health benefits.C. It has made tea farmers life easier.D. It does not have a stable market
17、.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you havejust heard.22. A. They need decorations to show their status.B. They prefer unique objects of high quality.C. They decorate their homes themselves.D. They care more about environment.23. A. They were proud of their creations.B. They could only try
18、 to create at night.C. They made great contributions to society.D. They focused on the quality of their products.24. A. Make wise choices.B. Identify fake crafts.C. Design handicrafts themselves.D. Learn the importance of creation.25. A. To boost the local economy.B. To attract foreign investments.C
19、. To arouse public interest in crafts.D. To preserve the traditional culture.Directions: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor eachblank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage. Read thepassage through carefully beforemaki
20、ng your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.When someone mit
21、s a criminal act, we always hope thepunishment will match the offense.But when it es to one ofthe cruelest crimes-animal fighting-things26 work outthat way.Dog-fighting victims are 27 and killed for profitand sport, yet their criminal abusers oftenreceive a28sentence for causing a lifetime of pain.
22、Roughly half ofall federally-convicted animalfighters only get probation(缓刑).Some progress has been made in the prosecution (起诉)of animal fighters. But federal judgesoften rely heavily onthe U. S. Sentencing GuideLines when they29 penalties, andin the case ofanimal fighting, those guidelines areoutd
23、ated and extremely30The U.S. Sentencing Commission, which31 thesesentencing guidelines, is revisiting them,proposing toraise the minimum sentence from 6 - 12 to 21 - 27 months.This is a step in the right32, but wed like to see the U.S. Sentencing Commission make further changes to theguidelines.Alon
24、g with this effort, were working with animaladvocates and state and federal lawmakers to33 anti-crueltylaws across the country, as well as supporting laws andpolicies that assistoverburdened animal 34 that care foranimal fighting victims. This help is 35 importantbecausethe high cost of caring for a
25、nimal victims is a majorfactor that prevents people from gettinginvolved in crueltycases in the first place.A. convenientB. createsC. criticallyD. determineE. directionF. hesitateG. inadequateH. inspiredI. methodJ. minimalK. rarelyL. sheltersM. strengthenN. sufferingsO. torturedDirections: In this s
26、ection, you are going to read apassage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatementcontains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph ismarked with a letter.Answer the questions
27、 by markingthecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.When Work Bees a GameA) What motivates employees to do their jobs well?Competition with coworkers, for some. Thepromise of rewards,for others. Pure enjoyment of problem-solving, for a luckyfew.B) Increasingly, panies are tapping into these desires
28、directly through what has e to be knownas gamification :essentially, turning work into a game. Gamification isabout understandingwhat it is that makes games engaging andwhat game designers do to create a great experience ingames,and taking those learnings and applying them to othercontexts such as t
29、he workplace andeducation, explainsKevin Werbach, a gamification expert who teaches at theWharton School ofBusiness at the University of Pennsylvaniain the United States.C) It might mean monitoring employee productivity on adigital leaderboard and offering prizes to thewinner, orgiving employees dig
30、ital badges or stars for pletingcertain activities. It could alsomean training employeeshow to do their jobs through video game platforms.Companies fromGoogle to LOralto IBM to Wells Fargo areknown to use some degree of gamification in theirworkplaces.And more and more panies are joining them. A rec
31、ent reportsuggests that theglobal gamification market will grow from$1.65 billion in xx to $11.1 billion by 2021.D) The concept of gamification is not entirely new,Werbach says. Companies, marketers and teachershave longlooked for fun ways to engage peoples reward-seeking orpetitive spirits. Cracker
32、 Jackshas been gamifying itssnack food by putting a small prize inside for more than100 years, headds, and the turn-of-the-century steelmagnate (巨头) Charles Schwab is said to have often eintohis factory and written the number of tons of steelproduced on the past shift on the factoryfloor, thusmotiva
33、ting the next shift of workers to beat the previousone.E) But the word gamification and the widespread,conscious application of the concept only beganin earnestabout five years ago, Werbach says. Thanks in part to videogames, the generation nowentering the workforce isespecially open to the idea of
34、having their work gamified.We are at apoint where in much of the developed world thevast majority of young people grew up playingvideo games,and an increasingly high percentage of adults play thesevideo games too, Werbachsays.F) A number of panies have sprung up-GamEffective,Bunchbail and Badgeville
35、, to name a few-in recent yearsoffering gamification platforms for businesses. Theplatforms that are most effectiveturn employees ordinaryjob tasks into part of a rich adventure narrative. Whatmakes a gamegame-like is that the player actually caresabout the oute, Werbach says. The principle isaboutu
36、nderstanding what is motivating to this group of players,which requires some understandingof psychology. G) Some people, Werbach says, are motivated bypetition.Sales people often fall into thiscategory. Forthem, the right kind of gamification might be turning theirsaies pitches into apetition with o
37、ther team members, pletewith a digital leaderboard showing who is winningat alltimes. Others are more motivated by collaboration andsocial experiences. One panyWerbach has studied usesgamification to create a sense of munity and boostemployees morale(士气). When employees log in to theirputers, theyre
38、 shown a picture of one of theircoworkersand asked to guess that persons name.H) Gamification does not have to be digital. MonicaCorti runs a pany that gamifies employeetrainings.Sometimes this involves technology, but often it does not.She recently designed agamification strategy for a saiestrainin
39、g pany with a storm-chasing theme. Employeesformedstorm chaser teams and peted in storm-themededucational exercises to earn variousrewards. Rewards donot have to be stuff, Corti says. Rewards can be flexibleworkinghours. Another training, this one for pay roll law,used a Snow White and the Seven Dwa
40、rfstheme. Snow Whiteis available for everyone to use, but the dwarfs arestill under copyright,so Corti invented sound-alikecharacters (Grumpy Gus, Dopey Dan) to illustrate specificpay rolllaw principles.I) Some people do not take naturaily to gamified workenvironments, Corti says.In herexperience, p
41、eople inpositions of power or people in finance or engineering donot tend to like thesound of the word. If we are designingfor engineers, Im not talking about a game atall,Corti says. Im talking about a simulation (模拟),Im talking about being able to solvethis problem. J) Gamification is not a magic
42、bullet, Werbachwarns.A gamification strategy that is notsufficientlythought through or well tailored to its players may engagepeople for a little while, but itwill not motivate peoplein the long term. It can also be exploitative, especiallywhen used withvulnerable populations. For workers,especially
43、 low-paid workers, who desperately need theirjobsyet know they can be easily replaced, gamification mayfeel more like the Hunger Games. Werbachgives the exampleof several Disneyland hotels in Anaheim, Caiifornia, whichused large digital leaderboards to display how efficientlylaundry workers were wor
44、king pared to one another.Someemployees found the board motivating. To others, it was theopposite of fun. Some began tostop taking bathroom breaks,worried that if their productivity fell they would be fired.Pregnantemployees struggled to keep up. In a Los AngelesTimes article, one employee referred
45、to the boardas adigital whip. It actually had a very negative effect onmorale and performance, Werbachsays.K) Still, gamification only stands to bee more popular,he says, as more and more people einto the workforce whoare familiar with the structures and expressions of digitaigames. We arefar from r
46、eaching the peak, Corti agrees.There is no reason this will go away. 36. Some famous panies are already using gamificationand more are trying to do the same.37. Gamification is not a miracle cure for allworkplaces as it may have negative results.38. To enhance morale, one pany asks its employees toi
47、dentify their fellow workers when startingtheir puters.39. The idea of gamification was practiced by somebusinesses more than a century ago.40. There is reason to believe that gamification willbe here to stay.41. Video games contributed in some ways to the wideapplication of gamification.42. When tu
48、rning work into a game, it is necessary tounderstand what makes games interesting.43. Gamification in employee training does not alwaysneed technology.44. The most suessful gamification platforms transformdaily work assignments into fun experiences.45. It is necessary to use terms other thangamifica
49、tion for some professions.Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Eachpassage is followed by some questions orunfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C andD . You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with asing
50、le line through the centre.Recently I attended several meetings where we talkedabout ways to retain students and keepyounger facultymembers from going elsewhere.It seems higher education has bee an industry ofmeeting-holders whose task it is to solveproblems-realor imagined. And in my position as a
51、professor at threedifferent colleges, the actualproblems in educating ouryoung people and older students have deepened, while thenumber of peoplehired-not to teach but to hold meetings-has increased significantly. Every new problem creates anewjob for an administrative fixer. Take our Center forTeac
52、hing Excellence. Contrary to its title, thecenter is aclearing house (信息交流中心) for using technology inclassrooms and in online courses.Its an administrativesham (欺诈) of the kind that has multiplied over the last30 years.I offer a simple proposition in response: Many of ourproblems-class attendance, e
53、ducationalsuess, studenthappiness and well-being-might be improved by cutting downthe bureaucratic ( 官僚的) mechanisms and meetings andinstead hiring an army of good teachers. If we replacedhalf of ouradministrative staff with classroom teachers, wemight actually get a majority of our classes back to
54、20orfewer students per teacher. This would be an environment inwhich teachers and students actuallyknew each other.The teachers must be free to teach in their own way-the curriculum should be flexible enough sothat they canuse their individual talents to achieve the goals of thecourse. Additionally,
55、 they should beallowed to teach, andbe rewarded for doing it well. Teachers are not people whoare great at andconsumed by research and happen to appearin a classroom. Good teaching and research are notexclusive,but they are also not automatic panions. Teaching is an artand a craft, talent andpractic
56、e; it is not something thatjust anyone can be good at. It is utterly confusing to methat peopledo not recognize this, despite the fact thatpretty much anyone who has been a student can tellthedifference between their best and worst teachers.46. What does the author say about present-dayuniversities?
57、A. They are effectively tackling real or imaginedproblems.B. They often fail to bine teaching with research.C. They are over-burdened with admires trative staff.D. They lack talent to fix their deepening problems.47. Aording to the author, what kind of people douniversities lack most?A. Good classro
58、om teachers.B. Efficient administrators.C. Talented researchers.D. Motivated students.48. What does the author imply about the classes atpresent?A. They facilitate students independent learning.B. They help students form closer relationships.C. They have more older students than before.D. They are m
59、uch bigger than is desirable.49. What does the author think of teaching ability?A. It requires talent and practice.B. It is closely related to research.C. It is a chief factor affecting students learning.D. It can be acquired through persistent practice.50. What is the authors suggestion for improvi
60、nguniversity teaching?A. Creating an environment for teachers to share theirteaching experiences.B. Hiring more classroom teachers and allowing them toteach in their own way.C. Using high technology in classrooms and promotingexchange of information.D. Cutting down meetings and encouraging administr
61、ativestaff to go to classrooms.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The secret to eating less and being happy about it mayhave been cracked years ago-byMcDonalds. Aording to a newstudy from Cornell Universitys Food and Brand Lab, smallnon-foodrewards-like the toys in McDonalds Happy
62、 Meals-stimulate the same reward centers in the brain asfood does.The researchers, led by Martin Reimann, carried out aseries of experiments to see if people wouldchoose asmaller meal ff it was paired with a non-food item.They found that the majority of both kids and adultsopted for a haft-sized por
63、tion when binedwith a prize. Bothoptions were priced the same.Even more interesting is that the promise of a futurereward was enough to make adults choose thesmaller portion.One of the prizes used was a lottery ticket ( 彩票), with a$10, $ 50 or $100 payout,and this was as effective as atangible gift
64、in persuading people to eat less.The fact that participants were willing to substitutepart of a food item for the mere prospect of arelatively small moary award is interesting, saysReimann.He theorizes that it is the emotional ponent of theseintangible prizes that make them effective.In fact,vaguely
65、-stated possibilities of winning a prize were moreeffective than options with hard oddsincluded.One explanation for this finding is that possibleawards may be more emotionally provoking thancertraintyReimann. The of added attractionandawards,saysuncertainty winningprovidesdesirabilitythrough emotion
66、al thrills. The possibility of receivingan award also produces a state ofhope-a state that is initself psychologically rewarding. In other words, theresa reason why peoplelike to gamble.How might this knowledge be used to help people eatmore healthily?One possibility is a healthy option that offers
67、thechance to win a spa (温泉疗养) weekend. Ormaybe the rewardof a half-sized portion could be a half-sized dessert to beclaimed only on a futuredate. That would get you back inthe restaurant-and make you eat a little less.51. What do we learn about McDonalds inclusion of toysin its Happy Meals?A. It may
68、 shed light on peoples desire to crack asecret.B. It has proved to be key to McDonalds business suess.C. It appeals to kids curiosity to fred out what ishidden inside.D. It may be a pleasant way for kids to reduce theirfood intake.52. What is the finding of the researchers led byMartin Reimann?A. Re
69、ducing food intake is not that difficult if peoplego to McDonalds more.B. Most kids and adults dont actually feel hungry whenthey eat half of their meal.C. Eating a smaller portion of food does good to thehealth of kids and adults alike.D. Most kids and adults would choose a smaller mealthat came wi
70、th a non-food item.53. What is most interesting in Martin Reimanns fmding?A. Kids preferred an award in the form of money to onein the form of a toy.B. Adults chose the smaller portion on the mere promiseof a future award.C. Both kids and adults felt satisfied with only halfof their meal portions.D.
71、 Neither children nor adults could resist thetemptation of a free toy.54. How does Martin Reimann interpret his finding?A. The emotional ponent of the prizes is at work.B. People now care more about quality than quantity.C. People prefer certainty awards to possible awards.D. The desire for a future
72、 reward is overwhelming.55. What can we infer from Martin Reimanns finding?A. People should eat much less if they wish to stayhealthy and happy.B. More fast food restaurants are likely to followMcDonalds example.C. We can lead people to eat less while helping therestaurant business.D. More studies a
73、re needed to find out the impact ofemotion on behavior.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You shouldwrite your answer on Answer Sheet 2.在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运和快乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水书写名被看成是一种冒犯行为。
